NOBEL PRIZES, a series of annual awards provided for by a fund of $9,200,000 in the will of Alfred Bernhard Nobel and by a gift from the Central Bank of Sweden. There are six classifications, to reward persons who have made outstanding contributions for the benefit of mankind in: (1) physiology or medicine; (2) physics; (3) literature; (4) chemistry; (5) peace; and (6) economics.

诺贝尔奖，遵照阿尔弗雷德·伯恩哈德·诺贝尔遗嘱中920万美元的一个基金和瑞典中央银行的一份礼物提供的一系列年度奖项。该系列有六个奖项，奖励在：（1）生理学或医学；（2）物理学；（3）文学；（4）化学；（5）和平；以及（6）经济学中为人类利益做出突出贡献的那些人。

Candidates for a prize must be recommended in writing by a duly qualified authority. Final decisions are made for physics, chemistry, and economics by the Swedish Academy of Science in Stockholm; for physiology or medicine, by the Caroline Institute in Stockholm; for literature, by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm; and for peace, by a committee from the Norwegian Storting. The awards usually are presented in Stockholm, with the king of Sweden officiating, annually on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. Each prize includes a gold medal, a diploma, and gift of money.

获奖候选人必须由有资格的权威以书面方式推荐。物理学、化学和经济学奖由斯德格尔摩的瑞典皇家科学院最终做出决定；生理或医学奖由斯德格尔摩卡罗琳学院决定；文学奖由斯德格尔摩瑞典皇家文学院决定；和平奖由挪威议会的一个委员会负责；这些奖项通常在每年的12月10日，阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔去世的纪念日，由瑞典国王主持，在斯德格尔摩颁发。每个奖项包括一枚金质奖章，一份获奖证书和一笔奖金。

                                                                       2023年7月15日译

（译者注：该词条位列《大美百科全书》1985年版，第20卷，第393页）