英文和中文自是属于两种完全不同的语系，所以对于学习英文的中国学生来说，学习英文的难度相当的大。在我个人的课题研究《提高初中生英语识记单词有效性的策略研究》中，对于英文自然拼读法和汉语拼音的异同做了点研究对比，以找出其中规律帮助学生更加有效的学习英语单词。

在汉语拼音中我们把字母分为了声母和韵母，相应的在英文中也分为元音和辅音。英语中的元音就相当于我们汉语中的韵母，而辅音就相当于我们汉语当中的声母。只有韵母和声母的结合才能是一个完整的音节。英文也是同理，元音与辅音相结合构成一个音节。而音节是我们在学习英语单词的时候的一个重要因素，能正确的划分音节和学会字母组合对于我们在背诵单词时，能起到事半功倍的效果。根据初中生从小学习汉语拼音的基础，我们可以在对照汉语拼音的同时，轻松容易的记住英语的发音规则。进而增强学生学习英语的信心和兴趣。

在英文的26个字母当中其中元音的变化比较大，辅音则几乎没什么变化。元音组合和辅音组合也都是有规律可循的，根据这些规律，学习英文单词将会更加容易。接下来我们将对元音、辅音、元音组合和辅音组合进行归纳总结。

首先，我们要区分两个概念，就是字母声和字母名。字母声指的是字母发出来的声音，而字母名就是字母本身的读法。接下来我们先对26个字母进行字母名和字母声的梳理。

元音字母Aa- a -apple/alligator，Ee-e-elephant/egg,Ii-i-ink/igloo,

Oo-o-ox/octopus,Uu-u-umbrella/underwear,

辅音字母Bb-b-ball/bird,Cc-c-cat/car, Dd-d-dog/duck,

Ff-f-fish/frog,Gg-g-goat/goose,Hh-h-hen/horse,

Jj-j-juice/jam,Kk-k-kite/kangaroo,Mm-m-moon/mouse,

Nn-n-nurse/nest,Pp-p-pig/panda,Qq-q-queen/quick,

Rr-r-rabbit/robot,Ss-s-sun/snake,Tt-t-turtle/tiger,

Vv-v-van/violin, Ww-w-window/watch,Xx-x-fox/box,

Yy-y-yoyo/year,Zz-z-zebra/zoo

不按照严格规定的清辅音和浊辅音来区分的话，辅音字母的字母声和汉语拼音中相似的字母均可以一一对应，不过个别的在发音上需要注意。例如：B，C,D,G,H,K,M,N,P,S,T,W，Z这些字母用在词首的时候均可以按照汉语拼音的读法去读，但是用在词尾的话就需要去掉汉语拼音里面读出来的e。而Q必须和u

连用变成qu，初高中所有的单词中，没有q单独使用的。这个我们需要注意。R这个字母和汉语的读音不一样，V，X，Y这个字母的读音在汉语中是没有的。

短元音组:

A - am,ad,at,an,ap,ab,ag,ack,ant,ang,ank,amp

例：am-pam/sam，at-sat/pat，an-man/ran, ap-map/lap,ab-tab/cab,

ag-bag/rag, ack-pack/sack, ant-ant/pant,ang-sang/bang,

ank-tank/bank,amp-camp/lamp

 

E- ed,en,ell,eg,et,ess,end,ent,est,eck

例：ed-ted/red,en-ten/hen,ell-sell/bell,eg-egg/leg,et-jet/wet

ess-bess/mess,end-bend/mend,ent-kent/went,est-nest/best,

eck-peck/deck

I- id,ig,ill,it,im,in,ing,ink,ish,ick

例：id-hid/kid,ig-big/igloo,ill- hill/mill,it-sit/bit,im-Jim/Kim,

in-inside/win,ing-ring/ding,ink-pink/sink,ish-fish/dish,

ick-sick/rick

O- ox,ot,op,ob,od,og,om,ock

例：ox-box/fox,ot-pot/hot,op-hop/top,ob-Bob/job,od-rod/god,og-hog/log

om-tom/mom,ock-rock/sock

U- ug,un,ut,ub,um,uck,ump,unch

例：ug-bug/mug,un-run/sun,ut-but/hut,ub-rub/tub,um-gum/mum

uck-duck/luck,ump-jump/hump,unch-lunch/munch

混合音组：

Rr blends- br,cr,dr,fr,gr,tr

Br-brush/bring,cr-cream/crab,dr-drop/drive, fr-friend/fried,

gr-green/grass,tr-trouble/trap,

Li blends-bl,cl,fl,gl,pl

bl-black/block, cl-class/clap,fl-flash/flip,gl-glass/gloat,

Pl-plus/plan

Ss blends- sk,sl,sp,st,sw

例：sk-skip/skill,sl-sled/slip,sp-spin/spell,st-student/stand,

sw-swing/swim

元音组合和复合辅音

Aa-ai:ail,aid,ain,ait

ail-mail/sail/snail, aid-paid/maid,ain-rain/gain,ait-wait/bait

  -ay:kay,day,stay,hay,jay,may,play,clay

Ee-ee: ee, eed, eep, eet,

       ee-see/bee,eed-seed/feed, eep-deep/sheep,eet-meet/feet

  -ea:ead,ean,eat,eal

      ea-sea/tea, ead-read/bead,ean-Jean/dean,eal-seal/meal

Oo-oa:oat,oad,oap,oak,oast,oal,oaf

      oat-goat/coat, oad-road/load, oap-soap oak-soak,

oast-coast/roast,oal-goal,oaf-loaf

Sh-ash,ish,ush,

   ash-dash/cash/rash/flash,ish-dish/fish/wish,ush-hush/rush/brush

   -shell,ship,shop,shut

Ch-tch,ench,each,atch,unch

   tch-watch/itch, each-beach/teach/reach,ench-bench,atch-patch/match

   unch-lunch/crunch

   -chick,check,chin,chop,chess,chip

Th-th,ath,eeth,oth

   ath-bath,math,path,eeth-teeth,oth-moth

   thing,thumb,think,thick

Wh-what/wheel/wheat/white/when/which(例外who)

分离元音组合和带R的组合

Aa- a-e: ake,ame,ane,ate

     ake-wake/make,ame-name/shame,ane-jane/cane ate-late,date,fate

Ee-e-e:eve,ete,ese

      eve-evening/eve,ete-pete,ese-these/Chinese

Ii-i-e;ite,ide,ike,ine,

      ite-white/bite,ide-ride,ike-like/bike,ine-vine/wine

Oo-o-e:oke,ose,ole,ome

      oke-coke/joke,ose-rose/nose,ole-hole/mole,ome-home/Rome

Uu-u-e:use,ute

       use-fuse/muse,ute-mute/cute

ou-o-u: ground.found

ow-o-w:ow,own

       ow-now/cow,own-down/town/crown

Oo-o-o;ook,ood,oom,oose

       Ook-cook/book,ood-food/mood,oon-moon/noon,oose-goose/moose

Ar-ark,ard,arn,arm

   Ark-bark/dark/mark,ard-hard/yard/card,arn-barn/yarn,arm-farm/arm

Er-e-r,teacher,farmer,barker,winter

Ir-i-r,sir/fir,dirt,dirty,

Or-o-r,horn,fork,pork,ford,lord,born,horn,storm,form,north

Ur-u-r,turkey,nurse,purse,burn,turn