初二下册Unit 3 Traditional skills

（语法：被动语态)——正东方教育课件

 

 

八年级下Unit 3  Traditional skills检测题

 

Unit 3 Traditional skills（语法：被动语态）

 

一、找出Reading部分和Practice部分含有am/is/are done, was/were done, will be done的句子，并试着对句子进行翻译，发现其中的规律
Eg:

1. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Daming.
2. Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South-East China.
3. A music show will be held in the school hall at 4 p.m on Tuesday, 4 May.
   ......
        总结一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时被动语态的构成
一般现在时：_________________________
一般过去时：_________________________

一般将来时：________________________

 

二、被动语态的概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态

三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
Eg：

动语态

 We   visited  the factory  last summer.  主
主语     谓语           宾语               状语

 

被动语态

The factory  was visited  by us  last summer.  
       主语              谓语       宾语         状语

歌诀助记
主动语态变被动语态
口诀：

宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done,

时不变，数格必须随被变。
【注意】
1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。

1）Tom often give me gifts.  I am often given gifts by Tom.
2）We visited the factory last year.    The factory was visited by us last year.
3）He read the novel. The novel was read by him.
4）We will plant a lot of trees on the hill next year.      A lot of trees will be planted by us on the hill next year.

2.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
He puts the books on the desk.    

The books are put on the desk by him.
3. 省略by短语的几个条件
1）不知道、没有必要说出动作执行者时。 Rice is grown well there。
2）强调说明动作的承受者时。   I was sent to teach them English.
3）汉语中有“据说，大家说”等时。   It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.

 

四、被动语态的使用条件
1. 不知道动作由谁发出

Three people were injured in the traffic accident.
2. 由于某种原因没有必要说明动作的发出者。

 This book was published in 2000.
3. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。

This play was written by Shakespeare.

跟踪练习
1. My homework ________an hour ago.    

 A. finish    B. finished     C. was finished
2. The shoes _________ in Guangdong.    

A. make   B. are made   C. made
3. Lots of trees ___________in the forest last year.  ( plant )
4. Lucy borrowed a book yesterday.   （变为被动语态）
__________________________________________________________

 

五、句型转换
1. My homework was finished two hours ago.
否定句_____________________________
一般疑问句_____________________________
肯定回答_____________________________
否定回答_____________________________
2. The shoes are made in Guangdong.
否定句_____________________________
一般疑问句_____________________________
肯定回答_____________________________
否定回答_____________________________
3. The volunteers will be sent to Africa to help the people there.
否定句_____________________________
一般疑问句_____________________________
肯定回答_____________________________

否定回答_____________________________
4. The bridge is going to be built by the worker next year.
否定句______________________________________________________
一般疑问句__________________________________________________
肯定回答____________________________________________________
否定回答____________________________________________________

 

Homework
一、造句. 用“the workers build the bridge”造一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的句子，并改成被动语态，并对含被动语态的句子进行句型转换。
1. 一般现在时
主动句___________________________
被动句___________________________
否定句___________________________
一般疑问句___________________________
肯定回答___________________________
否定回答___________________________
2. 一般过去时
主动句___________________________
被动句___________________________
否定句___________________________一般疑问句___________________________

肯定回答___________________________

否定回答___________________________
3. 一般将来时
主动句___________________________

被动句___________________________
否定句___________________________
一般疑问句___________________________
肯定回答___________________________
否定回答___________________________

二、句型转换
1. He didn’t go for a walk after dinner any more. (改为同义句)   He __________ ___________ went for a walk after dinner.
2. I know him, but I don’t know where he lives. (改为同义句)   _________ I know him, I don’t know where he lives.
3. I’ll call you as soon as I arrived in HK. (改为同义句)        I’ll call you as soon as I _________ in HK.
4. When did he set out last night?  (改为同义句)              When did he _______ _________ last night?
5. She put the camera on the bed just now. （改为被动语态 ）The camera _________ __________on the bed by her just now.

