Lesson 131  Don't be so sure!  别那么肯定！

Lesson132  He may be ...  他可能是…… He may have been ...  他可能已经……

I'm not sure.  我不敢肯定。

New words and expressions 生词和短语

Egyptn．       埃及

abroad          adv．国外

worry             v．担忧

【课文内容】

Listen to the tape then answer this question.

What's the problem about deciding on a holiday?

听录音，然后回答问题。决定如何度假有什么为难的地方？

MARTIN：Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary?

GARY：We may go abroad. I'm not sure. My wife wants to go to Egypt. I'd like to go there, too.

We can't make up our minds.

MARTIN：Will you travel by sea or by air?

GARY：We may travel by sea.

MARTIN：It's cheaper, isn't it?

GARY：It may be cheaper, but it takes a long time.

MARTIN：I'm sure you'll enjoy yourselves.

GARY：Don't be so sure. We might not go anywhere. My wife always worries too much. Who's going to look after the dog? Who's going to look after the house? Who's going to look after the garden? We have this problem every year. In the end, we stay at home and look after everything!

【参考译文】

马丁：加里，今年你们打算去哪里度假？

加里：我们可能到国外去，但我不敢肯定。我妻子想到埃及去，我也想去那儿。我们还拿不定主意。

马丁：你们乘船去，还是乘飞机去？

加里：我们可能乘船去。

马丁：这更便宜些，是吗？

加里：可能是便宜些，但花的时间长。

马丁：我肯定你们一定会玩得很痛快。

加里：别那么肯定。我们可能哪里也去不成。我妻子总是担心这担心那的。谁来照看狗啦，谁来看管房子啦，谁来照料花园啦，我们每年都碰到这类问题。末了，我们呆在家里来照看一切

【单词讲解】

(名词)埃及
My wife wants to go to Egypt.
我妻子想到埃及去。

I hope I can go to Egypt one day.
我希望有一天能够去埃及。

The Kings are taking a  holiday in Egypt now.
金斯一家正在埃及度假。

pyramid             金字塔

mummy       木乃伊

Pharaoh           暴君，法老

Egyptian            adj.埃及的，埃及人的

abroad
(副词)国外

We may go abroad.
我们可能出国。

His son is now studying abroad.
他的儿子现在正在国外学习。

I've never lived abroad before.
我以前从来没有在国外生活过。

go abroad 出国，到国外

study abroad  留学
travel abroad 到国外旅行
from abroad 从国外来的，从海外来的
He just returned from abroad. 他刚刚从国外回来。

worry
(动词)担扰
My wife always worries too much.
我妻子总是忧心重重。

Don't worry,everything will be ok soon.
不要担心，一切都会好起来的。

She's worried that she might lose her job.

她担心自己会丢了那份工作

What’s worrying you?  什么事情使你烦恼
worried   adj. 烦恼的，焦虑的

2）n.埃及人，古代埃及语

Egyptians are hard-working people.  埃及人都很勤劳。

Notes on the text 课文注释
1 We may go abroad. 我们可能去国外。
在英文中用may来表示可能发生的事情，在may后面加动词原形。请注意may表示的是一种可能性，这与第127课所讲的表示有根据的推论是有区别的。
2 make up our minds, 打定主意。
3 Don't be so sure. 别那么肯定。
在祈使句中，be动词的否定形式要用don't be，这种结构常常用于劝告。
4 We might not go anywhere. 我们可能哪里也去不成。
might可以用来表示一种可能性，但它表示的“肯定”程度还不如may。和may一样，might所表示的是现在或将来的一种可能性。
5 look after, 照看。
6 in the end, 最后。

[语法]
情态助动词may表示可能性
may和might都表示“可能、也许”,might所表示的可能性要比may小，且当情况是虚拟时只能用might而不能用may。
may表示现在或将来的可能性：may+动词原形
The bread may be fresh.
He may be reading.
may也可表示过去的可能性：may have (done)
He was late. He may have been busy.
I went out last night, and she may have been reading

 

【课文讲解】

MARTIN：Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary?

