加载中…章振邦语法英语句子汉译:第四种类型条件句(TypeIV)
(2020-07-02 22:02:52)
标签：
365if条件句第四种类型typeiv |
第四种类型条件句(Type
IV)
Type
IV
是表示与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，这种句型也有基本形式和变体形式。
1)
第四种类型条件句的基本形式
第四种类型条件句的基本形式是
(If)
had +
-ed
分词+
(Main)
would
(could, might, etc)
have+
-ed
分词
例如:
lf we had caught the
10
o'clock
train,
We
A:
B: So
if
you'd felt well,
A: 为什么没付钱给汤姆？
B:
You
didn't tell me to. If
you'd
told me
to,
I'd
have
paid
him
of
course.
这种类型的条件句有时也可根据语义意图用完成进行体形式。例如：
If
we
had caught
that
plane,
we
could
have
been
taking
part
in
the
celebrations.
Type
III 和
说：
If you
had
told
me to,
I would
have
paid
him.
却不可以说：
x
If you told me to, I
would
have paid him.
这个句子的前半段
(if
分句）是
Type
III
表示现在不大可能实现的条件，而后半段主句）却表示与过去事实相反的情况，前后在逻辑意义上不相协调。但在保证句子合乎逻辑的前提下，也可根据语义意图混合使用两种句型的动词形式。例如：
If
writing
had
never
been
invented,
we
would
have
had
no
books.如果写作从来没有发明过，我们从来就不会有书。
If
writing
had
never
been
invented,
we
would
have
no
books.
If he
had
wanted
to dance,
1'd
have
taken
him to a discotheque.
If
he liked
dancing,
I'd
have
taken
him to a discotheque.
2)
笔四种类型条件句的变体形式
第四种类型条件句的变体形式是：
(If) were
to
have+
-ed
分词+
(Main) would
(could,
might, etc) have
+
-ed
分词
例如：
If you
were to
have
asked
me, I
would
have
been
only too
willing
to
help.
If
you
were to
have
explained
your
problem
to
me, I
would
have
been
able to
help you.
***************
If
she
had
come
yesterday,
he'd
surely
have
有两种可能的解释
如果说话人事先知道她昨天没有来，那么上述句式就表示与过去事实相反。
如果说话人事先不知道她昨天来过没有，那么上述句式就可以出现在
"I
don't know whether
she
came yesterday,
but I doubt
这样的上下文中。也就是说．上述句式不是表示与过去事实相反，而是表说话人的主观判断。
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