PMP每日10题
(2016-01-09 10:02:29)
标签:
pmp练习题杂谈 |
分类: PMP-国际项目管理认证 |
1:在一个产品开发项目期间,项目经理必须确定生产流程是否登记,项目经理必须决定生产流程是否稳定,项目经理应该回顾如下哪项?
During a product development project, the project manager must determine if the manufacturing process is stable, what should the project manager review?
A:控制图
Control chart
B:鱼骨图
Fishbone diagram
C:趋势图
Run chart
D:帕累托图
Paret chart
所属知识领域:项目质量管理。所属过程组:监控过程组。
解析:控制图用来确定一个过程是否稳定,或者是否具有可预测的绩效。
考点:控制图
出处:PMBOK2012 中 8.3.2.1及8.1.2.3。
2:在规划质量管理阶段,有必要确定如何测量新服务,以确保质量水平在可控范围内。可用的测量方法是?
During planning quality management, it is necessary to determine how the new service is to be measured to assure the quality levels are in control.
A:核对表
Checklists
B:质量测量指标
Quality metrics
C:散点图
Scatter diagram
D:实验设计
Design of experiments
解析:PMBOK2012 中 8.1.3.3质量测量指标是一种操作性定义,它用非常具体的语言,描述项目或产品属性以及质量控制过程如何对其进行测量。
选项A核对表是一种结构化工具,通常具体列出各项内容,用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已经执行。
选项C:散点图是实施质量控制的工具与技术,不在规划质量阶段。
选项D:实验设计(Design Of Experiment,DOE)是一种统计方法,用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量过程中使用 DOE,来确定测试的类别、数量,以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。
3:买方利用许多方法激励卖方尽早完成或者按照合同规定的时间表完成项目工作。其中一个方法是清偿损失额。从卖方的角度看,清偿损失额是什么形式的激励:
Buyers use a variety of methods to provide incentives to a seller to complete work early or within certain contractually specified time frames. One such incentive is the use of liquidated damages. From the seller’s perspective, liquidated damages are what form of incentive?
A:积极
Positive
B:消极
Negative
C:名义上的
Negative
D:造成风险的
Nominal
解析:当承包商不能遵守合同某些绩效或者送货要求而给买方造成损失时,对损失进行评估的合同条款。涉及到管理采购中的索赔管理。不遵守:赔偿;遵守:不奖励。因此,是一种消极的激励。
4:一项目面临可交付成果的重大变化。如果项目经理要决定哪些质量标准与该变化有关,那么项目经理必须也要参与:
A project is facing a major change to its project deliverable. If the project manager is involved in determining which quality standards are relevant to the change, the project manager must be involved in:
A:质量管理
quality management
B:实施质量保证
perform quality assurance
C:规划质量管理
plan quality management
D:控制质量
control quality
解析:虽然规划质量总是在编制项目计划时发生,但当发生变化时,它也可以在项目执行时进行。
5:一个矩阵式组织中的项目经理正在为一个新项目配备人员,并在组织的人员库中确定了一关键源。而该资源目前隶属于职能经理,并被分配到另一个项目上工作。项目经理应该使用什么技术?
The project manager in a matrix organization is starting a new project , and identified a critical resource in the organization's staffing inventory. This resource is currently working for the functional manager, and is committed to another project. What technical should the project manager use?
A:招募
Acquisition
B:事先指派
Pre-assignment
C:谈判
Negotiation
D:虚拟化
Virtualization
所属知识领域:项目人力资源管理。
所属过程组:执行过程组。
解析:组建项目团队时,需使用谈判这个工具与职能经理就某个关键资源进行谈判,在许多项目中,人员分派是通过谈判完成的,与职能经理谈判,确保项目能够在需要时获得具备适当能力的人员。
考点:组建项目团队的工具——谈判。
出处:PMBOK2012 中 9.2.2.2。
6:项目经理在与客户合作过程中出现了困难,项目完成后,客户称项目没有达到他们的满意水平。若要避免这种结果,项目经理应该在整个项目过程中怎么做?
The project manager experiences difficulties working with the customer. After the project is finished, the customer states that the project was nor completed to their satisfaction. What should the project manager have done throughout the project to avoid this outcome?
A:在项目的每一阶段告知客户他们的请求都已在执行
Advise the customer that their request are being implemented at each project phase
B:了解、评估、定义和管理客户期望
Understand,evaluate, define, and manage customer expectations
C:向客户发送技术规范,供客户审查和批准
Send the customer the technical specifications for review and approval
D:识别并更换项目团队中的责任方
Identified and replace responsible parties from the project team
解析:所属知识领域:11。所属过程组:执行过程组。解析:管理干系人参与是为满足干系人的需要而与之沟通和协作,并解决所发生的问题的过程。技术方案一般作为项目实施团队开发的依据,客户进行阶段验收或审查一般以产品验收标准和需求文件的功能规范为依据。考点:管理干系人参与。
出处:PMBOK2012 中 13.3。
7:市场动态发生变化,由于项目绩效不确定,项目发起人希望终止合同,项目经理和项目发起人应审查什么?
