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中文注释　　English

　　孔尚任（1648-1718），字季重，号云亭山人，孔子的后代，清代戏剧家和诗人。他的剧作《桃花扇》，至今还被改编上演。
　　①北固山——在江苏镇江市北，北临长江。
　　②铁瓮——镇江城的别名。
　　③落晖——夕阳。
　　④趋——快步向前。

　　秋高气爽，夕阳西下，正是登山游览的极好时刻。诗人兴致勃勃地来到镇江城北，登上北固山头，坐下来，要好好欣赏一番这江畔山城的壮丽景色。

　　山城全貌历历可见。四面高山环绕，孤城坐落其中，简直就像陷在瓮底一样。人们把镇江称作“铁瓮”，真是名不虚传。最壮观的还是北面的大江。万里长江千回百转奔向东方，到这里已临近漫漫征途的尽头，马上要做最后冲刺了。看吧，汹涌澎湃的江水，卷起滔滔大波，掠过山脚，直向大海而去。诗人注视着，凝望着，无意中一抬头，啊，头上青天正向着夕阳，向着西方飞动呢！

　　青天西飞，不过是诗人一刹那间的错觉，但这错觉却真切地表现了诗人当时面对大江头晕目眩的感受，反衬出长江波澜壮阔、一泻千里的迅猛气势。

  Kong Shangren(1648-1718),said to be a descendant of Confucius,was a famous dramatist and poet of the Qing Dynasty.His play"Peach Blossom Fan",a famous Chinese drama script,is still performed on stage even now.

  Autumn is the best season for outing in the mountain.One evening,Kong went up to the Beigu Mountain near Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province.He sat down by the river to appreciate the charming views of the mountain city.

  From the peak of the mountain,he saw the lonely city was surrounded by hills as if located on the bottom of an iron jar(Zhenjiang City also known as iron jar).He sat on the top of the mountain against a backdrop of twilight.Before him,the billows of the river were surging east towards the vast sea,and over his head,the blue sky was flying west to wards the setting sun."The blue sky flying west"was a sudden illusion the poet had as a result of watching the rolling waves of the river.However,he used this illusion deliberately and successfully to give a vivid expression of the swift and billowy river.