初三英语上册 Unit 2 Great mind

知识探究

1. This story about him shows that he also had a sense of humour.

   have a sense of humour 幽默感

   即学即练1：

   生活需要幽默感。

                                 

       2. It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you .

  It is + n. + to do sth 该机构中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式部分，句型中的不定式用于解释前面的名词。

   即学即练2：

   能与你共进晚餐是一件快乐的事。

                                  

 3. One evening, on their way to a university, Einstein said, “I’m so tired. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture tonight, Hans, but I don’t want to let my audience down.

（1）on one’s way to 在某人去...的路上（当后面的地点为home,here, there 时，省略to)

            On his way to school, he met his English teacher.

            On his way home, he helped a lost girl find her mother.

回顾：常考的含有way的词组

      by the way 顺便问一下

      By they way, what time is it?

      in the way  挡道

      Look, a cat is in the way.

      in this/that way  用这种/ 那种方法

      In this way , you can work out the Maths problem easily.

      in a ...... way 用一种......的方法

      The clever boy solve the problem in an easy way.

      in a way   在某种程度上

      In a way, electricity is like water

      即学即练3：

      我在回家的路上买了一本书。

                                        

（2）I wish I could 我希望我可以...... 本句型为一个虚拟语气，后面所说的内容一般比较难以实现；如果想表达的内容是可以实现的，则用I hope I can。

     I wish I could be a millionaire overnight.

即学即练4：

我希望我可以像小鸟一样在天空中飞翔。

                                          

（3）avoid doing sth 避免做某事

     We should avoid drinking too much wine.

     即学即练5：

     我们应该避免闯红灯。

                                          

（4）let sb down 让某人失望

     We should try our best to study and don’t let our parents down.

     即学即练6：

     他的表演没有让他的观众失望。

                                           

4. I’ve listened to your lecture so many times that I’ve learnt it by heart.

  （1）so......that 如此......以致于

  The baby is so lovely that many people like him.

  He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.

  Tom is so lovely a baby that many visitors want to take photos with him.

  Nowadays, middle school students have so much homework to do that they don’t have time for something they like.

  通过观察上面四个句子可以发现so ......that......中有四个句型：

   so + adj.+ that + 从句；

   so + adv.+ that + 从句；

   so + adj.+ a/an+ that + 从句

   so+many/ much/ few/ little+ n. +从句

  回顾：so that 为了，以便

  He works hard so that he can buy more food and clothes for his children.

  （2）learn sth by heart 背诵 = keep sth in mind

   He has read this poem so many times that he has learnt it by heart.

   即学即练7：

   下课后，他把新单词背诵了下来。

                                        

5. At the university, Hans was guided to the front of the hall.

  was guided to 被带到...... 该结构为被动语态。

    即学即练8：

  我们每天都浇花。

                                                           

6. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture without difficulty, and joined in the applause at the end.

 （1） listen to sb do sth   听某人做了某事（强调全过程）

       listen to sb doing sth 听某人正在做某事（强调正在进行）

       They listened to Wanglihong sing the song “Weiyi” at the concert.

       类似用法的还有：

       see sb do sth       看见某人做了某事               

       see sb doing sth     看见某人正在做某事        

       hear sb do sth       听见某人做了某事         

       hear sb doing sth     听见某人正在做某事  

 （2）at the end 在最后，也可以在后面加上of,表示在.......的末尾，在......的尽头。

      There is a bookstore at the end of this road.

      回顾：in the end 最终

7. Einstein turned pale.

   此句中的turn为系动词，表示变得，后面加形容词。

   我们学过的系动词还有：1. 是：be 动词

                         2. 表示变化：become, get, grow, go

                         3. 表示保持: keep, stay,remain

                         4. 表示似乎: seem

                         5. 感官动词: look, sound, taste, smell, feel

  即学即练9：

  我们应该保持教室干净。

                                

8. Now we’re in trouble.

   in trouble 遇到麻烦，类似表达有in danger(遇到危险）

   即学即练10：

   我们应该帮助遇到麻烦的人。

                                 

9. That’s such an easy question that even my driver can answer it.

   such......that 如此...以致于

   She is such a lovely baby that many people like her.

