加载中…章振邦语法英语句子汉译：动词分类及物动词不及物动词连系动词
(2020-04-07 23:25:00)
标签：
365主要动词分类及物动词不及物动词连系动词 |
及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词
主动词按其是否必须跟有补足成分
(complementation)
a)
及物动词
及物动词之后须带宾语
(object)
只带
个宾语的及物动词叫做“单宾及物动词
(mono
transitive
verb)。
John is
playing
cricket.
Mark
researched
his topic thoroughly.
有些及物动词可带双宾语，即间接宾语
(indirect object)
和直接宾语
(direct object)
能带双宾语的及物动词叫做“双宾及物动词"
(ditransitive verb)
。
The
new
lamp
gave
us more light.
Celeste
paid
me
a compliment.
有些及物动词在一定上下文中须带宾语和宾语补语
(object
complement)
此类及物动词叫做“复宾及物动词"
(complex-transitive verb)
The
jury
found
the defender not
guilty.
You
should
keep
the room clean
all
the time.
有些及物动词在一定上下文中不仅须带宾语，而且宾语之后还须带状语。
The
Chinese
treat
older people with great
respect.
I
put
the
book
on the shelf.我把书放到了书架上。
b)
不及物动词
不及物动词之后不须带宾语。
The
president
is
speaking.
The
hunter suddenly
stopped.
He
heard a noise
in
the bushes.
但是，有些不及物动词在一定上下文中，其后须带状语，否则意义不完整。
Betty and Sue
have
lived
in
Atlanta since 1975.
贝蒂和苏住在亚特兰大，始于1975年。
Daffodils
bloom
in
early
spring. 水仙花开花在早春。
Frank
cheats
at poker. 弗兰克的作弊是在玩扑克之时 。
The
musician
performs
in
Boston
next
month.
c)
连系动词
连系动词之后须带主语补语
(subject complement)
。
The
capital
of
the United States
was
once
New
York
City. 所提到的首都属于美国，原本在纽约市。
When did you
become
suspicious?
The
puddle
got
bigger the
more
it
rained.
That
sounds
like a
good
idea.
She
is
now
feeling
much
better.
The
photograph
measures
8
by
10
inches.这张照片的尺寸是8乘10英寸。
The
fish
smells
awful.这鱼闻起来令人难受。
以上三类动词的划分并不是绝对的，许多动词都有跨类现象：在一种上下文中是及物动词，在另一种上下文中却是不及物动词或连系动词。
The
fish is fresh from
water.
You
don't
have
to
smell
it.
The
milk is going bad.
It
smells.
This dish
smells
delicious.
smell
在以上第一例中是及物动词，在第二例中是不及物动词，而在第三例中则是连系动词。
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