实盘日记49——价格模型

标签:
股票外汇价格模型财经 |
分类: 用实盘解 |
价格模型
……陈宏杰博客
所谓公平价值是指被收购公司合并财务报表的所有资产负债的预计价值。对于期货市场而言,公平价值是一份期货合约的均衡价格。这相等于计入复利率后(以及股息损失,因为投资拥有期货合约,而非实际股份)在特定时期内的现货价值。交易成功是建立在投资人深入了解潜在风险和或有利润基础上的,计算机将之简单化为“风险曲线”,来帮助我们选股。首先建立一张盈亏表,盈亏表让我们看到一个直观界面,标明投资人可能得到的利润及风险最大地区。比如我们以50元价格买入1手(100股)某只股,50元即是盈亏平衡点,每上涨或下跌2.5元将产生250元的盈亏,将这组数据以二维图表示,即成图一,图中蓝线是实际盈亏线。陈宏杰博客
二维图包含很多资料,纵轴为利润/损失额,横轴表明股票价格,只需看价格即知利润或亏损金额。除利润/损失额和股票价格这二维变量外,时间亦是关键变量,上例的股票上涨至55元,如果不管时间因素,明天或一年后,利润/损失额在图一中是没有差别的,获利都是500元。但时间是一种成本,明天到达此价格和一年后才到达,是有差别的,这意味着时间使风险发生了变化,选股变得较为复杂。陈宏杰博客
图二是在二维图里展示出不同的情况,通常有几种不同路线,各自代表不同状况,我们在二维图像上建立第三维——时间,使得股票价格的内涵发生了延伸,即内部价值与时间价值。我们分别设了三个时间变量:T+0、T+30、T+60,图一里的直线发生了弯曲,随时间跨度的增加,曲度亦随之变动,生动地显示出时间对投资成绩的影响。从50元涨到55元,随着时间弱化(time
decay),价值会递减。这可以运用于股票和权证的套利,测定60天内若正股上升5元,权证价值的变动趋向。陈宏杰博客
在此基础上,我们再加入第四维——波动率。这是一种综合因素,不但考虑股票到预定价格的时间,而且将振幅一并进行计算。用来衡量权证是廉价,抑或昂贵,须看隐含波动。在评估风险时,许多投资人,尤其是那些刚入行的,往往只将关注力集中在价格和时间上,更有甚者,在一无所知的情况下交易。图三展示了波动率是如何体现在投资活动中的。眼前价格不变动不意味着将来也不变动,虽然这只是一种或然率,但忽略可能产生的波动所造成的不稳定,可能会严重低估潜在交易风险。图三添加了波动因素,在所持时间不变的前提下,投资收益有了新变化。
初值 | $500,000.00 | |||||||
时间 | 终值 | 环比 | 总损益 | 时间 | 终值 | 环比 | 总损益 | |
2011/12/09 | $500,000.00 | |||||||
2012/01/09 | $534,078.11 | 6.82% | 6.82% | 2012/02/09 | $594,834.48 | 0.31% | 18.97% | |
2012/01/13 | $567,456.78 | 6.25% | 13.49% | 2012/02/10 | $595,200.12 | 0.06% | 19.04% | |
2012/01/14 | $569,887.18 | 0.43% | 13.98% | 2012/02/13 | $595,680.96 | 0.08% | 19.14% | |
2012/01/16 | $569,915.62 | 0.00% | 13.98% | 2012/02/14 | $602,347.20 | 1.12% | 20.47% | |
2012/01/17 | $569,963.76 | 0.01% | 13.99% | 2012/02/15 | $603,495.48 | 0.19% | 20.70% | |
2012/01/18 | $570,195.56 | 0.04% | 14.04% | 2012/02/16 | $603,797.88 | 0.05% | 20.76% | |
2012/01/19 | $570,910.56 | 0.13% | 14.18% | 2012/02/17 | $604,273.24 | 0.08% | 20.85% | |
2012/01/20 | $572,462.31 | 0.27% | 14.49% | 2012/02/18 | $611,148.23 | 1.14% | 22.23% | |
2012/01/21 | $575,101.00 | 0.46% | 15.02% | 2012/02/20 | $611,278.46 | 0.02% | 22.26% | |
2012/01/23 | $575,214.13 | 0.02% | 15.04% | 2012/02/21 | $611,665.93 | 0.06% | 22.33% | |
2012/01/24 | $577,350.87 | 0.37% | 15.47% | 2012/02/22 | $611,709.13 | 0.01% | 22.34% | |
2012/01/25 | $577,808.39 | 0.08% | 15.56% | 2012/02/23 | $635,685.13 | 3.92% | 27.14% | |
2012/01/27 | $584,651.54 | 1.18% | 16.93% | 2012/02/24 | $635,858.40 | 0.03% | 27.17% | |
2012/01/28 | $585,197.78 | 0.09% | 17.04% | 2012/02/27 | $659,790.20 | 3.76% | 31.96% | |
2012/01/30 | $586,052.78 | 0.15% | 17.21% | 2012/02/28 | $659,833.40 | 0.01% | 31.97% | |