Market dynamics have changed. The project sponsor wants to terminate the project because of its uncertain performance. What should the project manager and the project sponsor review?
A:根本原因分析和技术问题的行动计划
A root cause analysis and an action plan for the technical issues
B:项目的技术和商务目标,可行性和盈利性
Project's technical and commercial goals, viability, and Profitability
C:修订项目需求的变更请求
A change request to modify the project requirements
D:对导致技术问题进行解释
Explanations of the process that caused the technical issues
所属知识领域:项目整合管理。
所属过程组:启动过程组。
解析:根据题意,发起人想要终止合同,项目经理应与发起人来审查项目章程的输入——进行商业论证的审查,并对项目的可行性、目标和可盈利性进行评估。
考点:执行项目章程的输入——商业论证、项目选择方法。
出处:PMBOK2012 中 4.1.1.2。
8:团队士气低落。团队成员之间存在严重冲突,多名团队成员同时发言,造成项目会议没有成效。团队处于下列哪一个发展阶段?
The team is experiencing low morale, and significant conflict exists between members. Project meetings are ineffective with multiple team members speaking at the same time.The team is in which of the following stages of development?
A:解散阶段
Adjourning
B:成熟阶段
Performing
C:震荡阶段
Storming
D:形成阶段
Forming
所属知识领域:项目人力资源管理。
所属过程组:执行过程组。
解析:建设项目团队的阶段中震荡阶段冲突较多,会议效果不太好,震荡阶段,团队开始从事项目工作,制定技术决策和讨论项目管理方法。如果团队成员对不同观点和意见不能采取合作和开放的态度,团队环境可能恶化成破坏性的。
考点:建设项目团队工具与技术——团队建设活动,管对建设阶段——震荡阶段。
出处:PMBOK2012 中9.3.2.3。
9:你的项目团队中有两名成员在过去几周的时间里一直在争论对于这个项目来说哪个项目管理软件最有效的问题,而你已经对他们的争论感到厌烦。因此,你决定要召集一次会议,借机看看他们能否在意见上求同存异,进而向着最佳的解决方案努力,并最终达成共识。你将使用下列哪种类型的争端解决方法?
Two of your team members have been arguing for the past several weeks about which project management software will work best for the project. You are tired of listening to them. So you decide to conduct a meeting to see whether they can reach consensus on the matter by identifying common points of agreement and striving for fair resolution. Which style of conflict resolution will you employ?
A:退步型
Withdrawal
B:缓和型
Smoothing
C:问题解决型
Problem solving
D:妥协型
Compromise
解析:注意:求同存异(努力争取解决问题,并没有说问题解决了)。
10:项目经理注意到有一个部门完成每个项目活动花费的时间都比计划长。到目前为止,这些活动/工作包都不在关键路径上,也没有影响到已经发生的关键链计划编制。项目经理担心关键链会出问题,因为接下来的5个关键路径活动中有4个要由该部门完成。项目经理打了3个电话,最后总算能和部门经理说上话了,项目经理想知道发生了什么。对话进行得很慢,因为两个人说的是不一样的母语,他们试着用法语—共同语言—讲话。为了使谈话更容易,项目经理总是让部门经理再说一遍。部门经理说,他的下属遵照一项公司政策,该政策要求2级测试。谈话中,部门经理还作
The project manager notices that project activities being completed by one department are all taking slightly longer than planned. To date, none of the Activities/work packages have been on the critical path, nor have they affected the critical chain planning that has occurred. The project manager is bothered by the critical chain problem, since four of the next five critical path activities are being completed by this department. After making three calls, the project manager is finally able to converse with the department manager to determine what is going on. The conversation is slow, because both speak different native languages and they are trying to converse in French, a shared language. To make communication easier, the project manager frequently asks the department manager to repeat back what has been said. The department manager communicates that his staff is following a company policy that requires two levels of testing. During the conversation, the department manager also makes a comment that leads the project manager to believe that the policy may include excessive work. This is the fourth time the project manager has heard such a comment. What is the BEST thing to do?
A:编制更好的沟通管理计划,要求该项目使用一种语言,并安排翻译随时候命
Create a better communications management plan that requires only one language to be the universal language on the project and have translators readily available on a moment's notice.
B:联系部门中其他的能更流利的说项目经理母语的成员,来确认部门经理的意见
Contact someone else in the department who speaks the project manager's native language better to confirm the department manager's opinion.
C:确认接下来的活动是否要重新估算
Find out if the upcoming activities should be re-estimated.
D:通过不断的改进存在问题的政策,提高执行机构的效率
Work on increasing the effectiveness of the performing organization by recommending continuous improvement of the policy in question.
解析:选项A和选项B是在解决沟通的问题,而这道题问的并非沟通的问题,因为项目经理通过“用法语”和“让部门经理再说一遍”已经解决了沟通的问题,并且对于该评论,项目经理也已经听到4次了,因此并非沟通的问题,所以选项A和选项B不正确。
选项C并没有找到问题的关键,问题的关键不是通过重新评估去变更计划,而是因为政策有问题影响执行的效率,所以选项C不正确。
选项D找到了问题的关键是政策,通过改进政策提高执行效率,所以选项D正确。