第三单元  祝愿和祝贺、劝告和建议、同意/赞同和不同意/不赞同

 

【单元主要内容及目标】

    本单元的主要教学内容及目标是：了解并掌握祝愿和祝贺、劝告和建议、同意/赞同和不同意/不赞同的常用句型及基本表达方法。

 

【讲授】

 

要点1  祝愿和祝贺

   

常用句型及基本表达

 

A. 表示祝愿和祝贺

Good luck!

  That’s terrific!

Best wishes to you.

Wish you a pleasant journey.

Have a nice/good time/weekend.

Congratulations!

Congratulations on your success!

Happy birthday to you!

Merry Christmas!

Happy New Year!

B. 常用应答语

Thank you (very much).

Thank you. The same to you./You too.

Merry Christmas!

Happy New Year!

 

典型试题解析

1. — I have won the first prize in the English competition.

—               .

—               .

A. Good news…I’m happy, too                            B. Not bad…Me, too

C. Congratulations…Thanks                         D.I can’t believe it…So can I

2. — We’re going on a visit to Japan next week.

—              

A. Have a good journey.                                B. Good bye.

C. Wish you happy.                                      D. You’re right.

3. — Have a nice weekend.

—              

A. Why not?                                                B. The same to you.

C. You are right.                                           D. Let’s have it together.

4. — Wish you good health and lots of happiness.

—              

A. OK.

B. Thank you, and the same to you.

C. You are right.

D. I will.

5. — Tomorrow is my birthday.

— _________

A. Oh, I have no idea.                     B. I’m glad you like it.

C. Many happy returns of the day!           D. You must be very happy.

 

答案：

T：请看第1题：英语竞赛我得了第一名。

S：这是件值得庆贺的事，选C：Congratulations.

T：是的，但听到别人祝贺，别忘了表示感谢。请看第2题：下周我们要去日本访问。

S：那应该祝他们旅途顺利、快乐，选A。

T：你说得完全正确。再看第3题：周末快乐。

S：当别人祝你周末快乐时，你当然也得表示同样的祝愿，选B：也祝你周末快乐。

T：对。再看第4题：祝你身体健康，幸福。

S：那你也得祝福别人健康，幸福。

T：是的。The same to you就是表示这个意思。再看第5题：明天是我的生日。

S：我不知道该选哪个选项。

T：本题要用选项C。 Many happy returns of the day! 这是祝贺生日的一种习惯说法。

 

 

要点2  劝告和建议

 

常用句型及基本表达

 

A. 表示劝告

You’d better…

You should/ought to…

You need (to)…

B. 表示建议

I suggest that…/I suggest doing…

Shall we…?

Let’s…,shall we?

What/How about…?

C. 接受建议或劝告

That’s great.

All right, let’s…

Good idea!

Thank you for your suggestion.

That’s a good idea/suggestion.

 

典型试题解析

1. —You shouldn’t smoke in public.

—              

A. It’s very nice of you to say that.              B. I’ll give it a try.

C. Thank you for your suggestion.                D. No, thanks.

2. —If I were you, I would buy that red one.

—               

A. It’s none of your business.                       B. It’ my pleasure.

C.I will think about it.                                  D. It’s very nice of you to help me.

3. —Shall we go out?

—              

A. All right, let’s go.                                     B. Yes, we shall.

C. Yes, please.                                             D. Yes, of course go.

4. — You’d better have more physical exercise.

—              

A. That’s a good suggestion.                         B. That’s good.

C .Really?                                                    D. Yes, I would.

5. — How about going to the cinema tonight, Jane?

  —             .

  A. I don’t think so    

B. I’m sorry. I have to drive my mother home tonight

C. Never mind

D. Take it easy

6. – Why don’t you travel to New York on vacation?

  --            .

