加载中…章振邦语法英语句子汉译:-ed分词分句
(2020-05-17 20:33:57)
标签：
365-ed分词分句-ed分词分句作状语 |
-ed
分词分句
-ed
分词作谓语动词的分句结构叫做
-ed
分词分句。
1)-ed
分词分句的结构模式
-ed
分词分旬也分为不带主语和从属连词的、带从属连词的和带主语的三种。
a)
不带主语和从属连词的
-ed
分词分句
-ed
分词分句可以既不带主语也不带从属连词。
Covered
with
confusion
(心烦意乱），
she
hurriedly left
the
room.
The
castle,
burnt
down
in
1485
(1485年烧毁），
was
never
rebuilt.
Not a single
case
of
T.B.
was
found in
the X-rays
studied
(=
that
had
been
studied).
第一、二例中的
ed
分词分句的逻辑主语是主句的主语，第三例的逻辑主语是介词补足成分
the
X-rays（爱克斯光片子）。
b)
带从属连词的
-ed
分词分句
这里所说的从属连词可以是
when,
though/
although,
as
if/
as
though,
if,
even
if,
once,unless,
until
等。
This dictionary will look nice
when
printed
(印成后）．
Though
surrounded
虽受包围）
the
He
threw
himself
from
his
horse
and
lay still
as
if
shot
(好像被枪打死似的）．
If
left
alone
on
a
desert
island
(如果把你单独一人留在荒岛上）
what
would
you
do
first?
Even
if
invited
(即使受到邀请）， I
Once
published
(一出版），
the
book
caused a remarkable
stir
(引起轰动）．
Do
not
leave
the
building
unless
instructed
(没有得到命令）．
上述带从属连词的
-ed
分词分句也可以看作是一种省略从属分句，省略的部分总是“主语+
be
的一定形式”，省略的主语即分句逻辑主语
c)
带主语的
-ed
分词分句
-ed
分词分句本身也能带有自己的主语。
The
job
finished
(工作完成后），
we
went
home
straight
away.
Her
shirt
caught
on
a
nail
(由于衬衫钓在钉子上），
she
could
not
move.
这里的
-ed
分词分句也可以视为省略了
being /
My
work
done(=
My
work
being
done),
I
went
to
bed
The
purse
not
yet
found(=
The
purse
not
having
been
found),
we
went
to
the
police.
这种带有自己主语的
ed
分词分句传统称为“独立结构＂
这种“独立结构”有时也能由
with引导。
With
the
tree
grown
ta
we
get more
shade.
They
sat
in
the
room
with
the
curtains
drawn.
2)-ed
分词分句的句法功能
关于
ed
分词作名词的前置修饰语以及
ed
分词结构作补语的用法已在前面介绍过。现在看-ed词分句作名词的后置修饰语以及在句中作状语的用法。
a)
-ed
分词分句作后置修饰语通常相当于一个缩略的关系分句
The
men,
soaked
with
sweat
from
an
all-night
march,
immediately
went
into
action.
One
of
the
houses
wrecked
by
the
storm
belonged
to
my
grandfather.
-ed分词作状语可表示多种意义，比如作时间状语．
Heated,
the
metal
expands.
Once
appointed
supreme
commander,
he
took
the
stern
measures
expected
of
him.
作原因状语
Deeply
moved,
he
thanked
her
again
and
again.
Absorbed
in
his
work,
Jim
neglected
food
and
sleep.
作条件状语
United,
we
stand;
divided,
we
fall.
Seen
in this light,
the
matter
作让步状语
Left
to
his
own
devices,
Charles
did
not relax
his
efforts.
Beaten
by
the
police
and
sent
to jail,
Gandhi (甘地)
（非暴力抵抗主义）
表示伴随状况
I
made
a
leisurely
round
of
the
town,
fascinated
by
the
He
went
to
Beijing
that
winter,
disguised
as
a
merchant.
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