三、单项选择
(   )1. That building           now.   

A. is building           B. is built     

C. is being built      D. builds
(   )2. The trees in our school       every Friday afternoon .
A. are watered         B. are watering     

C. have watered       D. water
(   )3. Yesterday a visitor       something about his hometown .
A. was asked      B. was asking     

C. is asked           D. asked
(   )4. Paper       first invented in China .   A. is     B. are    C. was    D. Were
(   )5. He arrived in Beijing, where he _____ his friend.  

A. was met by     B. was met  

C. was meeting   D. met by
(   )6. The mistakes in the exercises will _____ the teacher.
A. cross                    B. be crossing 

C. be crossed by   D. cross by
(   )7. Each year quiet a lot of food _______ around the world.It’s really time for us to do something.
 A. was wasted     B. is wasted    

 C. wasted              D. will be wasted
(   )8. It is said that a new museum ________ in our city next year.
A. builds               B. is building   

C. will be built    D. was built
(   )9. Flowers _______ along the road last year.
A. plant                  B. planted   

C. are planted     D. were planted
(   )10. Annie ____ to the party. She had a good time.
A. invites              B. is invited    

C. was invited     D. has invited

四、阅读理解
     Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don't agree with them.
    Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources（资源）， we are short of（缺乏） others， for example， fresh water（淡水）。 It is reported that we will have no coal（煤） or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources， what can we use in the future and where can we move？ Think about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
    In our everyday life，we can do many things to prevent waste from happening，for example，turn off the water taps（水龙头） when we finish washing， turn off the lights when we leave the classroom，try not to order more food than we need，and so on. Little by little，everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day，if we do our best.

1. From the passage we know that some students often _______ in the school.
A. eat too much   B. don't work hard      

C. waste things     D. throw rubbish everywhere
2. Which is not mentioned in this passage？   

A. Fresh water         B. Forest.    

C. Oil.                           D. Coal.
3. What may happen in 100 years？
A. We may still have enough oil.      

B. We may still have enough coal.
C. We may have a little oil.            

D. We may have no coal or oil to use.
4. Which of the following is right？
A. Waste brings problems.              

B. Waste can bring no problem.
C. China is rich in fresh water.       

D. Students never waste things.
5. Which is the best title of this passage？
A. Stop Wasting                        

B. School life
C. Waste in the School              

D. Rich Resources in China

五、完型填空
       Kites are made of thin sticks and paper.Most people have   1   a kite up and down in a strong March  2     or haveflown one.But   3      people know that the Chinese were making and flying kites even   4       people could write.
    A long time past，the Chinese made kites to   5      them in the fight against the enemies（敌人）.They would fly these kites in the  night.The  kites were made   6   from the others and when they flew they made   7     .The enemies were afraid and   8  .They thought those strange sounds were made by gods（神）in the sky.
    The Chinese people also flew kites to    9   good luck and to make their crops tall and rich.Sometimes they would flythe kites    10    the water，pulling hooks（钩）hung  down to  catch fish.
1. A.flown   B.seen    C.made   D.kept
2. A.clouds B.month C.wind      D.weather
3. A.a lot of  B.too many C.so little         D.not so many

4. A.before B.until     C.when      D.because
5. A.put         B.kill      C.help      D.pass
6. A.bigger B.different C.smaller       D.bright
7. A.strange sounds B.heavy rain

     C.strange lights       D.strong wind

8. A.felt pleased        B.waited for 

    C.looked at them       D.ran away
9. A.find     B.bring     C.try       D.take
10. A.in         B.towards   C.over      D.on    
                                                     

 

