1.1.1.1  Synonymy 同义现象

To let the students illustrate synonymy让学生举例：同义现象

Syno`nymy: refers to the sameness or close similarity of meaning. Words are close in meaning are called synonyms.同义现象是指意义的相同或极为相近。意义相近的词称为同义词

Tyeps of synonymy

Dialectal synonyms ---- synonyms used in different regional dialects.方言同义词。

Stylistic synonyms ----- synonyms differing in style 文体同义词----文体上存在差异的同义词

Synonyms that differ in their emotive or evaluative meaning情感或评价意义存在差异的同义词

Collocational synonyms搭配同义词 群：a group of people; a herd of wolves; a swarm of bees

Semantically different synonyms 语义上存在差异的同义词

Surprise, astonish, 惊讶，惊喜 finish, complet

1.3.2.2  Polysemy 多义现象

One word may have more than one meaning.一词可以有多个意思。Charge, current

Historically speaking, polysemy can be understood as the growth and development of a change in the meaning of words.从历史角度来说，多义现象可以被理解为词义的增长。 

1.3.2.3  Homonymy 同音异义

Homonymy: refers to the phenomenon that words having different meaning have the same form. i.e. different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both. 同音异义是指某些词的意义不同，但具有相同形式的现象，即不同的词在发音或拼写上一样，或发音和拼写都一样。

Homophones: when two words are identical in sound.同音异义：两个词的读音相同。Leak, leek, peace, piece.

Homograph: when two word are identical in spelling.同形异义：两个词拼写相同。（注：读音不同哟， 在书上注音）

Tear, 眼泪tear撕破

Complete homonyms: when two words are identical in both sound and spelling.完全同音异义：两个单词拼写和读音完全相同。

Fast, fast, 只是词性不同，词义也不同。