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中文注释　　English

　　苏舜钦（1008-1048），字子美，北宋诗人。

　　①犊头——淮河边上一个地名，地点不详。
　　②幽花——野花。
　　③古祠——古庙。

　　这首小诗题为“晚泊犊头”，内容却从日间行船写起，后两句才是停滞不前船过夜的情景。
　　诗人叙述中所见的景象说：春云布满天空，灰蒙蒙地笼罩着淮河两岸的原野，原野上草色青青，与空中阴云上下相映。这样阴暗的天气、单调的景色，是会叫远行的旅人感到乏味。幸而，岸边不时有一树野花闪现出来，红的，黄的，白的，在眼前豁然一亮，那鲜明的影像便印在你的心田。

　　阴云，青草，照眼的野花，自然都是白天的景色，但说是船行所见，何以见得呢？这就是“时有幽花一树明”那个“时”字的作用了。时有，就是时时有，不时地有。野花不是飞鸟，不是走兽，怎么能够一会儿一树，一会儿又一树，不时地来到眼前供人欣赏呢？这不就是所谓“移步换形”的现象，表明诗人在乘船看花吗？

　　天阴得沉，黑得快，又起了风，眼看就会下雨，要赶到前方的码头是不可能的了，诗人决定将船告岸，在一座古庙下抛锚过夜。果然不出所料，这一夜风大雨也大，呼呼的风挟着潇潇的雨，飘酒在河面上，有声有势；河里的水眼见在船底迅猛上上涨，上游的春潮正龙吟虎啸，奔涌而来。诗人呢？诗人早已系舟登岸，稳坐在古庙之中了。这样安安闲闲，静观外面风雨春潮的水上夜景，岂不是很快意的吗？

　　我们欣赏这首绝句，需要注意抒情主人公和景物之间动静关系的变化。日间船行水上，人在动态之中，岸边的野草幽花是静止的；夜里船泊牧犊头，人是静止的了，风雨潮水却是动荡不息的。这种动中观静，静中观动的艺术构思，使诗人与外界景物始终保持相当的距离，从而显示了一种悠闲、从容、超然物外的心境和风度。

  Su Xiqin(1008-1048)was a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty.He wrote this short poem to describe his night mooring at Dutou,a unknown place at the Huai River in south China.

  Although his poem entitled"Night Mooring at Dutou",he actually began his verse by telling his experience of the river journey in the day time.With the dark and dull clouds over head enveloping the vast land along the Huai River,the traveler on a long journey felt rather bored.Fortunately,by contrast to the monotonous tone of the clouds,the occasional appearance of charming flowers and green trees along his boat trip cheered him up.As it was getting dark and windy,and the rain would soon come,the poet had to moor his small boat at an old temple on the river bank for the night.Sure enough,it rained heavily with strong winds throughout the night while the water level kept rising continously.As the Spring tides were building up strength at the upper reaches,the poet was sitting leisurely in the temple and watching quietly the night view of the heavy rain,strong wind and surging currents of the Spring season.