A. I don’t want to go                                    B. Excuse me, because I can’t

C. I want to, but I haven’t got enough money D. Because I’m going to school today

 

答案：

T：请看第1题：你不该在公共场所吸烟。对别人的善意劝告，应表示感谢，本题要用选项C。请看第2题：假如我是你的话，就买那红的。

S：本题用的是虚拟语气。

T：是的。用虚拟语气来提建议，让人听上去感觉更婉转些。本题要用选项C。

S：句中think about是什么意思？

T：意思是“考虑”。Will则表示“意愿”。再看第3题：Shall we go out?这也是用于提出建议的一种常用句型。

S：那不能选B，而是要用选项A。

T：是的。All right表示接受别人的建议，意为“好吧，行”。再看第4题：你最好多锻炼、锻炼。如果你认同这个建议，该怎么说？

S：那就选A：这是一个很好的建议。

T：对。请看第5题。“How about + 动词-ing”常用来提出建议。

S：因无法接受别人的建议，要表示抱歉，并说明原因。本题要用选项B：对不起，今晚我得开车送母亲回家。

T：你说得完全正确。接着我们看第6题。“Why don’t you + 动词原形”也常用来表示建议。

S：这题选A，对吗？

T：不对。选项A，回答过于直率，会令别人难以接受。正确选项是C：我想去，但没有足够的钱。

 

 

要点 3  同意/赞同和不同意/不赞同

 

常用句型及基本表达

A. 表示同意或赞同

Yes.

All right/OK.

Sure/Certainly/Of course.

Yes, I think so.

That’s a good idea.

I agree with you.

So do/did/can/am I.

Exactly.

I couldn’t agree with you more.

Me, too.

It sounds nice.

What a good idea!

That’s what I’m thinking of.

B. 表示不同意或不赞同

No, I don’t think so.

I’m afraid not.

I’m afraid I don’t/can’t agree with you.

 

典型试题解析

1. — I think Tom works harder than Bill.

—              

A. I’m glad to hear that.

B. I’m sorry for Bill.

C. I’m sorry, but I can’t agree with you.

D. Thank you for saying nice things for Tom.

2. —We should practise speaking English very often.

—              

A. Yes, we could.

B. That’s what I’m thinking of.

C. I wish I should.

D. With pleasure.

3. — Let’s go to a movie.

—              

A. The movie is excellent.                             B. What a good idea!

C. I have seen it.                                                 D. Where is the cinema?

4. — What a lovely day! Why not go swimming this afternoon?

—              

A. Because it's raining.                                  B. It sounds nice!

C. Why do you go swimming?                       D. Have a good time!

5. — I am pleased to hear that.

—              

A. You’re very kind.                                     B. Yes, and I don’t believe it.

C. Sure, I am.                                              D. Me, too.

6. —What a lovely day!

—              

A. Yes, isn’t it?                                           B. Really?

C. No, it isn’t.                                            D. I’m afraid not.

 

答案：

T：请看第1题：我看Tom比Bill工作更努力。如表示不赞同，该怎么说？

S：那该选C：对不起，我和你的看法不同。

T：对的。当你不赞同别人看法时，应表示遗憾。接着看第2题：我们应该多练习说英语。

S：表示赞同别人的看法该怎么说？

T：可以用选项B：That’s what I’m thinking of.这是表示完全赞同的一种说法。请看第3题：我们去看电影。

S：表示赞同，该选B：多好的一个主意！

T：是的。再看第4题：多好的天气！今天下午为何不去游泳？“Why not + 动词原形…?”也常用来表示建议。

S：本题用选项B：这主意听起来不错。

T：你说得对。请看第5题：听到这个我很高兴。

S：这题该用哪个选项？

T：用选项D：Me, too.（我也是）。表示看法相同的一种省略形式。再看第6题：多好的天气！

S：表示赞同，该用选项A：是的，真是好天气。

T：你说得对。

 

【扩展学习】

 

意愿和欲望

A. 表达意愿和欲望

I’m going to…

I’d like to…

I will…

I want/hope/intend/plan/wish to…

B. 询问意愿和欲望

Are you going to…?

Would you like to…?

Do you want to…?

Will you…?

 

1. —What do you want to do?

—              

A. No, I don’t want to do anything.                B. I want to watch TV for a change.

C. What do you want to do then?                   D. How about having a picnic?

2. —How long do you intend to stay?

—              

A. It is very important.                                 B. Once a week.

C. I’ll stay here for a long time.                            D. I’ll be here for two or three days at least.

3. —Do you want to stay here?

