Section A解析及拓展

 

    （一）创设情境，导入新课[Create plots and scenes to guide the new lesson]

    This main content is to learn to talk about the past events and one’s bad days. So we can adopt the Communicative Approach to guide the new lesson: The teacher should make some flashcards before class, and the following questions must be designed on the flashcards for the students to talk about in groups.

    Questions:

    （1）What do you usually do in the morning before school?

    （2）Do you like mornings ? Why or why not?

    （3）What do you usually do in the evening?

    （4）What’s your favorite food?

    （5）What are your favorite sports? etc.

    Get the students to do groupwork to discuss these questions. Give the students some help if necessary when they finish the teaching task of part 1a.

    （二）自读感知，整体把握[Pre-read to apperceive and grasp the whole]

    The main content is to learn to talk about the past events using the Past Perfect Tense and make up an ending for a story in section A．It’s designed with a method of advancing step by step. In 1a-1c, discuss some questions in groups and then listen and talk about what happened to Tina this morning; In 2a - 2c, Listen to Tina’s story and fill in the blanks, and then make up an ending for the story; In 3a -3c, students read the story and write the events in the correct order, then discuss the questions in 3b in pairs.

    （三）合作交流，解读探究[Cooperate and intercourse to unscramble and research]

    The main content in section A is to learn the target language:

    What happened?

    I overslept.

    By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.

    When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.

    Step 1呈现[Presentation]

    The teacher shows flashcards with the following questions on to the whole class.

    （1）What do you usually do in the morning before school?

    （2）Do you like mornings? Why or why not?

    （3）What do you usually do in the evening?

    （4）What’s your favorite food?

    （5）What are your favorite sports? etc.

    Step 2活动[Activities]

    Let the students do groupwork to talk about the questions above and then finish the teaching task of part 1a.

    Step 3体验[Experiences]

    （1）Play the tape of part 1b, students listen and match the sentence parts. Then take turns to be Tina to do pairwork using the information form 1a and 1B．Finish the teaching tasks of part 1a – 1b.

    （2）Play the tape of part 2a, students listen to Tina. Tina continues her story and then the students number the pictures in the correct order. Finish the teaching task of part 2a.

    （3） Get the students to fill in the blanks with the correct verb from then listen to the tape of part 2a again and check their answers. Finish the teaching task of part 2b.

    Step 4活动[Activities]

    Get the students to work in pairs to make up an ending for the story and share it with the rest of the class. Finish the teaching task of part 2c.

    Step 5阅读[Reading]

    Get the students to read the story in part 3a and write the events in the correct order. Finish the teaching task of reading in part 3a.

    Step 6活动[Activities]

    Get the students to think about the questions in part 3b, and then do pair work to ask and answer the questions with partners. Finish the teaching task of part 3b – 3c.

    要点直击[English notes]

    1．By the time I got up , my brother had already gotten in the shower.

    当我起床的时候，我哥哥已经在洗澡了。

    【注意】（1）by the time+句子表示“到……时候”，相当于when，引导一时间状语从句。

    （2）had already gotten in the shower已经在洗澡了，该句型结构的时态为过去完成时，表现为had+动词的过去分词。

    【点拨】如何理解过去完在时

    过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。过去完成时由助动词“had（用于各种人称和数）+动词的过去分词”构成，后常跟by接的过去时间状语或before，when接（一般过去时）的时间状语从句；在时间上含有“过去的过去”的意思。

    【应用】（1）By the time we got to the bus stop, the bus had left.

    当我们到达公共汽车站的时候，公共汽车已经离开了。

    （2）He had worked here for 10 years before I came

    在我来这儿之前，他已经在这工作10年了。

    2．What happened?发生了什么？

    I overslept.我睡过头了。

    【注意】（1）happen不及物动词，“发生”的意思，常指偶然或碰巧发生，强调意外。

    （2）oversleep动词，“睡过头，睡得过久”，是个复合词。over是个前缀，意为“超过，在……上面，外加”的意思。

    【点拨】（1）What happened? /What’s happening? /What will happen? /What has happened?

    happen为不及物动词，后面不能接宾语，what在句中一方面构成特殊疑问句，同时在特殊疑问句中作主语，故没有What did happen?这种形式。此外happen to sb“某人发生了某事”。

    （2）happen和take place都可表示“发生”的意思，后面都不能接宾语且都不能用于被动语态中；happen常指“偶然或碰巧发生”，有偶然性和意外性；而take place常指“经过计划或安排发生”强调必然性。

    【应用】（1）He overslept and was late for school.他睡过头而上学迟到了。

    （2）What happened to LiLei last week?

    上个星期李雷发生了什么事？

    （3）Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

    我的家乡已发生了很大的变化。

    3．By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.