1、 be going to 将来时态的表达方式之一表示打算，计划或安排去做某事。

2

--spend v. 花费时间，金钱，度过时光，假日等

--spend….on sth

--spend ….(in) doing sth

 spend v. 花费（时间，金钱）；度过（时光，假日）等

   ∴spend ，当“花费”讲时句型结构为：

 spend+money / time +on sth./ (in) diong sth. 花费金钱或时间做某事

  区别：

spend+money / time +on sth.  后面接事件，名词或代词；

       eg. She spends three hours on study every day. 她每天花三个小时在学习上

。She spends a lot of money on clothes. 她把大量的钱花在（买）衣服上

   spend+money / (in) diong sth. 后面接动作，动词或动词短语，而且in可以省

       eg. She spends three hours studying English every day. 她每天花三个小时学习英语。

  ∷spend ，当“度过”讲时句型结构为：

     spend + n.（时光、假日）+地点状语

--I spent my childhood in a small town. 我在一个小城镇度过了我的童年。

--I am going to spend my holidays in Sydney. 我打算到悉尼度假。

    GARY：We may go abroad. I'm not sure. My wife wants to go to Egypt. I'd like to go there, too. We can't make up our minds.

1、情态助动词may表示可能性“可能，也许，或许“

may和might都表示“可能、也许”,might所表示的可能性要比may小，且当情况是虚拟时只能用might而不能用may。

may表示现在或将来的可能性：may+动词原形

  --It may snow tomorrow. 明天也许会下雪。

 --If I’m busy, I may not go. 如果我忙的话，　也许就不去了

The bread may be fresh. 面包可能是新鲜的。

He may be reading.

may也可表示过去的可能性：may have (done)

He was late. He may have been busy.

他迟到了，大概是太忙了。

I went out last night, and she may have been reading.

我昨天晚上出去了，她可能一直在看书。

2、be sure  肯定

be sure of / about +n.  对……有把握

be sure that   肯定，确信

be sure to do  肯定，一定，务必

      eg. He is sure of success. 他确信他会成功。

         We are sure that he is innocent. 我们确信他是无辜的

         Be sure to call me at 5 o`clock. 五点务必打电话给我

  for sure   肯定的，有把握的

      eg. I'll finish them tomorrow for sure. 我明天一定把它们做完。

  make sure 确信 证实

      eg. I make sure I am going to faint. 我确信我要晕倒了。

  to be sure  肯定，的确，固然 ，后面多接but(口)

     eg. To be sure,he is kind. 的确，他心肠好。

Father isn’t rich, to be sure, but he is a gentleman.

的确，父亲并不富有，但他是个绅士

  Sure! (口语) “当然可以！”相当于certainly .

--May I open the window? Sure!

3、would like to do sth. 乐于干某事，想做某事

   would like sth. 想吃（喝，得到）某物

4、make up one`s mind  下决心，决定

    相当于decide,常跟to do sth. 表示决心或决定去做某事。

MARTIN：Will you travel by sea or by air?

1、选择疑问句，要求答话人在两个或多个人或事物中作出选择，不能用yes或no作回答.

Would you like some bananas or apples? 你想吃香蕉还是苹果？

--I’d like an apple. 我想来个苹果

GARY：We may travel by sea.

MARTIN：It's cheaper, isn't it?

1、It's cheaper. = It`s cheaper to travel by sea than by air.

isn't it?

与前面的陈述句一起构成反意疑问句。结构为：陈述句+反意的简略式疑问句。前后两部分在肯定与否定方面正好相反。

反意疑问句要用yes或no来回答，肯定与否根据事实来确定，不受问句中肯定与否定的影响。

—You are a student,aren`t you? 你是学生，不是吗？

—Yes,I am. 是的，我是。

—No,I`m not.I am a teacher. 不，我不是，我是一位老师。

You aren’t married, are you? 你没结婚吧，结了吗？

--Yes, I am. I married early. 不，我结婚了，我结婚比较早。

--You won’t travel by sea, will you? 你不会乘船去吧，会吗？

--Yes, I’ll go by sea. 不，我要乘船去。

 