—              

A. Yes, I do.                                                B. I will.

C. Yes, I will.                                               D. Yes, I want.

4. —What are you going to do?

—              

A. I’m planning to take the job.                     B. Yes, I know.

C. Thank you for asking me that.                  D. No, I’m not going to do it.

 

答案：

1．B。I want to do sth.用以陈述某种意原。

2．D。上文问“你打算呆多久？”，下文回答“至少两、三天”。

3．A。Yes, I do.是Yes, I want to stay here.的一种省略说法。

4．A。上文问“你打算怎么办？”下文回答“我打算做这份工作。”

 

 

 

 

第四单元  请求同意/帮助、致歉、遗憾/同情和鼓励

 

【单元主要内容及目标】

本单元的主要教学内容及目标是：了解并掌握请求同意/帮助、致歉、遗憾/同情和鼓励的常用句型及基本表达方法。

 

【讲授】

 

要点1  请求同意/帮助

   

    常用句型及基本表达

A. 请求同意/帮助

May I…?

Can/Could I…?

I wonder if I could…/if it is possible to…

Would/Do you mind…?

B. 表示同意或愿意提供帮助

Yes/OK.

Sure/Certainly/Of course.

That’s all right.

Not at all.

Certainly not.

Of course not.

By all means.

Go ahead.

C. 表示不同意或无法提供帮助

I’m afraid…

I’m sorry…

You’d better not…

No, you may not.

I don’t think that’s possible.

        No, you may not.

 

典型试题解析

1. —May I play table tennis with Joe after class?

—              

A. No, you’d better not.                               B. No, you don’t have to.

C. Yes, you have to.                                     D. Yes, you play.

2. —May I have a hot dog?

—              

A. This is the second.                                          B. No, you may not.

C. No. A hot dog is full of nutrition.                D. Oh, it’s too hot.

3. —Excuse me, can I borrow your bike and keep it for two hours?

—              

A. Yes, please.                                              B. No, thanks.

C. Sure.                                                      D. Surely.

4. —Would you please to meet my friends now?

—              

A. Yes, I’d love to.                                       B. Nice to meet you.

C. It’s good.                                                D. How are you?

5.— Hello, may I talk to the director now?

—_________

A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment.         B. No, you can’t.

C. Sorry, you can’t.                      D. I don’t know.

6.— Do you mind my smoking here?

—_________

A. No, thanks.                           B. Yes, I do.

C. Never mind.                          D. Good idea.

7. — Can I borrow your camera for a couple of days?

  —             .

  A. Yes, you may borrow                                B. Yes, go on

C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey              D. It doesn’t matter

8. —May I ask you a question?

—              

A. Go ahead.                                              B. Yes, you may.

C. Sorry, but you may not.                           D. Tell me what your question is.

 

答案：

T：请看第1题：课后我可以和Joe打乒乓吗？本题是请求得到同意，如表示不同意，该怎么说？

S：选A，可以吗？

T：No, you’d better not.意为“不行，你最好别这样做。”这是表示“不同意，不允许”的一种说法。本题应该选A。再看第2题：我可以吃个热狗吗？

S：表示“不同意、不允许”，该用选项B。

T：是的。请看第3题：对不起，我可以借你的自行车用2个小时吗？

S：表示许可，选C。

T：你说得对。表示同意或许可，也可以说Certainly, Of course.接着看第4题：现在见一下我的朋友好吗？

S：表示同意，要用选项A：好，我愿意。

T：接着看第5题。本题也是请求同意。

S：如表示不接受请求，选C，行吗？

T：不行。这种过于直率的拒绝不符合西方人的表达习惯。正确选项是A：对不起，此刻他正忙着。再看第6题：你介意不介意我在这儿抽烟？

S：表示不介意，我想应该选C：Never mind。

T：错了。Never mind意为“没关系”，不是表示“不介意”的意思。正确选项是B：Yes, I do.（不，我介意）。再看第7题：我可以借你的相机用几天吗？

S：如表示欣然同意，选C：当然可以。给你，祝你旅途愉快。

T：再看第8题：我可以问你一个问题吗？

S：选项A：Go ahead是什么意思？

T：意思是“问吧”，表示同意，因而本题要用选项A。

 

 

要点 2  致歉

 

常用句型及基本表达

A. 表示致歉

Sorry.