    当我回到学校的时候，铃声已响了。

    【注意】（1）bell名词，“钟，铃”的意思，as sound as a bell（喻）处于极佳情况。

    （2）ring动词，鸣，响。

    【点拨】（1）ring（for sb/sth）鸣铃召唤

    （2）ring sb（up）打电话给某人

    （3）ring（with sth）回响，回声

    （4）ring off挂断电话

    【应用】（1）Listen! Here goes the bell.听! 铃声响了。

    （2）If you’re free, please ring me up.有空给我打电话。

    4．I’ve never been late for school, but yesterday I came here very close.

    我上学从不迟到，但昨天却差一点迟到。

    My alarm clock didn’t go off.我的闹钟没有响。

    【注意】（1）close副词，“接近地，靠近地，紧紧地”

    （2）alarm clock闹钟

    （3）go off（闹钟）闹响

    【点拨】go off是个有多种意思的动词词组，常见的有“（灯等）熄灭，（水电）断掉（闹钟）闹响”的意思。

    【应用】（1）The dog followed close behind me.这狗紧紧跟在我的后面。

    （2）There’s something with my alarm clock. It doesn’t go off.

    我的闹钟出了毛病，它不响了。

    5．I had to wait for him to come out.我不得不等他出来。

    I had to really rush.我不得不急冲冲地跑进去。

    【注意】（1）wait for sb to do sth 等候某人干某事

    （2）come out出来，开花，（相片）冲洗出来等

    （3）rush动词，冲，奔的意思；rush（off/away/out）（使）猛烈或匆匆去来，做某事

    【应用】（1）We are waiting for the rain to stop.我们正在等雨停。

    （2）When spring comes, flowers come out.春天到了，花儿开了。

    （3）The boys rushed out of the school gate to welcome the great scientist.

    男孩们争先恐后地跑出学校大门来欢迎这个伟大的科学家。

    6．and then ran off to the bus stop.然后迅速离开跑到公共汽车站。

    【注意】（1）run off跑掉，迅速离开

    （2）bus stop公共汽车站

    【点拨】（1）run off还可用作“流走，出版，生产，举行比赛”的意思。

    （2）run off with sb/sth带走……潜逃，窃走，与……私奔。

    【应用】（1）After he dropped off his school things, he ran off to play football with his friends.在他丢下他的学习用品后，他迅速跑去和他的朋友们踢足球。

    （2）That man ran off with lots of money.那个人带着许多钱潜逃了。

    7．I started walking, but I knew I couldn’t got to school on time.

    我开始步行，但是我知道我不能准时到达学校。

    【注意】（1）start walking开始步行；start to do/doing开始做某事。

    （2）get to school到达学校

    （3）on time准时

    【点拨】in time/on time/behind time/at times

    （1）in time及时，指不迟或比规定的时间稍早

    （2）on time准时，指既不早也不迟，恰好与规定的时间相同

    （3）behind time迟，晚，落后，拖欠

    （4）at times时而，不时，偶尔

    【应用】请用in time/on time/behind time/at times填空

    （1）Everyone should go to school and come home on time.

    每个人都应该准时上学和回家。

    （2）He was late for school because the bus was ten minutes behind time.

    他上学迟到了是因为公共汽车迟到了十分钟。

    （3）My father is always busy so he can watch TV at times.

    我爸爸总是忙，所以他只能偶尔看看电视。

    （4）We hurried to the train station and we caught the train in time.

    我们匆忙地赶往火车站并且及时地赶上了火车。

    8．My friend Tony and his dad came by in his dad’s car and they gave me a ride.

    我的朋友托尼和他爸爸开车从我身边经过，他们让我搭了便车。

    【注意】（1）come by意思为“从旁经过，获得”

    （2）give me a ride让我搭便车；give sb a ride让某人搭便车

    【点拨】ride既可用作动词，也可用作名词。

    （1）作名词时，ride是“骑乘的一段时间，骑马（脚踏车，公共交通工具）旅行“的意思。

    （2）作动词时，ride是“骑马（脚踏车等）”的意思。

    【应用】（1）He was waiting for the bus when I came by

    当我从旁经过的时候，他正在等车。

    （2）Thank you for giving me a ride in your car to the Great Wall.

    谢谢你让我搭便车去长城。

    （3）Next week we’ll have a train ride to Beijing.

    下个星期，我们将乘火车去北京。

    9．When I got to school, the final bell was ringing.

    当我到达学校的时候，上课最后的一遍铃声正在响。

    【注意】（1）the final bell“上课铃，最后一遍铃”；final形容词，意为“最后的，最终的”，没有比较级形式；副词为finally。

    （2）only just刚刚才，恰好

    （3）make it规定时间，成功，做到

    【应用】（1）Mr Wang ususlly comes to the classroom before the final bell.

    王老师通常在第二遍铃前来到教室。

    （2）The doctor has only just arrived.医生刚刚才到。

    （3）—Shall we go to the zoo at 6 a．m this Sunday?

