英语单词apple（苹果）的来源

apple noun a round fruit with shiny red or green skin and firm white flesh: an apple pie ◆ apple sauce ◆ a garden with three apple trees

firm flesh 坚实的肉, 坚密的肉

请注意flesh和flash的区别。

apple pie n.苹果馅饼

apple sauce 调味苹果酱, 苹果沙司

[OE] Words related to apple are found all over Europe; not just in Germanic languages (German apfel, Dutch appel, Swedish äpple), but also in Balto-Slavonic (Lithuanian óbuolas, Polish jabtko), and Celtic (Irish ubhall, Welsh afal) languages.

apple在古英语中是äpple，和瑞典语是一样的。现代英语中的apple和荷兰语中的appel比较接近。在低地德语中也是appel。在现代德语中是apfel：

Apfel  [der] pl.Apfels 苹果。

Zwergapfel  [der] pl. Zwergaepfel 矮种苹果。

Zwerg  [der] pl. Zwerge 矮子。侏儒。

Zwergbaum  [der] pl. Zwergbaeume 矮树。盆景树。（Zwerg矮+baum树）

Baum  [der] 木。树。

德语中的Haus（房子）和英语中的house的音标是一样的：

house[haus]n.房子

也就是说，德语中的Haus和英语中的house读音是一样的。德语中的au读[au]。

德语中的Eis和英语中的ice（冰）读音也基本是一样的：

Eis  [das] 冰。

德语中ei读[ai]，请复习Einstein（爱因斯坦）。

强烈建议家长朋友们和孩子一起经常听听：

http://www.tudou.com/v/3OmBsLOnqI0/&resourceId=0_04_02_99&tid=0/v.swf

http://player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XMjI5OTUyMzcy/v.swf

请小朋友们仔细听听其中的Eis，baum是如何读的

请望子成龙的家长们仔细品味，看看里面是否有我们的影子。

The Old English version was äppel, which developed to modern English apple. Apparently from earliest times the word was applied not just to the fruit we now know as the apple, but to any fruit in general.

in general 通常,大体上, 一般而言

For example, John de Trevisa, in his translation of De proprietatibus rerum 1398 wrote ‘All manner apples that is, “fruit” that are enclosed in a hard skin, rind, or shell, are called Nuces nuts’.

nuces[5nju:sis]nux 的复数

nux[nQks][美俚]茶

The term earth-apple has been applied to several vegetables, including the cucumber and the potato (compare French pomme de terre), and pineapple (which originally meant ‘pine cone’, with particular reference to the edible pine nuts) was applied to the tropical fruit in the 17th century, because of its supposed resemblance to a pine cone.

pineapple[5painApl]n.凤梨, 菠萝

pine cone n.松果，松球

pine nut n.松仁, 松子

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