英语词类手册介词分册 第二章 几个A头介词与几个B头介词

第四节 英语介词as用法例析(上)㈤

编者  四川大竹  张有樑

 

（续前：二、含介词as的短语动词1.近义as短语动词群 ⑵具“把…当作”含义的as短语动词）

2. 性质相近的as短语动词

⑴具认定性的as短语动词

词目：①acknowledge…as ②define…as ③identify…as ④know…as

⑤qualify (…) as ⑥rank (…) as ⑦recognize…as ⑧refer to … as

①acknowledge… as  承认…是→be acknowledged as  被认为…是【多是用于被动句】

例：Paul is acknowledged as the best chemist. 保罗被认为是杰出的化学家。

She is acknowledged as (to be) the best singer.  她被认为是最好的歌唱家。

He was acknowledged as an able statesman.   他被公认为是个有才干的政治家。

He was acknowledged as America’s finest writer.  他被公认为美国最杰出的作家。

Joe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year.

乔被公认为是今年最佳篮球选手。

 

②define…as  给…下定义／说成是／解释为

例：Savings is defined as postponed consumption. 储蓄被定义为延期的消费。【被动句】

Energy is defined as the power to do work.  在物理学中能的定义是作功的能力。

These laws are defined as Newton’s laws of motion. 这些定律被定义为牛顿运动定律。

Linguistics can be defined as the scientific language．语言学可以下定义为科学的语言。

We may define a square as a rectangle with four equal sides. 【主动句】

我们可以把正方形定义为四边相等的长方形。

We can define a radical as someone who has very different opinions. 

我们可以把激进派界定为观点极端的人。

 

③identify …as 确定…为→be identified as 被识别为…／被确认为…

例：Twenty percent of people identify themselves as chronic procrastinators.

百分之二十的人认为他们自己长期都是拖拉的人。

Commonly they identify themselves as the person whose records they seek.

通常他们把自己伪装成他们想要搜取记录的那个人。

Few passers-by could identify her then as Beryl Bainbridge, the famous novelist. 

路上极少几个行人能得出她就是著名的小说家贝里尔·班布里吉。

It would be easily identified as a misspelling of one particular word. 

很容易断定它是某种特殊单字的误拼。

The components in the mixture can be identified as individual components.

混合物中的组分被看作是各个单独的组分。

In case of joint applicants, a lead organiser could be identified as the applicant. 

若申请由超过一个机构联合提出，可考虑其中一个机构作为主要申请者。

 

④know…as  认定…为／将…称为

→←be known as 被称为是…——该known过去分词，known是谓语动词，as引主补。

→←be known as 作为…而闻名——该known是形容词化过去分词，known作表语，as引导方式状语。

例：The acquaintances know him as “a yes-man”. 熟人们都称他为“好好先生”。【主动句】

We know John Smith as a fine lawyer．我们认为约翰·史密斯是一位很好的律师。

→The pope is known as the vicar of Christ. 教皇被称做基督的代理者。【被动句】

It is also known as the gelatin agglutination test.  这也被称之为胶凝试验。

Mr.Johnson was known as a walking dictionary.  约翰逊先生被称作一本活字典。

This area is known as the“the Cornish Riviera”．这个地区称为“康沃尔郡”度假胜地。

→He is little known as an artist.   他是个不出名的艺术家。【系表结构句】

He is known as a successful architect.  他以成功的建筑师闻名。

Mrs Brown is known as a social climber.  布朗太太是有名的趋炎附势之人。

His grandfather was known as a brave seaman.  他的爷爷是一名勇敢的水手。

 

⑤qualify (…) as 取得…资格／作为…合适

→←be qualified as 有资格当／有资格做

例：He has just qualified as a lawyer.    他刚取得律师资格。【主动句】

She has qualified as an accountant.    她已够资格做会计师。

I qualified as a doctor a couple of years back.  我在两年前就取得了医生资格。

He qualified as a doctor of physics this year. 今年他取得了物理学博士的资格。

He had thought that he was qualified as a judge. 他曾一度认为他有资格作一位法官。

Do you think this dress qualifies as evening wear?    你看这连衣裙适合作晚礼服吗?

The training course qualifies you as a driving instructor．

参加了训练课程就有资格成为驾驶教练。

→I’m sure you’re qualified as a typist.   我确信你符合当打字员的条件。【被动句】

He is qualified as a complete man of letters.   他有资格当真正的文学家。

Their actions may be qualified as irrational.  他们的行动可视为无理性的。

She’ll be qualified as a teacher after she graduats from the teachers college.

她师范学院毕业后就有资格当教师了。

 

⑥rank (…) as  将…分等级／认为是…／列为…

例：She ranks as my junior in the clan.    她的辈分比我小。【主动句】

He soon took rank as a leading attorney.   他很快成为一名显要的律师。

It certainly doesn’t rank as his greatest win.    这肯定算不上他最大的胜利。

Where do you rank Tom as a chess player？你把汤姆列为哪一级的棋手？

Where do you rank Addison as an essayist? 你把阿狄生列为哪一类散文家?

The work can be ranked as a masterpiece throughout the ages.【被动句】

 这部作品堪称千古绝唱。

Einstein was ranked as the greatest scientist of our age.