八年级下Unit 3  Traditional skills检测题

二、单项填空（每小题1分，满分10分）
21. Our Chinese teacher told us        interesting story and        story was about Thomas   
Edison.
   A. an；a   B. the；the   C. a；the    D. an；the
22. —How did your uncle learn to play the guitar？
    —By _______.
   A. myself   B. yourself   C. herself    D. himself
23. My mother enjoys making paper cuttings. It’s one of her _______.
   A. prize   B. prizes    C. hobby    D. hobbies
24. —_______does your father play tennis after work?
—Every Tuesday and Thursday.
A. How often  B. How soon   C. Where    D. Why
25. Tony never spends money in buying books _______ he doesn’t like reading.
A. but   B. because   C. though    D. until
26. —What was Jim wearing at the party?
—Nothing _______ . He was in his usual shirt and jeans.
A. special   B. simple    C. important   D. interesting
27. Have you ever known the mobile phone has a _______ history? It is said that the world’s
first mobile phone was made in the 1970s.
A. long   B. fresh    C. colourful   D. different
28. He _______ an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
A. protected  B. produced   C. joined    D. received
29. It only _______ him 20 minutes _______ to his office every day.
A. takes；to drive B. took；drive   C. takes；drive  D. took；to drive
30. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _______ in a short time.
A. can be learned B. has been learned  C. can learn   D. has learned
三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）
The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the  31  and the sun off the people. Most umbrellas can be folded up（折叠）so it is  32   to carry them.
However，the umbrella has not always been as  33   as it is now. In the past，it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this  34  . Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.
 Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to  35   umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3，000 years ago. From there，umbrellas  36   to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome， 37   wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.
England was  38   the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very   39   and umbrellas are very useful.
Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you  40   one，thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them，you’ll feel you are important people，too.
31. A. rain   B. cloud   C. air   D. water
32. A. lovely   B. cheap   C. hard   D. easy
33. A. light    B. heavy   C. common   D. special
34. A. way    B. size    C. reason   D. place
35. A. discover  B. use    C. examine   D. discuss
36. A. walked   B. travelled  C. rode    D. flew
37. A. children   B. parents  C. men   D. women
38. A. probably  B. already   C. suddenly  D. immediately
39. A. sunny    B. rainy    C. snowy   D. windy
40. A. sell   B. return   C. borrow  D. carry 
四、阅读理解（每小题2分，满分20 分）
A
Fifty-three years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of toys. Since then, Barbie doll, as everyone called her, has become the most successful toy doll in history. Her parent, the Mattel Company, said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.
However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present(现在). There are many similar dolls on the market in competition with her. Another doll named Bratz, for example, came to life thirteen years ago. She looks more like today’s pop stars with heavy makeup(浓妆) and miniskirts. And her company offers more kinds of clothes too.
It seems that Barbie has lost her magic among older girls. “For younger girls, playing with a Barbie is much fun. But when you get older, you want something smarter and more modern,” says Vera Shepherd, a shop assistant in a New York toy store.
