Lesson 99  Ow!  啊哟！

Lesson 100  He says that…  She says that…

They say that…  他/她/他们说……

Listen to the tape then answer this question. Must Andy go to see the doctor?
听录音，然后回答问题。安迪需要去看医生吗？
ANDY：Ow!
LUCY：What's the matter, Andy?
ANDY：I slipped and fell downstairs.
LUCY：Have you hurt yourself?
ANDY：Yes, I have. I think that I've hurt my back.
LUCY：Try and stand up. Can you stand up? Here. Let me help you.
ANDY：I'm sorry, Lucy. I'm afraid that I can't get up.
LUCY：l think that the doctor had better see you. I'll phone Dr. Carter.
LUCY：The doctor says that he will come at once. I'm sure that you need an X-ray, Andy.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
OW   int. 哎哟
slip  v.滑倒，滑了一脚
fall     (fell     fallen   )v.落下，跌倒
downstairs   adv.下楼
hurt   (hurt  hurt   v.伤，伤害，疼痛
back           n.背
stand up          起立，站起来
help             v.帮助
at once         立即
sure        adj.一定的，确信的
X-ray  n. X光透视  
Notes on the text课文注释
1 fell downstairs，从楼梯上摔下来。
downstairs是副词，修饰fell，作状语。
2 Try and stand up.试着站起来。在英语中；常用and把两个动词连接在一起，如第13课的come upstairs and see it.这种句子往往用来鼓励某种动作。
3 Here在这里是感叹词，意思是“来”或“喂”，引起别人注意。
4 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。其中let有“允许”的意思。注意在let后面要加不带to的动词不定式。
5 The doctor says that he will come at once.
在英文中如T果要把某人所说的话告诉另一个人，要用间接引语。间接引语不用引号，往往在引语前加that等引导词。

参考译文
安迪：啊哟！
露西：怎么了，安迪？
安迪：我滑了一跤，从楼梯上摔下来了。
露西：你摔伤了没有？
安迪：是啊，摔伤了。我想我把背摔坏了。
露西：试试站起来。你能站起来吗？来，让我帮你。
安迪：对不起，露西，恐怕我站不起来。
露西：我想最好请医生来给你看一下。我去给卡特医生打电话。
露西：医生说他马上就来。安迪，我看你需要做一次X光透视。

ow

(感叹词)哎哟

Ow!

哎哟！

Ow,my feet hurt!

哎哟，我的脚很痛。

Ow,I cut my finger.

哎哟，我切到手指了。

slip

(动词)滑倒，滑了一跤

I slipped and fell downstairs.

我滑一跤，从楼梯上摔下来了。

He slipped away without being seen.

他悄悄溜走，没被人看到。

Suddenly,Frank slipped and fell on the floor.

弗兰克忽然滑倒，摔倒在地板上。

slip[slip]（slipped, slipped）v. 滑到，滑了一跤

（1） v. 滑倒，滑了一跤

slip in the mud 滑倒在泥泞中

slip on the stairs 在楼梯上滑倒

Eg:  I slipped on the icy road and hurt my ankle.我在结冰的路上滑倒了，伤了脚踝。

（2）v. 滑落

Eg:The pen slipped from my hand.钢笔从我的手中滑落。

Eg:The glass slipped out of his hand and broke.玻璃杯从他的手中滑落，打碎了。

（3） v. 溜走

Eg:He slipped out of the room.他偷偷地溜出房间。

slip away / off              不辞而别

Eg:She slipped away from the party.她从舞会上偷偷地溜了出去。

（4）n. 疏忽，错误

a slip of the pen   笔误

a slip of the tongue     口误

fall

(动词)落下，跌倒

The rain fell down on her face.

雨落在了她的脸上。

I fell and hit my head.

我摔了一跤，把头撞了。

fall[fɔ:l]（fell, fallen）v. 落下，跌倒； n. 秋天

（1） v. 落下，跌倒

Eg:She fell into the river yesterday.她昨天掉进河里去了。

Eg:Leaves fall in autumn.秋天叶子都落了。

（2） v. 下降

Eg:The temperature will fall tomorrow.明天的气温将下降。

The petrol price has fallen.油价已经跌下去了。

（3）和fall 相关的短语

① fall across       偶然碰到…，与…邂逅

Eg:He fell across his former girl friend yesterday.昨天他偶然碰到了他以前的女朋友。

② fall asleep              入睡（强调从没睡到睡着的过程）

Eg:He was  just falling asleep.The doorbell rang.他刚要睡着，门铃响了。

Did you fall asleep in class, Bill?

