THE FIFTEEN BUILDING BLOCKS OF PUTTING

CHAPTER 4

The Seven Building Blocks of Stroke Mechanics(推杆力学原理的七个模块)

4.8 The Importance of Putterface Angle （杆面角度）

The putterface angle at the moment of impact has a tremendous effect. Even with the perfect path, poor face angle at the moment of impact will start your putts off-line big-time.

击球瞬间的杆面是非常关键的，即使推杆路径再完美，如果击球时的杆面角度不对，那击出的球肯定会偏离目标。

4.9 The Very Important Impact Point（触球点）

The point of contact between your putter and the ball determines how much energy is transferred to the ball at the moment of impact. And the amount of energy your putts receive determines both how fast and far the balls will roll and how much our putts will break.

推杆杆面与球的触及点决定了触球瞬间能量的传递效果，而球收到的能量决定了速度和距离，以及球滚动的折点。

*** The Sweetspot（甜点）

A common term in sports is “sweetspot”. When contact is made there, it feels most solid, which eliminates all rotation and wobble of the putterhead at impact, and which transfers the maximum energy possible from the stroke to the ball. It is possible to miss the sweetspot either in the vertical plane or the horizontal plane, which results in a mis-hit and a loss of energy.

在高尔夫这项运动中，有一个常用词—“甜点”。如果杆面与球的触点是在“甜点”，球手就会感觉很“爽”，因为这时候杆头的转动和摇晃最少，而且把摆动的能量尽可能地传给了球。但是我们经常或是横向或是纵向错过了“甜点”，结果不是起始线路变向，就是能量损失。

Some golfers try to hit up on their putts to produce overspin or topspin, and in doing so usually contact the ball very low on the puttface, near its bottom. This is bad, because it causes hand and muscle control of the putter. Hitting up on the ball also raise the effective putter loft, which can launch a ball up off the green and produce a bouncing, and therefore inconsistent, putt.

When you find yourself putting on soft and severely bumpy greens, you might want to try lunching your short putts slightly upward to avoid the footprints that would send them squirting left or right. True, this is not good stroke, but on truly bad surface it may be the least bad of your options.

有一些球员试着朝上击球来获得“spin”，为了达到这个效果，他们就用杆面的底部击球，这个很不好。因为这需要提着杆头。而且这样击球增大了实际杆面角度，被冲击的球跳跃前行，是一种不稳定的推杆。但是如果推杆要经过一段又软又不平的果岭，为了避免上面的鞋印对球滚动线路的影响，虽然这种方式并不好，但是也是不得已的一种选择。

Physical and Mental Factors（身体和精神因素）

4.10 Ball position, Posture, and Flow-Lines(球位、站姿、平行)

*** Ball Position（球位）

Any putting stroke that swings in an arc suspended from somewhere around your sternum (or some other spot between your shoulders) will have a bottom to its arc, a low point, a place where the sole of the club is closest to the ground. I have found the best place to position the ball in your stance is approximately two inches ahead of this bottom point. At this spot you have the best chance of striking the ball on an even-so-slight upward arc, as your putter comes form its lowest point. Striking the ball slightly on the upswing gets putts rolling on top of the grass without loft them too high.

Of course, where your putter contacts the ball also depends on the effective loft of the putterface at the moment of impact. The center ball is being struck slightly on the upswing by a putter with a small amount of loft, so it starts on top of the grass with almost no spin. This is the ideal situation. The other balls in this illustration also are struck at the same point in the stroke, but are launched upward or down, and receive more spin because there is more or less loft on the putterface. Since true overspin, backspin and bouncing do nothing but make putts roll less consistently, and spin effects are long gone before the ball reaches the hole.

推杆犹如是从双肩某一点悬挂而下，以弧度摆动。弧度的最低点，就是杆头的底最接近地面的地方。球位最好是在这个最低点前两英寸（瞄准线左侧）的地方。在这个点，弧度角开始渐渐上升，以微微向上的角度击球，让球在果岭草上滚而不至于弹跳。

击球点的位置还要看推杆杆面在击球时的角度。下图中间的球刚好被杆面角很小的从弧底开始上升的杆头击中，在草上滚动，几乎没有spin，这种状况最理想。另外两个球也在同样的位置被击中，但是上面一个杆面角大，使得球会弹起来，下面的一个是负杆面角，击中后的球方向是往下，两种情况都会产生spin，事实上，不管是哪种spin，导致的结果都是球的不稳定滚动，而且spin的效果在到达洞口前就被果岭草表面的摩擦抵消了。

*** Posture（站姿）

The angle between your back and your hips should be great enough to provide room for your arms to swing with your hands vertically below your shoulders. Your knees should be slightly flexed; enough to give you stability on windy days without making you feel crouched or uncomfortable.

The most comfortable and solid putting posture sets your center of mass (the center of your weight) over a spot between the balls of your feet. Leaning too far forward, so your weight gets out over your toes, can cause severe inconsistencies in the impact point of your putts. Leaning too far back away from the ball, places too much weight on your heels, which leads to instability particularly in windy conditions, again hindering solid and repeatable impact.