It is good news that on the international market, Barbie is still No.1. Although Mattel is selling fewer Barbies in the United States these years, sales in other countries are still going up. In January 2009, Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai, where girls can shop, eat, drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbies.
Mattel is planning big celebrations for Barbie’s 53rd birthday. Fashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new dresses for Barbie. How long will Barbie stay popular in the world of toy dolls? It is hard to say, but 53 is surely not the age to retire（退休）.
41. Barbie’s family name is       .
   A. Roberts   B. Millicent   C. Shepherd  D. Bratz
42. Barbie’s trouble is that       .
   A. it wears heavy makeup and miniskirts
   B. other dolls are more popular with little girls
   C. other dolls are trying to beat her in the market
   D. it has become less popular in the international market
43. Girls can do the following in the first Barbie shop in Shanghai except       .
   A. going shopping     B. having food
   C. drinking juice     D. taking photos
44. What’s the meaning of the underlined words “ fashion designers” in the passage?
   A.珠宝设计师       B.发型设计师
   C.舞台设计师       D.服装设计师
45. What is the best title of the passage?
   A. First Barbie Shop in Shanghai   B. Barbie’s Past and Present
   C. Barbie’s 53rd Birthday Party   D. Barbie Lost Her Magic
B
Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print?
Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk，cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days，books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result，they were expensive and rare. And because there weren’t many books, few people learned to read.
Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that，knowledge and ideas spread quickly.
Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players.
Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I don’t think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two metres high！
46. What does the writer do before he goes to sleep?
A. He reads books.
B. He reads newspapers.
C. He looks through magazines.
D. He looks at the posters on the wall.
47. When was paper first created?
A. About 2,000 years ago.   B. In the 19th century.
C. About 1,000 years ago.    D. In the 11th century.
48. Why were books expensive and rare before the invention of printing?
A. People could not read.
B. People could not write words on paper.
C. People could not find silk，cotton or bamboo.
D. People could only produce books one at a time by hand.
49. What happened after books became cheaper?
A. People didn’t want to buy books.
B. Printing was invented in China.
C. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.
D. The Internet was introduced to people soon.
50. What is the writer’s opinion about books and computers?
A. People won’t need books any more.
B. Books won’t be replaced by computers.
C. People prefer to find information in books.
D. Computers have already replaced books.
五、句型转换（每小题2分，满分10分）
51. Chen Ping can make beautiful paper cuttings.（改为否定句）
Chen Ping                 beautiful paper cuttings.
52. Peter often helps in the house at the weekend.（改为一般疑问句）
            Peter often          in the house at the weekend?
53. Kate usually cleans her bedroom every two days.（就画线部分提问）
                   does Kate usually clean her bedroom?
54. My sister usually walks to school every morning.（改为同义句）
My sister usually goes to school                 every morning.
55. More and more people speak Chinese in the world.（改为被动语态）
Chinese                 by more and more people in the world.
六、根据汉语意思完成句子（每小题2分，满分10分）
56.他把这项传统技能很好地描述了出来。
   He made a good         of this                .
57.一切都准备好了吗？
           you               everything?
58.这项工作需要极大的耐心。
   This job        great patience.
59.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
 Eating more vegetables                         your        .
60.我非常喜欢那只可爱的洋娃娃。
