祈福正东方教育初一下

Unit 8 From hobby to career

英语

 

（广州用上海牛津版）

 

 一、课文再现

二、重点知识

三、知识详解

四、语法讲解

 

                               五、 单元同步重点知识检测

1. adverbial clauses of time (when)
2. used to, did not use to

 

 Unit 8  From hobby to career

 

My lifetime hobby—studying stars

By Patrick Moore

 

   When I was eight, I got a book about stars. That was the beginning of lifetime hobby.

   I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look velvet with a million diamonds on it. In different seasons, we saw different groups of stars. Sometimes we saw stars shooting brightly across the sky. How beautiful they were!

   Studying the stars was great fun for me. Once I learnt a little about them, I soon wanted to find out more and more. Now it is my career. I host a TV programme called The Sky at Night. I use my knowledge to tell people about the stars in a lively way. I am proud of my TV programme---it has lasted for more than 50 years!

   Actually, you can turn your hobby into your career too. Anybody can achieve their dreams. You just have to enjoy what you do!

 

p.114

   Jane was not very interested in animals when she was a child. Then, one day, he father gave her a toy chimpanzee. From that day on, she became really interested in animals.
    When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals. In Africa.
    Jane’s mother said, “If you really want something, work hard and never give up. Then you’ll find a way.”

     Jane's mother was right. When she was 26, Jane travelled from Britain to the mountains of East Africa. She studied chimpanzees. She watched the animals for a long time and they became her friends. Jane discovered that these animals greet one another with a kiss or a hug, and make and use tools-just like/as humans do.
    Jane Goodall is now well known all over the world. She made her dreams come true because she never gave up!

  当简还是一个小孩子的时候，她对动物不太感兴趣。后来有一天，她的父亲给了她一个玩具黑猩猩。从那天起，她变得对动物感兴趣了。

当她还是一个16岁的学生时，简梦想有一份在非洲研究野生动物的事业。

简的母亲说：“如果你真的想得到某个东西，就得努力工作，永不放弃。那样你才会成功。”

简的母亲说得对。当她26岁时，简从不列颠旅行到东非的高山。她研究黑猩猩。她长时间地观察动物，它们成了她的朋友。简发现这些动物以亲吻或拥抱的方式互相打招呼，并且制造和使用工具，就像人类一样。

 

                                我一生的爱好—研究星星

                                       -----帕特克.摩尔

        当我8岁的时候，我得到一本关于星星的书，那是我一生爱好的开始。

       我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈外出，看上面有着一百万颗钻石的天鹅绒。在不同的季节，我们看了不同组别的星星，有时我们看见星星明亮地射过天空，他们是多漂亮呀！

       研究星星对我来说太好玩了。曾经我学会了关于它们的一点，我不就想要找到越来越多的。现在它是我的职业。我主持了一个叫‘夜晚星空’的电视节目，我使用我的知识用一种活泼的方法去告诉人们关于星星。我以我的电视节目自豪—它已经持续50多年了。

       事实上，你也可以把你的爱好转化成你的事业。任何人都可以实现他们的梦想，但你必须喜欢你所做的事！

 

 

Unit 8  From hobby to career

Ⅰ. 短语（词组）

1.  事实上（adv）： actually =in fact

2.  decide to sth=make a decision to do sth

决定做某事

3. alone （adv）;独自

       1)alone只是陈述一个客观事实，意思是“独自一人”、“没有同伴或助手”，只用作表语。有时放在名词或代词后，表示“仅仅”、“只有”，可作形容词。例如：

He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在屋子里。

 

     2)另外，alone=by oneself 可用作副词，表示“独自地”、“单独地”。例如：

The boy can do it alone. 这男孩能单独做这事。

 

    3)lonely 则有浓厚的感情色调，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊时所发生的一种悲伤的和忧郁的感情，意思是“孤独”、“寂寞”，作形容词。例如：

I was alone, but not lonely. 我虽单独一人，但是并不寂寞。

      

        注意，lonely 有时也可作定语，一般只修饰表示地点的名词，如:

a lonely village一个偏僻的村庄.

a lonely island一座孤岛.

4. in the future  将来

   现在at present

5. go outside  外出；

    come inside 回来、进来

6. look like   看起来像...多指外貌

     be like    问性格、外貌

 

What's your sister like?你姐姐怎么样？/你姐姐是怎样一个人？

--She is kind.她很善良。

look like 问外貌

What does your sister look like?你姐姐长什么样子？
She is tall. She has long black hair. She is very beautiful.她个子很高。她有一头黑黑的长发。她很漂亮。

 

【区分】

   She looks like her mother.她看起来象她的妈妈。（外貌）

   She is like her mother.她象她的妈妈（性格）

 

词汇拓展

alike  adj.[常作表语]同样的, 相似的
These twins are very much alike.这对双胞胎非常相象。

alike   adv.同样地, 相似地
He treats all customers alike.他对所有的顾客都是一视同仁。

 

7. I soon wanted to find out more and more.    

 ------more and more 越来越

【扩展】

1）形容词比较级+比较级：

     It is getting hotter and hotter；

     The dog grows bigger and bigger

2）more and more+形容词原级：

    She becomes more and more beautiful.