你在上课时睡觉了，比尔？

③ fall in love with…           爱上某人

Eg:He fell in love with her at the first sight.他对她一见钟情

downstairs

(副词)下楼

The dog ran downstairs with me.

小狗和我一起下了楼梯。

My parents live downstairs.

我的父母住在楼下。

反义词 upstairs

go downstairs                下楼去

be downstairs         在楼下 

hurt

(动词)伤害，疼痛

Have you hurt yourself?

你摔伤了没有？

Where does it hurt?

你哪里痛？

Be careful not to hurt yourself,the knife is sharp!

小心别伤到自己，这把刀很锋利。

 

1） v. 伤

Eg:His daughter fell off the bike and hurt her back.他的女儿从自行车上掉了下来，伤了她的背。

Fell off  从…掉下来…

（2） 伤害感情

Eg:I feel hurt.我感到受到了伤害。

（3） v. 疼痛

Eg:Does it hurt?痛吗？

 

 

to injure yourself or someone else

Hurt  ---- to damage part of your body, or someon else’s body

           She slipped on the ice and hurt herself badly.

               Be careful you don’t hurt anyone with that knife.  

 

Injure  ---  to hurt yourself quite severely, or to be hurt in an accident or fighting

                One of our players has injured his leg, and will be out of the game for weeks.

  Four people have been seriously injured on the Arizona highway

 

Wound --------  to deliberately hurt someone using a weapon such as a knife or gun

 

Maim ----------  [usually passive] to hurt someone very severely, especially so that they lose an arm, leg etc, often as the result of an explosion

 

In countries where there are landmines, people are killed and maimed daily

 

Break  --------to hurt a part of your body by breaking a bone in it

              The X-ray showed that I had broken my wrist.

 

when part of your body feels painful

hurt  ---- if part of your body hurts, it feels painful

 My chest hurts when I cough.

Ache ------- to hurt with a continuous pain

              (continuing to happen or exist without stopping → continue)

               continuous economic growth

I’d been walking all day and my legs were really aching.

Pinch ---  if something you are wearing pinches you, it is too tight and presses painfully on your skin

The shirt was a bit too small and it was pinching my neck.

sth is killing me ---------   spoken informal used when something feels very painful

                 My legs are killing me

                   These shoes are killing me

 

a bad back/leg/arm etc

             if you have a bad back/leg/arm etc, it feels painful

                       He’s off work with a bad back

.                                                                  (be off work停止工作

 

Burn ---------  to feel very hot and painful or uncomfortable

Be careful because this chemical will make your skin burn

His eyes were burning because of the gas

 

Smart ----------:to hurt with a sudden sharp pain – used especially about your eyes, or your skin where something has hit you

Her eyes were smarting from the thick smoke.

Bob’s face was still smarting from the punch.

 

 

 

 

 

back

(名词)背

I think that I've hurt my back.

我想我把背摔坏了。

They are sitting on the backs of the horses.

他们正坐在马背上。

He carried the heavy bag on his back.

他把那个很重的袋子背在背上。

1） n. 背，背部

lie on one's back        面朝天地躺着

fall on one's back       面朝天地摔倒

Eg:My back hurts.我的背部痛。

（2）n. 背面

the back of the hand   手背

the back of the paper        纸的背面

the back of a piece of cloth              一块布的背面

（3） n. 后面，后部

Eg:There are two students at the back of the classroom.教室的后面有2名学生。

at the back of 在…后面…

（4） adv. 在后，向后

stand back    向后站

（5） adv. 回原处

go back to …              回到…

come back to …          回来到…

put these books back        把书放回原处

stand up

起立，站起来

Try and stand up.

试试站起来。

I stood up when I heard somebody call my name.

听到有人叫我，我就站了起来。

Just sit down;you don't need to stand up.

请坐下，你不用站起来的。

sit down        坐下

stand on one's head          倒立

stand on one's own feet            独立，不依赖别人，自食其力

stand behind        做…的后盾，支持…

Eg:I will stand behind you all the time.我将一直支持你。

stand up to …             经受住，勇敢面对

He's too weak to stand up to her.

他软弱的无法面对她

stand well with      与…和睦相处

Did you stand well with him then?

那时候你和他的关系相处得好吗?

help

(动词)帮助

Let me help you.

让我帮助你。

Can I help you.,sir?

先生，我能帮你吗？

Could you help me to open the door,please.