   They are such beautiful flowers that girls all loves them.

   They provided such useful information for us that we thanked them very much.

   通过观察以上句子可以发现，such主要用于修饰名词，可数和不可数都可以。

   即学即练11：

   这是一本如此有用的字典以致于很多学生都买它。

                                             

10. A little later, Hans offered to drive.

   offer to do sth 主动提出做某事

   My friend offers to help me with my English.

   回顾：offer常考的用法还有：

         offer sb sth= offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物

   The rich man offered a lot of money to the primary school.

   即学即练12：

   我们应该向有需要的人主动提供帮助。

                                      

11.consider  v.  认为；觉得

例如：Many students consider Mr Li a good teacher. 很多学生认为李老师是一位好老师。

Think about doing sth= consider doing sth  考虑做某事

练一练：

1.For your next vacation, why don't you consider _____ Paris?             

A. visit        B. visiting

C. to visit      D. to visiting

2.Do you still consider the child _______ ?

A.an honest boy    B.a honest boy    

C.honest boy      D.the honest boy

3.We asked him to consider ______ a holiday the next month. 

A. taken      B. to take

C. taking      D. to be taking 

12.invite sb  邀请某人

Invite sb to do sth  邀请某人做某事

练一练：

1.Let's _____ Tony _____ the cinema. 

A. to invite, to      B. invite, to

C. inviting, for     D. invite, at

2.Thanks a lot for _______me _______your party.  
A invite ,for      B. invite ,to        C. inviting ,to     D. inviting ,for

3.—Will you come to this dinner party?      

—I won't come unless Jenny _____.

A. will be invited    B. is invited

C. will invite       D. invited 

13. join意为“参加（某组织），参加到某个人群中去，从而成为其中一员”

join in 参加 + 娱乐、游戏等活动的名词

   take part in 参加、参与某事或活动

   attend 参加、出席会议或学术活动

练一练：

1.He      an English club last year and he has improved his English a lot.

A.protected       B.produced        C.joined      D.received

2.—Come and______us, Mary.        

—Sorry, I_____ help my mom.

A. join; can          B. join; many   

C. join in; need       D. join; have to

3.—Where are you going, Jack?

—I’m going to _______ the English corner. Would you like to _______ me?

—I’m afraid I can’t.

A.take part in; join    B.join; take part in

C.join; join in       D.join in; take part in

14.动词不定式做主语时，可以用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式放在句子后面。

例如：It is hard to be a doctor. 当医生是困难的。

      It is not easy to learn english well.学好英语不容易。

It is+adj+for/of sb do do sth. 做某事对某人来说是怎样的

注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of

例如：It is very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真实太好了。

练一练：

1.—It’s important ________ us _______ learn English well.
—I agree with you. We should try our best to learn it.
A. to,  to   B. to,  for    C. for,  to

2.It is very kind _____ you to help me with my lessons. It is difficult _____me to learn them well.

A.of , of    B.for , of    C.of , for    D.for , for

课堂小练

一、单项选择

1. --- Did Mrs. King leave a message?

  --- Yes. She wanted to know         ?

  A. where you would go                           B. where you will go

  C. Where would you go                            D. Where will you go

2. It’s fun         basketball games with friends.

  A. watch                B. to watch                C. watching                D. watched

3. He is         careless         he always makes many mistakes in the exam.

  A. too......to            B. such......that           C. so.....that                D. enough......to

4. It is       interesting book that many people read it.

  A. such a                B. so an                      C. so a                        D. such an

5. The people’s republic of China         in 1949.

  A. is found             B. was found             C. was founded         D. is founded

6. ---Did you know where Tom was?

  --- No, but I saw him         with Mr. Wang in the office just now.