 I like that                very much.
七、书面表达（满分15分）
以“A traditional skill”为题，谈一谈你认为重要的一项传统技能。要求：词数80左右。
A traditional skill
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
Unit 3 Traditional skills检测题参考答案
21.D 句意：“我们的语文老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，这个故事是关于托马斯•爱迪生的。”表示“一个”用不定冠词a或an，interesting的读音是以元音音素开头，要用an；表示上文已经提到，下文再次提到的人或事物的名词前要用定冠词the。故选D。
22.D 上句句意：“你叔叔是怎样学弹吉他的？”答语是一个省略句，完整的句子应为“He learnt to play the guitar by himself.”。learn...by oneself意为“自学……”，oneself应与主语一致，本句主语为he，故反身代词用himself。
23.D one of后接名词的复数，表示“……中的一个”，故排除A、C两项；prize“奖品”，hobby“爱好”，剪纸是一种爱好，故选D项。
24. A how often“多久一次”，提问频率；how soon“多久以后”，提问“in+一段时间”；where“在哪里”，提问地点；why“为什么”，提问原因。由答语“每个星期二和星期四”可知问句是提问频率。故选A。
25. B 句意：托尼从不花钱买书，……他不喜欢读书。but但是；because因为；though虽然，尽管；until直到。根据前后句的意思可知，后面是原因，故选B。
26. A special“特别的”；simple“简单的，简朴的”；important“重要的”；interesting“有趣的”。由答语中的“He was in his usual shirt and jeans.(他穿着他平时的衬衫和牛仔裤)”可知此处意为“没什么特别的”。故选A。
27. A long“长的”；fresh“清新的”；colourful“色彩鲜艳的”；different“不同的”。结合下句“据说世界上第一部手机是在20世纪70年代被制造的”可知，手机的历史已经很长了，故用long。
28. C protect“保护”；produce“生产”；join“加入”；receive“收到”。句意为“去年他加入了一个英语俱乐部并且他的英语提高了很多”。故选C。
29. A It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，由every day可知时态是一般现在时。
30.A 结合语境可知句意应为“多亏了互联网，不同种类的信息能够在很短的时间内被知道”。故此处应用被动语态，can be learned意为“能够被知道”。故选A。
31.A rain“雨”；cloud“云”；air“空气”；water“水”。由常识可知，伞能为人们挡雨遮阳。
32.D lovely“可爱的”；cheap“便宜的”；hard“辛苦的”；easy“容易的”。由前面的“大多数伞能被折叠起来”可知“因此它们容易携带”。
33.C 由下文“在过去，它是重要地位的象征”可知前句意为“然而，伞并不总是像现在这样平常”。
34.A 下句为“有人拿伞走在国王或大人物的后面”，因此前句应为“一些非洲国家仍然如此使用伞”。
35.B 本题考查动词辨析。discover“发现”；use“使用”；examine“检查”；discuss“讨论”。由句意“世界上不同地区的人们在不同的时代开始使用伞”知B项正确。
36.B walk“步行”；travel“传播”；ride“骑”；fly“飞”。句意：伞从那里传到了印度和埃及。
37.C 由下文“他们认为伞只是给女士用的”可知“在希腊和罗马，男士不用伞”。故C项正确。
38.A 本题考查副词辨析。probably“可能”；already“已经”；suddenly“突然”；immediately“立即，马上”。句意：英国可能是欧洲第一个平民用伞来遮雨的国家。
39.B sunny“晴朗的”；rainy“多雨的”；snowy“多雪的”；windy“多风的”。由常识可知英国是多雨的。
40.D 本题考查动词词义辨析。sell“卖”；return“归还”；borrow“借入”；carry“携带”。句意：下次你带伞的时候，想想几个世纪以来只有大人物和女士使用，你会感到你也成了大人物。
41.A 由文章第一句可知，Barbie的全名是Barbie Millicent Roberts。按英语习惯，family name放在最后。故选A。
42.C 由文中However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present（现在）. There are many similar dolls on the market in competition with her.可知，芭比娃娃面临的问题是：有许多相似的娃娃在市场上与她竞争。故选C。
43.D 由文中...Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai, where girls can shop, eat, drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbies.可知，没有包含taking photos。故选D。
44.D 由画线单词所在句的句意可知fashion designers是“服装设计师”的意思。
45.B 通读全文可知，文章是按照时间的顺序，讲述了芭比娃娃的过去和现在。故选B。
46.D 根据文章第一段的And every night, I look at the posters...before I go to sleep.可知，作者在睡觉前会看卧室墙上的海报。故选D。
47.A 根据文章第二段的Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago ...可知，纸张是在大约2 000年前被发明的。故选A。
48.D 根据文章第二段的But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand.可知，书昂贵且稀少的原因是古代手工技术的限制。故选D。
49.C 根据文章第三段的After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.可知，自从书变得便宜之后，知识和思想的传播变得迅速起来。故选C。
50.B 根据文章最后一段的No, I don’t think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two metres high!可推知作者认为书本不会被电脑取代。故选B。
51. can’t make  52.Does, help  53. How often  54. on foot 55. is spoken
56. description, traditional skill 57. Are, ready for 58. requires 59. is good for, health
60. lovely doll
One possible version:
A traditional skill
There are many kinds of traditional skills in China and we are proud of these skills. I’d like to tell something about a traditional skill—handwriting.
Handwriting is an important skill. We should try our best to write beautiful Chinese characters. However, with the development of the Internet, more and more people use computers to write things instead of using pens. In my opinion, even though much less people can write beautiful Chinese characters than before, people still respect those who can write beautiful Chinese characters more.
I hope that Chinese handwriting will be protected and inherited. We should pay more attention to our own handwriting.