    这个星期天早晨六点我们去动物园好吗？

    —No, it’s too early. Let’s make it at 8∶00.不，太早了，让我们约在上午8点吧。

    10．The bus broke down.公共汽车坏了。

    【注意】break down“损坏，坏掉”，是“动词+副词”结构，相当于一个不及物动词，有“崩溃，瓦解；（机器）出毛病，坏掉；身体或精神衰弱；情绪失去控制”等意思。

    【点拨】（1）His car broke down yesterday.

    昨天他的车子坏了。

    （2）The workers broke the old house down to build a new one.

    工人们推倒旧房子来建新房子。

    （四）应用迁移，巩固提高[Application and transfer, consolidation and improvement]

    1．Have a discussion about the past events. The students work in pairs to ask and answer what they have ever done before. Make sure the students use the target language structures in this unit. This activity can improve students’ speaking and bring them study interest. The following conversation can be used as a model.

    —Have you ever been late for school?

    —Yes. I have.

    —Why were you late?

    —I overslept.

    —What did the teacher do?

    — He / She told me to come to school earlier next time.

    2．Croup work: Students work in groups to talk about their interesting experience and bad days. Then write an article about it. This activity can improve both students’ speaking and writing. It gives students a good chance to use the target language.

    （五）课堂跟踪反馈[Tracking feedback in class]

    Ⅰ.根据首字母及句子意思，或汉语提示，完成下列单词拼写，注意单词的适当形式

    1．I was late for school because I overslept this morning.

    2．The bell rings. It means it’s time for class or for break.

    3．By the time left. My brother had already gotten in the shower.

    4．There was no time left. So we had to rush to school togeter.

    5．I’ve locked my keys in my house so I have to stand outside.

    6．Have you ever forgotten（忘记）to bring your homework to school?

    7．I met my favourite film star“Jackie”luckily（幸运地）yesterday.

    8．She has an appointment（约会）with her dentist at 2 p．m.

    9．Unfortunately（令人遗憾地）for you, you’re wrong.

    10．Next week we’ll have our final（最终的）exam of this term.

    Ⅱ.在下列横线上填上合适的介词，使句子完整与正确

    11．By the time I got home, my parents had gotten everything ready.

    12．When I got to school, my classmates had left.

    13．Today I have lots of things to do at school. Don’t wait for me after school.

    14．Why were you late for school today?

    15．I only just made it to my class.

    Ⅲ.单项选择

    （C）16． ______ I got to school, Mr Wang had started teaching.

A．In time

B．On time

C．By the time

D．At that time

    （D）17．When I got to school. I realized I ______ my backpack at home.

A．forgot

B．left

C．had forgotten

D．had left

    （A）18．What happened ______ Li lei last week?

A．to

B．about

C．on

D．with

    （B）19．Don’t forget ______ Jim to come for dinner, Ok?

A．ask

B．to ask

C．asking

D．asked

    （D）20．I must get up early. Please wake me ______.

A．out

B．off

C．down

D．up

    （C）21．Last Sunday I met Li lei and he ______ me a ride.

A．took

B．asked

C．gave

D．had

    （C）22．He’s never been away from school, ______ he ?

A．isn’t

B．is

C．has

D．hasn’t

    （D）23．When I heard mum call, I know I ______.

A．oversleep	B．overslept
C．have overslept	D．had overslept

    （D）24．There’s something wrong with my alarm clock.

    It doesn’t ______.

A．run off

B．drop off

C．work out

D．go off

    （A）25．Yesterday I came to school very ______.

A．close

B．closed

C．closing

D．closely

    Ⅳ.从方框中选择合适的单词的适当形式完成下列对话

    A: What happened to you this morning?

    B: I was late for school .This morning my alarm clock didn’t go off. When I woke up, it had already been 7: 40．

    A: Oh, you would be late for school .What did you do ?

    B: I took a quick shower and ran off to the bus stop. But when I got there, the bus had left.

    A: Bad luck! You couldn’t get to school on time.

    B: I agree. While I was rushing to school, my uncle came by in his car and he gave me a ride.

    A: Did you get to school in time?

    B: No, when I get to school, Mr Wang had started teaching. I felt very sorry.

    A: You’d better say sorry to your teacher.

    B: I agree.

    Ⅴ.把下列句子翻译成英语

    36．当我到达学校时，学生们已经回家了。

    When I got to the school, the students had gone home.

    37．她说她已经完成她的家庭作业了。

    She said she had finished her homework.

    38．当我们到达公共汽车站时，公共汽车已经走了。

    By the time we got to the bus stop, the bus had left.

    39．在我看这部电影之前，我已经了解了一些相关的内容。

    We had known something about this film before we saw it.

    40．到上个月末为止，他们已经学习了两千个英语单词。

    They had learnt 2,000 English words by the end of last month.