1.    to generalize the gramma this week

 

Last week, I took a detailed note of the uses of auxiliaries.

In this week’s class, Beatrice lead the auxiliaries to an end and gave a brief introduction of infinitive.

Since Semi-auxiliaries was the key point this week, there is still a form which can explain the transformation rule :

 

		present	past	future
simple	It is said that sb. do sth. Sb. is said to do sth.	Do,does --to do	Did --to have done	Will do --to be doing
progreeive	It is said that sb. do sth. Sb. is said to do sth.	Am,is,are doing --to be doing	Was doing --to have been doing	Will be doing --to be doing
perfective	It is said that sb. do sth. Sb. is said to do sth.	Has / have done --to have done

 

 

 

2.    Chosen exercises

 

1.     Rephrase the following : using the semi-auxiliaries :

It is likely that he will let you down.

He is likely to let you down.

根据上面的那个表格，will do本应该改为to be doing的，但是这里的let sb. down是不能用作被动的，所以这题应该这样改。

 

2.   Rephrase the following : using the semi-auxiliaries :

He will certainly be there.

It is certain that he will be there.

根据上面的表格。主动转被动。

 

3.  Rephrase the following : using the semi-auxiliaries :

We were there by accident.

It happened that we were there.

主动转被动。By chance的意思是碰巧，转换过来用happen替换。

 

4.   Rephrase the following : using the semi-auxiliaries :

Seemingly they did not notice it.

It seemed that they did not notice it.

主动转被动，原句是过去时，所以用seemed。

 

5.  add “to ”where necessary :

Rather than ___/____run the risk of losing everything they accepted his term.

Rather than 作宁可……而不的解释，置于句首时，其后不带to的不定式。

 

6.       add “to ”where necessary :

I could do nothing but _____/_____pretend that I didi not know it.

在情态成语之后是跟不带to不定式的。

 

7.       add “to ”where necessary :

Don’t let there _____/_____be any noise.

在let, make, have等使役动词+ 宾语后用不带to不定式。

 

8.  add “to ”where necessary :

Why not _____/_____urge him to teconsider his decision?

在why… /why not… ? 的句式中，紧接why之后的不定式总是不加to 的。

 

9.   add “to ”where necessary :

Let things go _____/______hang.

在主动词加主动词的固定搭配的第一主动词后是不加to的不定式的，这里的go hang意思是：见鬼去吧。

 

10.   add “to ”where necessary :

All I’m trying to do is ____to____try to get this thing off the ground.

这里的all I’m trying to do是一个长主语，to在本句中是表意图的意思，因此要加to。

 

 

3.    Time for TEM—4

 

1.  Our association， which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled，will publish ____ proposals in the near future。

A。 their B。 our C。 his D。 its

Answer: D

本题考的是物主代词词，这里association是作为一个整体概念出现的，所以后面对应的形容词性物主代词也应该表示单数概念。

 

2. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam， she ____ much better results now。

A。 would be getting B。 could have got

C。 must get D。 would get

Answer: D

本句中的从句是对过去情况进行虚拟，省略了if，因此出现了倒装，但是主句中有now，所以还是对现在的虚拟。Get解释为得到时是瞬间动词，不用进行时态。

 

3.  Nine is to three _____ three is to one。

A。 when B。 that C。 which D。 what

Answer: D

这里的what引导的是方式状语从句。固定用法。

 

4.  Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak。

A。 for which B。 for that C。 in that D。 in which

Answer: C

状语从句题。In that意为因为，由于，引导原因状语从句。

 

5. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend， he had to stay behind to finish his assignment。

A。 Much though B。 Much as C。 As much D。 Though much

Answer: B

这里考的是让步状语从句。Much as是尽管的意思，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。

 

6. When you have finished with that book， don‘t forget to put it back on my desk， _____？

A。 do you B。 don‘t you C。 will you D。 won‘t you

Answer: A

这题是我比较搞的反义疑问句。复合疑问句的tag question应该反问主句部分，又因为主句部分是否定的，所以反义部分应该用表示肯定的will you。

 

7. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____。

A。 it could be B。 could be C。 it was D。 was

Answer: A

状语从句题。It could be表示在可能的情况下的意思，it指代前面提到的内容，符合此处的语义语法关系，所以选A。

 

8. The following are all correct responses to Who told the news to the teacher？ EXCEPT

A。 Jim did this。 B。 Jim did so。 C。 Jim did that。 D。 Jim did。

Answer: A

Jim did是jim did it的省略句，而so和that都可以指代前文中提到的内容，this通常指代下文内容。

 

9. Quality is ____ counts most。

A。 which B。 that C。 what D。 where

Answer: C

表语从句题。本句中缺少的是主语，that引导表语从句时不做成分，what区别于which的是不限定范围，这里没有提供什么选择，所以选C。

 

10.  In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language。

A。 would make B。 had made C。 made D。 makes

Answer: D

虽然莎翁已经过世了，但是这里为了表示一种生动或真实的叙述就用了一般过去时。

 

 

4.     the summary of this week’s learning

不定式的用法在以前的讲课中已经有所提及，所以接受起来不是那么的困难。老师给的那张表格在做题是都能套用，很好用，对于题目的正确性也有很大的好处。粗略的翻了下书，不定式的结构形式和用法又是个难题，有许多搭配需要我们去记住，加油加油！！！一定把这张拿下。