I’m(very/so) sorry.

I’m sorry for/about…

Excuse me(for…)

I apologize for…

B. 表示接受对方的致歉

It’s/ That’s OK.

It doesn’t matter.

It’s/That’s nothing.

Don’t worry.

Never mind (about that).

It’s quite all right.

It/That’s all right.

Not at all.

 

典型试题解析

1. — I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

—                

A. Don’t mention it.                                      B. Not at all.

C. It doesn’t matter.                                     D. You are welcome.

2. — I’m sorry for breaking the vase.

—                

A. Never mind.                                            B. It’s an old vase.

C. I told you to be more careful.                           D. Don’t mention it.

3. — I'm sorry for being so forgetful.

—                

A. Don’t mind.                                            B. It isn’t matter.

C. Don’t always think about it.                      D. That’s all right.

4. — It’s not polite to ask a lot of questions.

—              

A. Oh, I don’t realize it.                                B. Thank you for your help.

C. I’m so sorry.                                                 D. But that will do me good.

5. —At last you have come!

—              

A. I’m glad to meet you.                               B.I hope you don’t mind.

C. Sorry to have kept you waiting.                D. Let’s go together.

6. —I’m sorry. I lost the bike.

—_________

A. Well, it’s OK.                        B. No, it’s all right.

C. You are welcome.                     D. You are wrong.

 

答案：

T：请看第1题：抱歉，让你久等了。

S：当别人向你致歉时，该说“没关系”。

T：是的。本题要用选项C：It doesn’t matter.再看第2题：对不起，我把花瓶打碎了。

S：那要宽慰别人，应该说“没关系”。

T：是的。本题要用选项A：Never mind.（没关系）再看第3题：对不起，我太健忘了。

S：本题要用选项D。That’s all right意思也是“没关系”。

T：你说得完全正确。英语中，表示“没关系”有多种说法，如It’s OK. No problem.等。请看第4题：问这么多问题不太礼貌。表示歉意，该怎么说？

S：选C：I’m so sorry.（真对不起）。

T：是的。请看第5题：你终于来了。话中显然带有不满的情绪。

S：那听话人得表示歉意。

T：你说得对。本题选C：对不起让你久等了。再看第6题：对不起，我把自行车给弄丢了。

S：如果不在意的话，应宽慰别人。

T：是啊。本题该选A：算了，没关系。

 

 

要点3  遗憾/同情和鼓励

 

常用句型及基本表达

A. 表示遗憾或同情

What a shame!

What a pity!

It’s a pity that…

That’s too bad.

Sorry.

I’m sorry to…

I’m sorry for/about…

A.     表示鼓励

Cheer up.

 

 

典型试题解析

1. — What’s wrong with your leg?

—While I was going downstairs, I fell down.

—              

A. It’s all right.                                             B. Don’t worry.

C. I’m sorry to hear that.                              D. Never mind.

2. — Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again!

—_________ This is not the end of the world.

A. Good luck.                            B. Cheer up.

C. Go ahead.                             D. No problem.

3. — My grandmother’s taken ill and I’ve got to go down to the hospital.

  —             .

  A. We’re going to the same place                   

B. Very sorry to hear it, I hope it’s nothing serious

C. Really?

D. Let me go with you

4. —Thank you very much for inviting me to dinner, but I’m afraid I won’t be able to come.

—              

A. It’s OK.                                                  B. That’s all right.

C. There’s nothing I can do about it.                     D. That’s too bad. Maybe some other time.

5. —Is it still possible to get tickets for tomorrow evening?

—              

A. The admission fee is 10 dollars.                 B. You have right to get it.

C. I’m sorry, they’re all sold out.                  D. You have enough money.

6. — Hurry up, please, or I’ll be late.

  —             .

