摘自博主所著《高中英语句型》
第一章 there be 句型
第一节 there be 概述
There be … 句型是初中英语的重点句型之一,也是高考常考考点。There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语。There be 句型属于倒装句式,副词there置于句首的完全倒装句式。
There is a map of China on the wall. 主语为a map of China 强调a map of China而不是别的东西。
A map of China is on the wall. 强调on the wall 而不是在别的地方。(信息尾重原则)
There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.
There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.
In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.
If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.
There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.
第二节 there be 句式的谓语
1.there be 句式中be动词的单复数问题
句中 be 动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,由与其最靠近的用作主语的名词的数来决定(就近原则)。
There is a pen and a pencil in the pencil-box.
There are two apples, an orange and some bananas on the table.
There is little cooling oil in the kitchen. Let’s go and buy some.
There were two traffic accidents here yesterday.
2. there be 句型的反意疑问句
There are quite a few boys in the classroom, aren’t there?
There is a bird singing in the tree, isn’t there?
There isn’t anything in the box, is there?
There will be a discussion about the plan among the class, won’t there?
There used to be a river near the village, usedn’t / didn’t there?
There stands an ancient tower on the top on the mountain, doesn’t there?
3. there与其它动词连用
there 与 live, stand, lie, remain, exist连用,表“静止、存在”,都是表示状态的。
Long, long ago, there lived a king.
There lives a family of five in the village.
There stands a tall tree on the hill.
There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the People’s Heroes. 在广场的中央矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。There stands a tall building across the river over there. 河对面耸立着一幢高层建筑物.
There lies a village in the valley.
There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.
There remains one question to be discussed.还剩一个问题要讨论.
There remains nothing more to be done.
There exist different opinions on this question.
Many years ago, there lived an emperor who cared more for clothes than for anything else.
there与其他动词连用,表 “突然出现”。
There be 句型中的替换词有:go, come, develop, fall, follow, happen, occur, rise, appear, seem, spring up, emerge, arrive, enter, follow, arise, enter, rise等。这些动词可以有时态变化。
There came a company of actors and actresses.
There comes a knock at the door.有人敲门.
There comes the bus at last!公共汽车终于来啦! Here comes the bus!
There goes the bell!
There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。
Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。
Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。
There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音。
Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
There have occurred many great changes since we met last.
There appears (to be) no substitute for this stuff yet.
There followed a spirited discussion after class.
There will follow an interval of five minutes. 随后将有五分钟的休息.
There seems (to be) no doubt that …
There seems to be something wrong about it. 这事好像有点儿不大对头.
There appears to be no one who can answer this question. 看来没人能够回答这个问题.
注:当主语是名词时,主谓倒装;主语是代词不倒装。
There they come!他们来了!
Here you are. 给你。
练习
1. There ______ a river behind the house.
2. There once ______ a king who loved fine clothes very much.
3. There ______ the Monument to the People’s Heroes at the center of the Tian’anmen Square.
4. There r______ nothing more to be done.
5. There e______ different opinions on this question.
6. Then there ______ a knock at the door.然后听到敲门声。
7. At a later stage there ______ new problems which seemed insoluble.在后期出现了似乎无法解决的新问题。
8. There _______ an uncomfortable silence.接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。
9. Suddenly there _______ a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
10. There ______ a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。
11. Not long after this, there _______ a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。
Keys: 1 lies 2, lived 3, stands 4, remains 5, exist
解析:there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替,如 live,stand,exist,remain等,用来表示"静止、存在、有"。
There lives a family of five in the village.
There remains nothing more to be done.
There stands the Monument to the People’s Heroes at the center of the Tian’anmen Square.
There exist different opinions on this question.
There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.
在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。
6. Then there came a knock at the door.然后听到敲门声。
7. At a later stage there arose new problems which seemed insoluble.在后期出现了似乎无法解决的新问题。
8. There followed an uncomfortable silence.接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。
9. Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
10. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。
11. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。
解析:there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替,如 come,spring up,appear,emerge,arrive,enter,follow, 等,用来表示"突然出现"。
There appears to be no substitute for this stuff yet.
There came a company of actors and actresses.
There followed a spirited discussion after class.
There have occurred many great changes since we met last.
3. 小节测试
1. There are seven days in a week. = A week ______ seven days.
2. There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are ______ pictures on the wall.
3. There ______ (be) a teacher and some students playing a PE class on the playground.
4. How many people are there in the room? _______. (Nobody / No one / None )
5. There is little ink in the bottle, _________?
6. There is some water on the floor. (变成一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
______ ______ _______ water on the floor? Yes, _______ _______.
7. There isn't a cat in the sitting-room. (同义句)
= There is ______ cat in the sitting-room.
8. There aren't any cats in the sitting-room. (同义句)
=There're ______ cats in the sitting-room.
9. There's a sheep on the hill. (对划线部分提问)
-- ______ _______ _______ _______ _______ on the hill?
10. There're some sweaters in the box. (对划线部分提问)
-- _______ in the box?
11. There's little time left. (改写为反意疑问句)
-- There's little time left, ______ _______?
12. There used to be a bridge over the river. (改为反意疑问句)
-- There used to be a bridge over the river, _______ _______?
13. There will ______ a meeting next Wednesday. A. is B. have C. be D. /
14. There will be much ______ the day after tomorrow. A. rain B. rainy C. raining D. to rain
15. There're many Young Pioneers are planting trees along the river. (改错)
16. There're some money in the purse. (改错)
17. Once upon a time, there ______ a young woodcutter in the deep mountain. ( is, lied, stood , lived)
18. There ______ a tall tree in front of the teaching building. ( stands, lies, lived )
19. There ______ a road / river between the two village. (stands, lies, lives )
20. Do you think there ______ robots in people’ home in the future?
Keys: 1. has 2. no 3. is 4. None none 回答how many / much; no one / nobody 回答who 5. is there
6, Is there any, there is 7, no 8, no 9, How many sheep are there 10, What’s 11, is there
12, usdn’t there / didn’t there 13, C 14, A 15, There're many Young Pioneers planting trees along the river. There be +n. + doing sth 16, are – is 17. lived 18, stands 19, lies 20, will be
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