论语古文今英译

士何如斯可谓之达

（颜渊篇12.20）

    子张问：“士何如斯可谓之达矣？”子曰：“何哉，尔所谓达者？”子张对曰：“在邦必闻，在家必闻。”子曰：“是闻也，非达也。夫达也者，质直而好义，察言而观色，虑以下人。在邦必达，在家必达。夫闻也者，色取仁而行违，居之不疑。在邦必闻，在家必闻。”

【今译】

    子张问：“士怎样才可以叫做通达？”孔子说：“你说的通达是什么意思？”子张答道：“在国君的朝廷里必定有名望，在大夫的封地里也必定有名声。”孔子说：“这只是虚假的名声，不是通达。所谓达，那是要品质正直，遵从礼义，善于揣摩别人的话语，对察别人的脸色，经常想着谦恭待人。这样的人，就可以在国君的朝廷和大夫的封地里通达。至于有虚假名声的人，只是外表上装出的仁的样子，而行动上却正是违背了仁，自己还以仁人自居不惭愧。但他无论在国君的朝廷里和大夫的封地里都必定会有名声。”

【英译】

    The Master said, "That is notoriety, not distinction."Now the man of distinction is solid and straightforward, and loves righteousness. He examines people's words, and looks at their countenances. He is anxious to humble himself to others. Such a man will be distinguished in the country; he will be distinguished in his clan."As to the man of notoriety, he assumes the appearance of virtue, but his actions are opposed to it, and he rests in this character without any doubts about himself. Such a man will be heard of in the country; he will be heard of in the clan."

（江湖侠客吴仲湛 编辑）