  A. talked                B. to talk                    C. talking                   D. talk

7. Please look at the cat           , it looks so         .

  A. careful; lovely                                      B. carefully; lovely

  C. careless; lovely                                     D. carelessly; lovely

8. I read a        novel just now.

  A. ten thousand words                             B. ten thousands words

  C. ten-thousand-word                               D. ten-thousands- word

9. --- Is the man over there our headteacher?

  --- No, it         our headteacher. He has gone to America yesterday.

  A. musn’t be          B. May not be            C. can’t be                  D. shouldn’t be

10. ---How long        it         to drive form Guangzhou to Qingyuan?

   --- Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here.

  A. did; spend         B. does; take                     C. did; pay                 D. does; pay

二、阅读理解

You are twenty-one years old and have a good life. But one day, your doctor tells you that you have a bad disease and may not live more than one year. How would you feel? What would you do? I think most of us might feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future. Here is what the great scientist, Stephen Hawking, did.

Hawking didn’t let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamed of. He went on with his study of the universe and traveled around the world to give talks. In 2002, Hawking visited China and spoke to university students in Hangzhou and Beijing. Because of the disease, Hawking had to sit in his wheelchair and speak through a computer. He told the students about his theories(理论) on some of the greatest questions: what is time, how did the universe begin, and what are black holes.

Hawking became famous in the early 1970s. In 1988, he wrote A Brief History of Time. The book explains difficult theories in a simple way and it sells very well.

Stephen Hawking is a man with a strong will and he is regarded as the greatest mind in physics since Albert Einstein.

1. When did Hawking catch the disease according to the passage?

   A. In 1988.                          B. When he was 21 years old.    

C. In the 1970s.                     D. After he came to China.

2. Who did Hawking give talks to when he was in China?

   A. University professors.               B. Great scientists.  

C. University students.                D. Famous doctors.

3. The underlined word “mind” means “________” in Chinese.

   A. 想法                                         B. 记忆力           C. 有才智的人     D. 精神

4. What kind of person is Stephen Hawking according to the passage?

   A. He is great and has a strong will.          

B. He is great and rich.

   C. He is not clever, but he is hard-working.    

D. He is shy and hard-working.

5. The passage tells us all of the following EXCEPT that ________.

   A. Hawking isn’t able to walk because of the disease

   B. Hawking has never given up his hopes and dreams

   C. Hawking once traveled around the world to give talks

   D. A Brief history of Time is very difficult to understand

三、完成句子

1、爱因斯坦是一个有幽默感的天才。

Einstein was a genius who had a _______ _______ _______.

2、尽管很累，他还是不想使他的粉丝失望。

Though he was tired , he didn’t want to _______ his fans _______.

3、我已经听过我导师讲座很多次，我都可以记得很牢固了。

I have listened to my tutor’s lecture so many times that I’ve learnt it_______ _______.

4、你介意我坐在这里吗？

Would you mind my _______ _______ _______ here?

5、最后，我们轻而易举地解决了问题。

At last, she solve the problem_______ _______.

6、你会参加下个星期即将举行的足球赛吗？

Are you going to _______ _______ the football match to be held next week ?

7、所有学生都不知道老师问了什么问题？

All the students _______ _______ _______ what questions  their teacher asked.

8、你一陷入困境就打电话给我。

You can call me as soon as you are _______ _______.

9、人们喜欢在万圣节捉弄别人。

In Halloween people enjoy _______ _______ _______others.

10、每个人都会有自己的人生转折点。

Everyone has his _______ _______ of his life.

11、完成这个任务需要一系列的步骤。

There are _______ _______ _______ steps to finish the task.

12、你现在能留下一个口信吗？

Could you _______ _______ _______now ?

13、他昨天精彩表演获得了阵阵掌声。

His excellent performance _______ _______ _______ _______ _______yesterday.

14、说实话，我年轻时候的英语是很差的。

_______ _______ _______ _______my English was very poor when I was young.

15、那个男人给了自己的手表作为我帮他的回报。

The man gave a watch to me_______　_______.