  A. Sorry sir, but the traffic is thick now          B. Well, it’s alright, sir

C. How can you say that, sir?                        D. Oh, we are going the right way

 

答案：

T：请看第1题。当听说别人在下楼时，摔了下来，应该表示遗憾。

S：那该选C：I’m sorry to hear that。

T：你说得对。再看第2题：真难以置信，驾驶考试又没通过。

S：那该给予鼓励。

T：是啊。本题要用选项B：振作起来。这并不是世界之末日。言下之意，还是有希望的，不要沮丧。接着看第3题：我祖母病了，我得上医院去。

S：听说有人病了，应表示遗憾。

T：是的。但别忘了宽慰别人。正确选项是B：真遗憾，希望没事。再看第4题：谢谢你邀请我吃饭，但恐怕我去不了。

S：表示遗憾，应该选D：太遗憾了。也许可另找时间。

T：完全正确。请看第5题：还能买到明天晚上的票吗？

S：要是票已卖完，应表示遗憾。选C，对吗？

T：对。再看第6题：请快点，要不然我会迟到的。根据上下文，说话人是在催促司机把车开得快一点。

S：那么选A，对吗？

T：完全正确。The traffic is thick now 意思是“现在交通拥挤”。

 

 

【扩展学习】

 

请求同意/帮助

1.— May I see your tickets, please?

—_________

A. No, they are mine.                    B. No, you can’t.

C. Sure.                               D. Yes, you can.

2. —May I ask you a question?

—              

A. Go ahead.                                              B. Yes, you may.

C. Sorry, but you may not.                           D. Tell me what your question is.

3. — Do you mind if I take a couple of hours off this afternoon?

  —             .

  A. Never mind                                              B. Ok, but what for?

C. Yes, please help yourself                            D. Yes, but I don’t care

4. — Can I have a look at your passport?

  —            .

A. It is here               B. Here it is                   C. Here you are            D. No, you can’t

5. — Hello, may I talk to the manager about the price?

  —             .

  A. Sorry, he is out at the moment                  B. No, you can’t

C. Sorry, you can’t                                       D. I don’t know

6. — Mr. Chairman, could I raise a point about the plan?

  —             .

  A. Yes, Dr Smith                                          B. I think so, either

C. Yes, I hope not                                         D. No, I have no idea

7. — Do you mind if I join you?

  —             .

  A. I’m very happy to do so                                   B. Never mind

C. Please do                                                 D. Oh, I can’t

8.— May I use your bike for a moment?

—_________

A. It’s well.                              B. It doesn’t matter.

C. By all means.                          D. I have no idea.

9. —Excuse me, may I ask you a question?

—               

A. No, you  don’t.                                     B. Yes, you may ask.

C. Sure. What is it?                                    D. No, you may not.

10. — I’ll meet you outside the school in half an hour, OK?

—              

A. No, one hour later.                                  B. Yes, that’s fine.

C. OK, but I can manage.                                   D. No, I don’t think so.

11.— It’s rather cold in here. Do you mind if I close the window?

—_________

A. Yes, please.                          B. No, go ahead.

C. Sure, please.                         D. I don’t like it.

12. — Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?

   —            .

A. Yes, you may borrow                                B. Yes, go on

C. Yes, help yourself                                     D. It doesn’t matter

13. — Can I borrow your camera for a couple of days?

   —             .

  A. Yes, you may borrow                                B. Yes, go on

C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey              D. It doesn’t matter

14. —Would it bother you if I ask you a question?

—              

A. Never mind.                                           B. Not at all.

C. Yes, please.                                            D. Don’t mention it.

 

答案：

1．C。表示同意。

2．A。Go ahead意为“问吧”。

3．B。句意：你介意不介意今天下午我请几个小时假。Never mind作“没关系”解，与情境不符。What for询问请假原因。

4．C。表示同意。

5．A。拒绝请求要表示歉意，并说明原因。

6．A。上文问“主席先生，我可以就此计划提一点建议吗？”，下文答“好的，Smith博士”。

7．C。Please do意思是“Please join us”，表示同意。

8．C。By all means意为“当然可以”，等同于Sure, Certainly。

9．C。表示同意，并询问是什么问题。

10．B。Yes, that’s fine.表示同意。

11．B。No表示不介意，go ahead意为“关上窗吧”。

12．C。help your self作“你自己拿吧”解。

13．C。上文问“你可以借你的相机用几天吗？”，下文回答“当然可以，给你。祝你旅途愉快。”

14．B。上文问“麻烦你我想问个问题”，下文回答“一点不麻烦”。