    English is more and more interesting.

 

 

 

8.grow up 长大

【名词】grown-up：成年人

9. go sailing 去进行帆船运动；

go skiing;      

go swimming;     

go fishing;   

go sightseeing

go boating

 

 

10. be proud of

      = take pride in感到骄傲

11.    learn about 了解

12.    the beginning of ...  的开始、开端            【反义】the end of

 

13.    turn into      把...变成...

 

Ⅱ. 语法：

when引导的时间状语从句 & used to

 

一、when引导的时间状语从句

I.构成

When（当...的时候），可将两个分句连接在一个句子中，表示同时发生的两件事。

When引导的分句被称为“时间状语从句”，时间状语从句有两部分组成：

        Part A                         Part B

When I went out,     it started to rain.   

A部分为时间状语从句，B部分为主句。

 

    从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。当从句置于主句前时，从句之后应加逗号（，）。

 

When I went out, it started to rain.我出去的时候，天下起了雨。

II.用法

1.注意主句和从句时态上的一致性：

Mandy usually talks to her friends when she is on her way to school.曼迪上学的路上通常会和朋友聊天。

 

2.When引导的时间状语从句+祈使句：表示请求或申明规则。

When you see Jane, give her my regards.你见到简的时候，请替我问候她。

 

3.当描述将来发生的动作时，主句使用一般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时（类似if）

Barbara will be in Mexico when Jill is in New York.吉尔在纽约的时候，芭芭拉会在墨西哥。

【比较】

I will talk to you if I have time.如果我有时间，我会跟你说话。

  

二、used to+do

used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”，表示过去经常做或一直做而现在不做，它只用于过去时态。

 (一)肯定句式：

     主语+used to+动词原形……

I used to go to the cinema,but I never have time now.我过去经常去看电影，但现在没有时间了。

He used to be a young pioneer.

 (二)否定句式：

     主语+did not use to+动词原形……

You didn't use to drink.你过去不喝酒。

 (三)一般疑问句式：

   Did+主语+use to+动词原形……?

   --Yes, sb did./ No, sb didn’t.

例如：

Did you use to go swimming in the river when you were young?你小时候经常在河里游泳吗?

 

 (四) 知识拓展（常考点）

1.      be/get used to sth. / doing sth.

  意为"习惯、适应某事/做某事"，它表示习惯于某一客观事实或状态，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词；
　　Old people are used to getting up early in the morning.老年人习惯早晨很早起床。
　I wasn't used to city life, but now I have got used to living in this city.我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在我已习惯住在这座城市了。

 

   He is used to living in the south.

   They are used to eating rice.

 

2.   I use my knowledge to tell people about the stars.( 变为被动语态）

     My knowledge is  used to to tell people about the stars.

    This knife is used to cut fruits.

    That  knife is used to kill pigs.

 

    be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事"，其中use表"使用"之意，是被动语态形式，to是动词不定式符号。
　Wood can be used to make paper.树木可以用来造纸。

 

   （五）单元同步重点知识检测

 

  I . 考点练习

   A. 根据首字母提示完成句子，使句子句意、语法合理正确。

1. Who will be the h____for tonight’s program?

2. How long did the exam l____?

3. I’m not waiting for a_____.

4. Hard work will help you a__your goal.

5. Last week, a group of Class A students  d______  to go to the museum.

 

 B. 用正确的连词填空

1. ______ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been.

2. ______ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully.

3. It was already eight o’clock _____ we got there.

4. He learned to speak German _____ he was in Berlin.

5. He had learned Chinese ____ he came to China.

6. ______ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience.

7. I waited ______ he came back.

8. She likes everything to be in place ____ she starts to work.

9. The thieves ran away ___ they caught sight of the police. 

10. They decided to go back home ____ their money ran out.

 

 

I I. 用used to或be used to的正确形式填空。

 

1. He _____ the hot weather in summer in Nanjing.

2. There _____ be a beautiful park.

3. They ______ going to work on foot.

4. I ___ not ___ going out before lunch.  

5. We students ___ doing morning exercise every day.

6. My uncle ____ live in a big city but he ______ living in a village now.

7. I ____ get up late when I was in the middle school.

8. My sister loves her job very much and she _____ the lifestyle of an air hostess.

9. The child ____ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.

 

III. 翻译以下句子。

1. 我过去常常很粗心，现在我不会犯这样的错误了。

   I ___  ___   ___ careless, but now I won't make  ___   ___ mistake again.

   2. 我父亲曾在部队里干过。

     My father ____ ___ ____ in the army.

3. 他们不习惯吃蔬菜吗？

    ____ they used to ____ vegetables?