16、Paul喜欢和他妹妹一起肩并肩走回家。

Paul enjoyed walking to home _______ _______ _______with his sister every day.

17、我将会很快给予回复。

I will _______ you _______ as soon as possible.

18、孩子们必须对自己父母诚实。

Children should _______ _______ _______ their parents.

19、我必须承诺不再发同样的错误吗？

Must I_______ _______ _______ not to make the same mistake again ?

20、Ann 最好的放松方式是听音乐。

Ann’s _______ _______ _______ _______is listening to music.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

课后作业布置：（满分37分；时间30分钟）

一、汉译英

l.做决定                                   

2.决定做某事                               

3.停止做某事                                 

4.在15岁的时候                            

5.在……方面做得好                         

6 .直做某事                                

7.实现他的梦想                             

8.做某事花费某人多少时间                   

9.对某人来说做某事是……的                 

10 .照顾                                     

二、单项选择

1.Harry has decided        an online shop after graduating from school.

  A.open    B. to open      C.opened       D.opening

2. I haven't seen my grandparents for long.I am too busy        them these days.

  A visit     B. to visit     C. visiting    D. visits

3.---Why don't you watch TV at home?

  ---I'd love to, but my mother doesn't allow me        that.

  A.do      B.did      C.to do      D.doing

4.---I want to go to Xiufeng Park.How can I get there?

  ---       there, just go along this street and turn left at the third crossing.

  A.To get      B.Getting      C.Get

5.Don't forget        thanks when other people help you.

  A. accept      B.to accept     C. say    D. to say

6.Tom was made        his own clothes by his sister.

   A.wash       B.washed       C.to wash

7. In order        for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.

A. not to be late     B. not being late    C.to be late     D.being late

三、完形填空

Lillian Hanson, a college student, expects to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates is her  1  73 years old. She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.

When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the  2  to borrow money for further education. The banker gave her  3  encouragement. He didn't think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. He thought she should be  4  doing housework or should work on the farm.

    5   Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college.

Mrs. Hanson   6  forgot the dream of getting higher education. When the children had grown up, she   7   again and succeeded. In the class on her first day, when she introduced herself and   8   why she was there and what her aims were, all the other students   9   to give her a warm welcome.

Mrs. Hanson finds that the  10   part of going back to school at her age is sitting in class for long periods of time. However, she often says she will stick to her dream no matter how difficult it is.

1. A. age              B. interest            C. accent

2. A. club             B. school             C. bank

3. A. much            B. no                C. a little

4. A. at college         B. at home            C. in the office

5. A. After             B. But               C. So

6. A. never             B. already            C. often

7. A. stopped           B. tried              C. refused

8. A. regretted          B. guessed            C. explained

9. A. stood up           B. ran away          C. broke out

10. A. best             B. hardest            C. easiest

四、阅读理解

Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.

     Born in 1881 to a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his grandfather, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.

     By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There, he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.

     After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.

     Although successful, Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called “pen warfare”. He now only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He was forced to write his articles using false names.

Since his death in 1936, Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world.

1. Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage?

A. The people he met in Japan.

B. The experiences in his early life.

C. Working as a teacher in Beijing.

D. His father’s being put into prison.

2. According to the passage, why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madam so popular?

A. It was based on Lu Xun’s diary.

B. It was the first novel to use everyday language.

C. Its story took place in modern times.

D. It was written using a western style.

3. The underlined word “This” (Paragraph 4) refers to      .

A. the success of Diary of a Madman

B. the use of everyday language

C. the first Chinese novel

D. The True Story of Ah Q

4. After moving to Shanghai, Lu Xun mainly wrote       .

A. funny stories

B. articles about himself

C. articles against the government

D. stories about government officials

5. In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun’s life?

a. The government stopped him from publishing books.

b. He wrote Diary of a Madman.

c. His father became ill.

d. He moved to Shanghai.

e. His writings were put into textbooks.

A. c-a-b-d-e     B. c-b-d-a-e     C. a-c-d-b-e     D. a-d-b-c-e