2012/01/31 | $586,248.68 | 0.03% | 17.25% | 2012/02/29 | $660,481.40 | 0.10% | 32.10% | |
2012/02/01 | $586,921.75 | 0.11% | 17.38% | 2012/03/01 | $663,717.24 | 0.49% | 32.74% | |
2012/02/02 | $590,297.15 | 0.58% | 18.06% | 2012/03/02 | $664,235.64 | 0.08% | 32.85% | |
2012/02/03 | $590,997.98 | 0.12% | 18.20% | 2012/03/05 | $667,006.35 | 0.42% | 33.40% | |
2012/02/04 | $591,848.33 | 0.14% | 18.37% | 2012/03/06 | $667,177.82 | 0.03% | 33.44% | |
2012/02/06 | $591,982.60 | 0.02% | 18.40% | 2012/03/07 | $670,004.86 | 0.42% | 34.00% | |
2012/02/07 | $592,634.84 | 0.11% | 18.53% | 2012/03/08 | $670,134.46 | 0.02% | 34.03% | |
2012/02/08 | $593,025.00 | 0.07% | 18.61% | 2012/03/09 | $670,350.93 | 0.03% | 34.07% | |
时间 | 终值 | 环比 | 总损益 | 时间 | 终值 | 环比 | 总损益 | |
2012/03/12 | $670,369.20 | 0.00% | 34.07% | |||||
2012/03/13 | $671,526.04 | 0.17% | 34.31% | |||||
2012/03/14 | $671,592.43 | 0.01% | 34.32% | |||||
2012/03/15 | $671,627.09 | 0.01% | 34.33% |
Ticket |
Open Time |
Type |
Price |
T / P |
|
Price |
Swap |
Profit |
1627363 |
2012.03.13 13:39 |
sell |
1.56705 |
1.56705 |
2012.03.14 02:02 |
1.56818 |
0.00 |
-1.76 |
1627364 |
2012.03.13 15:28 |
sell |
1.57165 |
1.56705 |
2012.03.14 02:02 |
1.56820 |
0.00 |
33.50 |
1641319 |
2012.03.14 09:02 |
sell |
1.57305 |
1.56985 |
2012.03.14 09:45 |
1.56985 |
0.00 |
40.65 |
1645911 |
2012.03.14 15:04 |
buy |
1.56599 |
1.56959 |
2012.03.14 16:49 |
1.56959 |
0.00 |
28.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
1 277.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Closed P/L: |
1 277.09 |
|
Open Trades: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ticket |
Open Time |
Type |
Price |
T / P |
|
Price |
Swap |
Profit |
1655842 |
2012.03.14 23:51 |
buy |
1.56517 |
1.56907 |
|
1.56698 |
0.00 |
6.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
6.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating P/L: |
6.69 |
|
Working Orders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ticket |
Open Time |
Type |
Price |
T / P |
Market Price |
|
|
|
1655845 |
2012.03.14 23:51 |
buy limit |
1.56227 |
0.00000 |
|
1.56724 |
|
Buy.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Summary: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deposit/Withdrawal: |
670 350.00 |
Credit Facility: |
0.00 |
|
|
|
||
Closed Trade P/L: |
1 277.09 |
Floating P/L: |
6.69 |
Margin: |
40.00 |
|||
Balance: |
671 627.09 |
Equity: |
671 633.78 |
Free Margin: |
671 593.78 |
链接:
前四十篇
实盘日记第一篇《实盘日记⑴——刺猬》
实盘日记二月篇《实盘日记23——月报》
实盘日记三月篇《实盘日记45——月报》
实盘日记上一篇《实盘日记48——套保》