背和臀部所形成的角度要能让直挂在肩膀之间的手臂和手通过。膝盖保持适度灵活，在有风的日子能保持稳定，但不至于过于蜷缩和不自在。

让自己的重心位于两脚拇趾球之间，一个舒服和稳固的站姿。过于靠前，重心到了脚趾，杆头的晃动会使得击球点很不恒定；如果离开球过远，脚后跟承受大部分重量，那么在大风的天气很难保持稳固恒定的站位，影响击球。

*** Eye Position（眼睛位置）

Once your posture is correct, as described above, position your eyes somewhere directly over the aimline of your putt. Accomplish this by moving closer to or father away from the ball – not by changing your back angle or leaning over or back. It’s okay to set your eyes slightly behind the ball.

如果站姿对了，眼睛直对着下面的推杆瞄准线，可以通过移动脚位让眼睛对正，但不要为此而改变后背的角度。如果让眼睛对着球右侧的瞄准线，也可以。

*** Don’t Fight Your Flow-Lines.（身体瞄准）

The easiest way to putt is with the “flow-lines” of your body aligned parallel-left of your aimline. The lines of flow through my shoulders, forearms, hips, knees, and feet are all parallel and to the left of my Aimline.

如果肩膀、手臂、臀部，膝盖和脚都是平行与瞄准线的左侧，这样的站姿对于推杆来说就是最好的。

**Shoulders（肩膀）

It’s very important to start your setup with the flow-line of your shoulders parallel to your Aimline.

肩膀平行于瞄准线是一个好站姿的起始。

**Forearms（前臂）

Forearm rotation is probably the most frequent killer of putting strokes. The forearm-power is easy to get into because it feels natural, but it’s wrong, and it is something you have to resist. A sure sign of trouble is the golfer who carries his right forearm above and outside the perfect forearm plane. This is the forearm power position, form which it is difficult for the right forearm to not move over and in front of the left forearm through impact. Most golfers who putt from this forearm position miss putts to the left when they get excited, anxious, or scared.  

前臂的转动是推杆最大的毛病，生活中使用频率高的手臂很自然地会这样做。这个非常有害，一定要避免。有一个常见的问题是球手们的右手容易高出左手，也就是右手越出了双臂形成的平面，不由自主占据了主导的位置。这时候的右手容易出现主动，甚至在击球时越过左手。有这种问题的球手，当他们的情绪有了变化的时候，就容易出情况，球会拉左错失洞口。

**Eyes, Hips, Knees, and Feet（眼睛，臀部，膝盖和脚）

The alignment of your eyes, hips, knees and feet flow-line is important to your putting only in as much as they affect your brain or the orientation of your shoulder and forearm flow-line.

Eyes process information and feed it to your brain at all times, then your brain will make your body to do it, your eye-line should be parallel-left.

眼睛的瞄准会给大脑传递信息，大脑据此来指挥调整身体。而臀部，膝盖和脚的瞄准会影响到肩膀和前臂的瞄准。

*** The stance

I strongly discourage a narrow stance for putting. A narrow stance makes it too easy for the golfer to move and rotate the lower body. Furthermore, a narrow stance isn’t stable enough to resist being pushed around in the wind. Take a stance width that is at least as wide as your shoulders.

过于窄的站位非常不可取，容易引起晃动和转动。而且窄的站位更不利于在大风中推球。站位大致与肩膀同宽。

*** The Grip: Light Is Better Than Tight（握杆：松胜于紧）

Right pressure is better than tight, your hands should be dead rather than strong when putting. So the lighter your grip the less likely you are to “hit” of your putts and the more likely you will “stroke” them.

The grip that makes it easiest for most people to produce a pure-in-line stroke is the parallel-palms grip. The palms and the backs of both hands are parallel to the putter face, which means they are perpendicular to the intended putt-line. This motion is both easy to repeat and promotes a consistent position through impact.

轻松握杆，手的不作为远胜于强势。握松，就不会有敲球。手、手背平行于杆面，也就是垂直于瞄准线，这种握杆易于重复和保持击球时的稳定站位。

*** Low Body Motion and Looking（下半身的移动和看球）

Almost all golfers unknowingly move their bodies during the putting stroke. Rotating our lower body around your spine in your putting address position and you will see it turns your upper body as well, this also rotates your putterface angle, adding unknown uncontrollable, and unwanted variable to the starting line of your putts.

A different kind move is the “peek” in which the golfer both turns and looks up in the middle of his stroke in an attempt to see the result.

几乎所有的球手在推杆时都会不自觉地移动身体。在瞄准时如果移动下半身，上半身也同时会跟着移动，而上半身的移动就会引起杆面角的变化，给推击起始线增加了不必要的变量影响。

4.11 Putting Fitting（推杆装备）

Most golfers change their strokes to fit their putters when they should be changing their putters to fit their strokes. My belief is that you need to be fit for a putter before you waste too much time trying to work around a bad one.

许多球手不断地改变他们的推杆方式，而没有想到选择合适的推杆来适应他们的推杆方式。找到适合自己的推杆是非常有必要的，这能节约许多时间。

4.12 The Mind’s Role in Putting Stroke Mechanics（推杆中的脑力活动）

By far the most important thing in your mind prior to the putting stroke should be an image in your mind’s eye of the stroke you want to make. This should be a clear picture. The subconscious see this stroke image and uses it to tell the body what to do. The basic idea is to keep your conscious mind as a way to form a clear picture in your mind’s eye and build your confidence.

比推杆更重要的是在脑中有一幅即将要推的这一杆的完整图像：球是怎么走的，你是怎么推的？要在脑中非常清晰，潜意识“看”到了这一杆是如何进洞的，然后就指导身体如何动作。关键是有意识地训练用自己的“脑眼”看到这一幅球被推进洞的画面，以此来建立自己的自信推杆。