英语中的yes和no用于对事实进行的肯定与否定，而汉语中的“是的“与”不是“是表示对问话人的态度是否赞同。

--I didn’t say anything, did I ? 我什么也没说，说了吗？

（说话人认为自己什么也没说。）   

--No, you didn’t.(事实是你什么也没说，所以你的说法是对的。)

是的，你什么也没说。

--I told you that many times, didn’t I ?  我告诉过你好多遍了，不是吗？

--Yes, you did. 是的，你告诉我好多遍了。

事实上你确实告诉我好多遍，你的说法也是对的，所以英汉表达是一致的。

 

GARY：It may be cheaper, but it takes a long time.

1、take 花费，占用

take 只能用于时间的花费，不能用于金钱。

It takes sb, some time to do sth. 花某人的时间做某事

eg.It took me 1 hour to do the job. 花了我一个小时的时间来做这件事。

Take 表示的是时间的占用，具有客观性；而spend表示人对时间有意识的花费，有主观性。

 2、it takes a long time.= it takes a long time to travel by sea.

MARTIN：I'm sure you'll enjoy yourselves.

1、宾语从句，you'll enjoy yourselves.作sure的宾语。

2、enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩的愉快

GARY：Don't be so sure.

Don't be so sure. = Don't be so sure of it. = Don't be so sure that we`ll enjoy ourselves.

We might not go anywhere.

（1）might 是 may 的过去式

 情态动词的过去式不表示过去，而往往是表示一种更为婉转的语气

（2）anywhere  任何地方，副词作状语

   somewhere 某地，用于肯定句

   nowhere  没有任何地方

My wife always worries too much. Who's going to look after the dog? Who's going to look after the house? Who's going to look after the garden? We have this problem every year. In the end, we stay at home and look after everything!

（1）problem 存在的需要解决的问题

   question  疑问，需要回答的问题

（2）in the end 最后，到头来，说明结果

   finally    最后，说明次序

   at last    最后，终于（说明目的的实现）

（3）look after

look after 照看，看管，

--look after the children 看管孩子

--look after the house 看管房子

--have this problem 有这个问题

--have a problem 有一个问题

--have many problems 有许多问题

--problem 存在的需要解决的问题

--question　疑问，需要回答的问题

--in the end 最后，到头来，说明结果

--finally 最后，说明次序

--at last 最后，终于（说明目的的实现）

。

Lesson132  He may be ...  他可能是…… He may have been ...  他可能已经……

I'm not sure.  我不敢肯定。

Written exercises 书面练习

A Read the conversation in Lesson 131 again. Then answer these questions.

重读第131课的对话，然后回答以下问题：

1 Is Martin talking to Gary?

2 Where may Gary and his wife go this year?

3 Who wants to go to Egypt?

4 How will they travel?

5 Isn't it cheaper to travel by sea?

6 Doesn't it take a long time?

7 Why might Gary and his wife not go anywhere?

B Answer these questions.

模仿例句回答以下问题。

Examples：  

Do you think she is Danish? (Swedish)

I'm not sure. She may be Swedish.

Do you think she was Danish? (Swedish)

I'm not sure. She may have been Swedish.

1 Do you think they are Canadian? (Australian)

2 Do you think she is Finnish? (Russian)

3 Do you think they are Japanese? (Chinese)

4 Do you think they were butchers? (bakers)

5 Do you think she was a dentist? (doctor)

6 Do you think he is a sales rep? (the boss)

7 Do you think she is seventeen? (twenty-one)

8 Do you think they were five? (seven)

9 Do you think he was seventy-six? (over eighty)

10 Do you think she was fifty-five? (under fifty)

11 Do you think it is the 17th today? (16th)

12 Do you think it was Tuesday yesterday? (Wednesday)

13 Do you think it is the 19th today? (20th)

14 Do you think it is cheap? (expensive)

15 Do you think it was easy? (difficult)

16 Do you think she was old? (young)

17 Do you think he was ill? (tired)

18 Do you think they are listening to the radio? (watching television)

19 Do you think she was retiring? (looking for a new job)

20 Do you think they are sitting? (standing)