“静默之地”柏林欧洲被害犹太人纪念碑
“Ort der Stille”Memorial to the murdered Jews of Europe

欧洲被害犹太人纪念碑，位于柏林市中心勃兰登堡门和波茨坦广场之间，占地19000平方米，耗资2500万欧元，由美国著名建筑设计师彼得o艾森曼设计。

The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Holocaust Mamorial) with an area of 19000m2 and the cost of approximately €25 million is designed by American architect Peter Eisenman and located between Berlin-Brandenburg Gate and Potsdamer Platz.








2711块长2.38米宽0.95米的灰色混凝土柱，被平行列于略有起伏的土地上，远望去如同一个个墓碑；石碑高低不同，倾斜度为0.5度至2度，划分出隔绝而又幽闭的空间，描述了在动荡的社会体系下困惑不安的社会氛围。由水泥碑群组成的网状小路，不足1公尺宽，由小方砖铺成，让人感受到被冰冷的水泥石块挤压的窘迫。除了地面建筑外，地下还建有"信息中心"地下档案展览馆，分4个展区展示欧洲犹太人当年惨遭德国纳粹迫害和屠杀的历史资料。

The 2,711 tilting concrete slabs with 2.38m long and 0.95m wide are arranged like the stone forest of tombs on a sloping field, dividing the plot into small space with sense of isolation and clithrophobia, producing an uneasy, confusing atmosphere in the supposedly ordered system that has lost touch with human reason. The grids of roads between the concrete slabs with the width of less than 1 meter are paved by the square bricks and create the sense of squeezing by the slabs. An underground information center at the eastern side of the field with four exhibitions houses information about the Holocaust of Jews.

纪念碑初期，有人质疑纪念碑的形式过于抽象，无法清晰地传达出悼念纳粹大屠杀遇难者的意念；及只献给所有遇难的犹太人，而忽略了其他在纳粹政权下的受害者。而德国政府强调，纪念碑的落成并不意味着德国对纳粹历史的反省与究责已经结束，纪念碑只是一个开放的艺术作品，它是将亲身经历的战争回忆转化成透过艺术传达集体记忆的一种表达。

The memorial is controversial. It was described that the abstract form could not clearly convey the mourning for the murdered Jews and also criticized for only commemorating the Jewish victims of the Holocaust. German Government stated the completion of The Memorial meant not the ending of self-reflection and investigation for Holocaust but one kind of expression transferring the experienced war memory into the collective memory through the open art work.