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中文注释　　English

　　曾公亮（998-1078），字仲明，北宋大臣，曾举荐王安石，一同担任宰相。

　　①甘露僧舍——甘露寺，在江苏镇江北固山上。
　　②壑——山谷。

　　镇江甘露寺，坐落在大江南岸的北固山顶，从上面可以俯视整个山城。这一夜，诗人来寺中借宿，亲身领略了这江边山城最高处的奇观。

　　“枕中云气千峰近，床底松声万壑哀。”所谓“千峰”、“万壑”，固然是诗家的夸张，但镇江城外确有群山环绕，那山峰全比北固山低矮得多，宛然在向甘露寺跪拜。诗人在室内高枕而卧，感到凉意渐重，湿气渐浓，睁在眼睛看去，满屋都是缭绕的云雾。云雾从哪里来？难道是从枕头里吗？不，它们来自附近的群山，刚从峰顶冒出就飞上这佛寺，透过窗纱来与客人嬉戏了。而且，入夜以来，山下松林中风声四声，乍听就像从床底发出。夜越来越静，松声也越来越响，疑是无数山谷在同时哀吟，呜呜咽咽，悲悲切切，听起来好慎人哪！

　　尤为惊心动魄的，是那轰轰隆隆片刻不息的江声。在这月明之夜，江面上那汹涌澎湃、滚滚而来的滔滔巨浪，定然是非常雄伟、非常壮丽的吧？“要看银山拍天浪，开窗放入大江来。”诗人伸手拉开西窗，正要探头去看，啊，竟被那银浪拍天的大江一下子撞进来，看形势，怕是早想排窗而入了。

　　诗的前两句，写云绕枕边、松鸣床底，写下面千峰万壑，烘托佛寺处在北固山顶，山势高峻；后两句写银浪如山、拍天而上，写大江涌入窗口，显示佛寺处在长江之滨，水势宏阔。凭山临水，水阔山高，甘露寺所以成为天下名胜。再者，写云气、松声，是在“松中”、“床底”，写银浪、大江，先说“要看”、“开窗”，无不联系着诗人夜宿的环境和心理。甚而至于连山谷、江浪也像人类一样有着情感和作为。情和景水乳交融，物与我浑然一体，不单写出甘露僧舍的非凡景象，而且抒发了诗人夜宿时的新奇感觉和豪迈激情。

　　还有一点值得注意。诗人写云气、松声都来到寝榻之前，除表现山势之高、景色之奇，还有其独特用意，就是渲染甘露僧舍远离红尘的环境特色。云和松，都象征心神的纯洁静穆，在诗歌中写方外人，无论和尚、道士，往往是与白云苍松为邻的。

  Zeng Gongliang(998-1078)was a prominent minister of the Northern Song Dynasty.He recommended Wang Anshi,a politician and poet,to serve with him as prime ministers(in ancient imperial courts,there could be more than one prime minister).

  This poem was written by Zeng at the Sweet-Dew Monastery on the top of the Beigu Mountain.The Mountain is located on the south bank of the Yangtze River near Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province.While staying over night at the Monastery,the poet was fascinated and impressed by the spectacular view and unique experience that he got at the top of the Mountain.He shared with the readers what he had seen and felt there in this poem.

  The poet was feeling colder and wetter while sleeping in bed.Opening his eyes,he found the bedroom was full of mist as if it were coming from under his pillow.No!it was coming from the adjacent hills.He heard the soughing of the wind blowing through the pine forests as if the sound were coming from under his bed.As the night was getting quieter,the soughing was getting louder everywhere as if all the valleys were wailing at the same time.More disturbing was the sound of the billowy river.Wouldn's it be wonderful to see the billows of the surging river under the bright moonlight?Gigantic waves rushed into his room once he opened the window as if they were waiting outside anxiously for this very moment!

  His description of the night view at the Monatery was original and vivid with some poetic exaggerations.By using the metaphors such as the mist coming from nearby hills was from under his pillow and the soughing of the wind blowing through the pine forests in the valleys was from under his bed,one might well imagine how high the place was.He also personified the river when he said the gigantic waves were watiting outside his window for the opportunity to rush in.He had in these verses achieved successfully a harmonious blend of describing the spectacular night view and expressing his personal feeling.