爱因斯坦被认为是当今最伟大的科学家。

 

⑦recognize…as 承认…属实／认为是…

例：Everyone recognized him as the lawful heir．大家都承认他为合法继承人。

Most importantly, the United States does not recognize Taiwan as a state.

最重要的是, 美国并不承认台湾是主权独立的国家。

His claims were recognized as justified. 他的要求被承认是正当的。

She is recognized as a movie star in Hong Kong.  她在香港被认为是电影明星。

He has long since been recognized as a great playwright. 他早就被公认为伟大的剧作家了。

He has been recognized as he deserves. 他得到了应受的报答。【此as是连词】

Hardly did I recognize him as he was in his raincoat. 他穿着雨衣，我差点没有认出他来。

 

⑧refer to … as  称…为／把…当作

例：I refer to it as the tea bag philosophy. 我以茶包哲学作解释。

I like to refer to it as a bag of tricks.  我认为应该把它当成是雕虫小技。

I always refer to him as a bookworm.  我总是把他当作书呆子。

Kate had referred to him as a dear friend. 凯特称他为亲爱的朋友。

People refer to him as the high priest. 人们称他为廉价杂志小说的专家。

We all affectionately refer to her as our elder sister. 我们都亲热地称她为大姐。

 

⑵具描述理解性as短语动词

词目：①describe…as ②represent…as ③interpret…as 

①describe…as 把…描述为

例：I hesitate to describe him as really clever. 我不愿说他真的聪明。【主动句】

I should describe the attempt as a failure. 我认为这次尝试失败了。

He described it as red with pink frills．他将之描述为红色且带有粉红色饰边。

His speech can only be described as defective.    他的演讲很有不妥之处。【被动句】

His character could best be described as odious.    他的人格用可憎来形容最贴切。

He is variously described as a hero, a genius and a fool. 

把他说成是英雄、天才、笨蛋，不一而足。

 

②represent…as 把…描述为【多用于被动句】

例：He represented himself as an expert．他把自己说成是专家。

The risks were represented as negligible.    把这么冒险的事说得微不足道。

He is represented as a man of great honour.    他被描述成一个获得极大荣誉的人。

The king is represented as a villain in the play.   在这出剧中把国王刻画成一个反面人物。

A page break is represented as a dotted line on screen.    屏幕上分页用虚线表示。

Physical addresses are represented as a 32-bit unsigned integer.   

物理地址是用一个32位的无符号整型编址的。

 

③interpret…as 把…理解为 →be interpreted as  被解释为

例：She interpreted his silence as arrogance.  她把他的沉默解释为傲慢。

We interpret a frown as a sign of disapproval.  我们把皱眉当作不赞成的表示。

The open door would be interpreted as an invitation. 将敞开的大门认作为邀请。

The reforms have been interpreted as window dressing.  这些变革被称作是装饰门面。

The user must enter a value that can be interpreted as the specified type.

用户必须输入可以解释为指定类型的值。

 

⑶义不相干的as短语动词

词目：①dress up as ②receive…as ③recommend…as

④respect…as ⑤symbolize…as

①dress up as 假扮／打扮成／装扮成

例：Children like to dress up as ghosts.   孩子们喜欢装扮成鬼。

He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.  他想要打扮成圣诞老人。

Mr.Green dressed up as a policeman in dark glasses. 格林先生伪装成一名戴墨镜的警察。

The children thought it great sport to dress up as pirates.  孩子们觉得装扮成海盗很好玩。

Yes, a lot. I like to dress up as the Superman or extraterrestrial. 

是的，很多。我喜欢装扮成超人或外星人。

 

②receive…as  接纳(某人)为…／欢迎、招待(客人等)【尤指正式地】

例：He would not receive her as his daughter-in-law.  他不愿承认她是他的儿媳。

She was received as an honored visitor．她以贵宾的身份受到款待。

He was received as a member of the club.  他被接受成为该俱乐部的一名成员。

You will be received as a special guest. 你将被当作一个特定的客人受到接待。

He was received as an honoured guest at the White House.   他在白宫受到贵宾的礼遇接待。

 

③recommend…as  推荐…为

例：I recommend him as an extremely good accountant．我推荐他一定能当个极好的会计师。

I recommend a young man as a vice-president for you, how about?

我推荐一个年轻人作为你的副总裁，如何？

The young man will be recommended as a deputy governor of the county branch.

这位年轻人将被推荐为县支行的副行长。

This information is only for reference, not recommended as operation instruction.

本消息仅供参考，不构成操作建议。

 

④respect…as承认…／把(某人)当…予以尊敬

例：They respect diplomatic immunity as valid．他们承认外交豁免权有效。

I want him to respect me as a career woman. 我希望他把我当作一个职业女性来尊重。

He is respected as a great scholar of history.    他作为一位伟大的历史学者而受尊敬。

Mary is respected as a good maths teacher.   玛丽作为一名优秀的数学教师而受到尊敬。

 

⑤symbolize…as 用…代表或象征

例：The poet has symbolized his lover as a flower．诗人用花象征他的爱人。

Pride is symbolized as a peacock.    骄傲被用孔雀来象征。

Cypress branches are often symbolized as mourning.  柏枝常被象徵为哀悼。

For instance, a conflict between two countries may be symbolized as a conflict between their presidents.  例如，两国之间的冲突可以用两国元首之间的冲突来作象征。

                                                 （未完待续）