加载中…章振邦语法英语句子汉译:悬垂分词
(2020-05-16 10:40:17)
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365danglingparticipledanglingmodifier |
悬垂分词
“悬垂分词"
(dangling participle),
又叫“无依着分词"
(unattached participle),
ing
分词
-ed
分词结构在句中找不到它的逻辑主语，因而处于一种“悬垂＂状态，即“无依着“状态。
1)"
依着法则”和“悬垂分词“
-ing
词或
-ed
分词结构在句中起关系分句或状语分句作用时，它们都有逻辑主语
，这种逻辑主语有时就是主句的主语。
Sitting
at
the
back
as
we
are,
we
can't
hear a
Jolted
by
the
collision,
Harry
suffered
a
sprained
back
and
a broken
knee.
He
was
lying
on
the
couch,
enjoying
his
pipe.
但有时，分词结构的逻辑主语并不是主句的主语，而是主句的其他成分。
The
hunter
Searching along
the
deck,
it
had
taken
him
some
time to find a doctor.
Waking
or
sleeping,
the
subject
was
always
in
my mind.
由上述诸例可以
出，分词结构通常是通过它的逻辑主语而对主句发生依着关系，这种语法现象叫做“依着法则”
Having
这里仅就分词而言。其实这种
“悬垂“现象井不限于分词．不定式也有类似的情况：
?
To
be
considered
?
To
become a champion swimmer,
shoulder
muscles
must
be developed
while
young.
2)
关于“悬垂分词”的可接受性问题
关于“悬垂
”的可接受性,应对具体
具体分析。
如在科技语体中，悬垂分词“
以及无依着的不定式结构用得较
广，这
该视为正常。科技语体通常避免使用人称。
Using
the
electric
To
determine
the
number
of
cells
(细胞）
sample
is
put under
a
When installing a boiler, the floor space which is
available is very
important.
在其他语体中，
只要
悬垂分词
不引起歧义或造成语
混乱，通常都是可以接受的
Having
been
deserted
by
his
guide
,
there
seemed
little
hope
that
the
explorer
would
find
his way
through
the
jungle
.
Leaving
the
cinema,
it
seemed
to him
that
the
film
had
been
exceptionally
bad.
When diving
carelessly,
it
is
easy
to
have
an
accident.
但是，在脱离了上下
问的情况下，
有些
悬垂
现象却应该避免，
至少不应鼓励初
去模仿。
Standing
on
the
church
tower,
the
whole
village
could
be
seen.
而有些“悬垂分词“
构，在理解上会引起歧义或者在表意上会引起混乱时这种“
x
Opening
the
cupboard,
a skeleton
fell
out.
x Grilled
on
charcoal,
we
liked
the
fish much better.
喜欢
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