有关奥巴马在宣布建立微型金融基金的英文报导中提到:该基金的目的是支持微型金融机构和微型金融投资工具(The
fund will provide stable medium- and longer-term sources of finance
to microfinance institutions and microfinance investment vehicles
to help rebuild their capacity to lend during this difficult
period)。
于是有人问我:什么是MIVS(Microfinance
Investment Vehicles)? 我解释如下:
在金融领域,投资工具(Investment vehicles)
是指任何可以用于投资的方式或机构,例如股票、债券、共同基金等等。
微型金融投资工具,则指专门投资于微型金融的各种投资工具。其功能是从公共和商业、个人或机构投资者那里筹集资金,投资于小额信贷机构,以解决小额信贷机构的资金来源问题。微型金融投资工具可以各种合法形式成立。
微型金融投资工具与国际金融机构(国际发展机构的商业投资机构)是国际小额信贷发展的两个主要资金来源。其中国际金融机构主要作用是为小额信贷机构的创建提供种子资金和技术支持,并且经常是微型金融投资工具的发起人;而微型金融投资工具则是对较成熟的小额信贷机构进行投资,资金来源主要是私营部门。
目前国际上微型金融投资工具发展十分迅速,我将部分工具罗列如下:
1、商业性投资工具
Antares-Equity
Participation Fund (N)
ASN
- Novib Fund
Axa
World Funds - Dvt Debt Fund
BlueOrchard
Microfinance Securities
Dexia Microcredit
Fund
Dexia Orchid Fund (N)
Global Microfinance Facility
Global Microfinance Group SA
Global Partnerships (N)
Gray Ghost
Microfinance Fund LLC
Impulse (N)
MFLO 2:
Opportunity Eastern Europe
(N)
MicroVest I, LP
responsAbility
Global Microfinance
Fund
Saint Honoré Microfinance
(N)
Triodos Fair Share Fund
2、半商业性投资工具
ACCION Global Bridge Fund (N)
ACCION Investments
in Microfinance
(AIM)
ACCION Latin
American Bridge Fund
AfriCap
Microfinance Fund
Balkan Financial
Sector Equity Fund (N)
Bellwether Microfinance Fund (N)
Catalyst Microfinance Investors (N)
European Fund for
Southeast Europe (N)
Global Commercial
MF Consortium (N)
Investisseur et
Partenaire pour le Dvt
La
Fayette Participations
La Fayette
Investissement (N)
Latin American
Challenge Inv Fund (LACIF)
MicroCred (N)
ProCredit Holding AG
Profund
(T)
ShoreCap
International
Solidus Investment Fund
(N)
3、发展性(公益性或社会性)投资工具
ACCION Gateway Fund
ADA
- Luxmint
ALTERFIN
Calvert Community
Investment Notes
CreSud SPA
Deutsche Bank
Microcredit Dvt Fund
Deutsche Bank
Start-up Fund (N)
DID
- FONIDI Fund
DID
- Guaranty Fund
DID
- Partnership Fund
Etimos
Fonds
International de Garantie (FIG)
Hivos-Triodos Foundation
Incofin
Kolibri Kapital ASA
Oikocredit +
Oikocredit Nederland Fonds
Opportunity
Transformation Inv. Inc.
Partners for the Common Good
PlaNet MicroFund
Sarona Global investment Fund (T)
SIDI
Triodos-Doen Foundation
(资料来源:MICRORATE)
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