【厦门】“天南锁钥”胡里山炮台
(2018-09-12 17:39:53)http://blog.xmnn.cn/include/ueditor/php/images/article/2018/09/15367357416807.jpg
胡里山炮台位于厦门市东南面,毗邻厦门大学,交通便利,全国重点文物保护单位、国家4A级旅游景区。
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这里地理位置得天独厚,三面环海,视野开阔,东面与金门岛隔海相望,南与漳州临海,西与鼓浪屿遥相辉映。在这里建炮台可将敌舰拦阻在厦门水道之外,并于其它炮台相配合,守卫厦门厦门要塞,因此历史上被称为"八闽门户、天南锁钥"
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胡里山炮台始建于清光绪二十年,是中国洋务运动的产物,总面积7万多平方米,城堡面积1.3万平方米。
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走进景区大门,沿着百米古榕步道上山,路上浓荫遮天,徐步登之,海风吹来,清凉宜人。一步步把你带到那悠的百年之前,去探访那世界古炮的前世今生。
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景区分为战坪区、后山区和兵营区。炮台结构为半地堡式、半城垣式,具有欧洲风格,又有我国明清时期的建筑神韵。
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胡里山炮台作为一处遗址,山上所陈列的各种古老火炮就成了景区的主要景观。这里展现的是中华民族抵御外辱、保卫疆土的历史。也是洋务运动的一个缩影。
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山上为战坪区,山顶一块巨石上镶嵌着一幅“光绪朝朱批奏摺“复制件,记载的是清朝政府从德国购买克虏伯大炮的奏章和朱批,并成了为克虏伯大炮申请吉尼斯记录的有力依据。朱批奏摺右上角题刻是丁一中的诗“渡海寻山意若何,登山观海兴尤多。振衣独立秋无际,万里沧溟静不波”。丁一中是与戚继光、俞大猷同时期的明代抗倭名宦,鼓浪屿日光岩上“鼓浪洞天”即为他所题。由此可见,胡里山自古以来不仅是军事要塞,也是登高览胜的绝佳地方。
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一幅大型壁雕《民族魂》,内容表现了从旧中国到新中国万里海防由“刀枪入库”到“奋武威震”的发展变化。
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“放在山顶岩石上那门火炮是我国自己制造的“铁模”铁炮,这门炮称不上大炮,很不起眼,但却是国内外唯一仅存的铁模火炮,因此被誉为“遗世孤品“。这门铁模铁炮原先也与其他普通火炮摆放山上展示,但并无人知晓其真面目,直到2006年,著名明清铁炮专家、台北清华大学人文学院院长、台湾中央研究院院士黄一农参观胡里山炮台时,才被发现。”
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胡里山炮台上最珍贵最有名的是1893年购自德国克虏伯兵工厂的一门28生(280mm)克虏伯大炮,至今保存完好,有效射程可达16000米(最远射程19760米) 花了白银10万两才购得(含海运及保险费)。克虏伯大炮曾被鉴定为"世界现存原址上最古老最大的十九世纪海岸炮",并荣获大世界基尼斯最佳项目奖。......1958年"大炼钢铁运动"中,西炮台大炮被拆毁,现仅存东炮台大炮一门,护炮二门。
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景区园林内给树木掩映、草木叠翠、小品石雕、鲜花争艳、环境十分的优美。