你能帮我开开门吗？

1） v. 帮助

Eg:Can I help you ?

help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题，摆脱困境

Eg：I don't know how to do this work. Please help me out.我不知道怎么做这项工作，请帮我一把。

help sb. with sth. 

Eg:You are so kind to help me with the housework.你帮我做家务真是太多了。

Eg:Can you help me with English?你能帮我学英语吗？

（2） n. 帮助

Eg:Thank you for your help.

Eg:We need your help.

Eg：I hope that I can be any help for you.我希望我能对你有所帮助

at once

(立即)

The doctor says that he will come at once.

医生说他马上就来。

Turn off the TV at once!

马上把电视关上！

I think we should leave at once.

我想我们应该马上离开。

right now      立刻

Eg:They will go back to the office at once.他们将立即回到公司。

Eg：You'd better go to see the doctor at once.你应该立即去看医生

sure

(形容词)一定的，确信的

I'm sure that you need an X-ray,Andy.

安迪，我看你需要做一次X光透视。

Are you sure?

你确定吗？

I'm not sure whether he will come or not.

我不是很确定他是否会来。

（作表语）

（1）Be sure of  确信

Eg:Are you sure of it?你能肯定吗？

Eg:Do you feel sure about it?   你对他有把握吗？(feel sure about常用于否定句或疑问句]对…有把握(或能肯定)

Eg:I am sure that he will come.我肯定他会来。

I'm sure I don't know.我真的不知道。

（2）be sure and … （口）千万要，一定要…

Eg:Be sure and remember what I told you.千万要记住我对你讲的话。

Eg:Be sure and take the medicine.一定要吃药。

feel sure of oneself            有自信心

be sure of oneself             

Eg:She always feels sure of herself.她总是很自信。

X-ray

(名词)X光透视

The X-ray showed that her arm was not broken.

X光透视显示胳膊没断。

the doctor sent him for an X-ray

医生让他去拍X光片

 

licence

(名词)执照

May I see your licence,please?

请出示你的执照。

How much does it cost to get a driving licence.

申请一个驾驶执照需要多少钱？

 

 

 

  【课文讲解】

ANDY:    Ow!

LUCY:    What's the matter, Andy?

What's wrong?

What happened?

ANDY:    I slipped and fell downstairs.

slip (过去式slipped)    滑倒

fell 是fall 的过去式

fall downstairs             从楼上摔下来

downstairs 是副词，修饰fell

fall off …              从…跌落

Eg:Her grandmother fell off  the bed last night.昨天夜里，她的奶奶从床上摔下来。

fall out of              从…里面掉出去

Eg:The poor girl fell out of the window.这个可怜女孩从窗户里掉出去了。

fall down       摔倒

Eg:He tried to stand up, but he fell down again.他试图站起来，但是又摔倒了。

LUCY:    Have you hurt yourself?

hurt oneself         伤到自己

hurt yourself        伤到你自己

现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。

ANDY:    Yes, I have. I think that I've hurt my back.

I think    后面接宾语从句

I've hurt my back.

我的背摔伤了。这句话由“that”引导，做think的宾语。

Eg:I think that she has already gone to bed.我想她已经上床睡觉了。

He thinks that he is right.他认为他是正确的。

LUCY:    Try and stand up. Can you stand up? Here. Let me help you.

Eg:Come upstairs and see it.上楼来看一看吧。

Eg:Go and buy a new dress.去买条新裙子吧！

try to do        尽力，设法做…

Eg:I try to find him out.我设法把他找出来。

Eg:You should try to help her.你应该尽力帮助她。

try doing              试着…

Eg:He tries telling his mother the truth.他试着把真相告诉他的妈妈。

can 情态动词，“能够”

疑问句中，can 放在句首。

Let me help you.  让我来帮你。

Let sb. do sth.             让某人做某事

Eg:Let him go.     放开他，让他走。

 ANDY:   I'm sorry, Lucy. I'm afraid that I can't get up.

I'm afraid ("我恐怕")，后面接由that引导的宾语从句。I can't get up,做afraid的宾语。

get up = stand up （这里）

get up          起床

 LUCY: I think that the doctor had better see you. I'll phone Dr. Carter.

I think 后面接宾语从句。“the doctor had better see you”由that引导做think的宾语。

had better    最好…    （后面加动词原形）

Eg:The doctor had better see you.最好请医生给你看一下。

Eg:She'd better call her mother now.她最好给她的妈妈打个电话。

phone the doctor = call the doctor给医生打电话

 LUCY: The doctor says that he will come at once. I'm sure that you need an X-ray, Andy.

在英文中如果要把某人所说的话告诉另一人要用间接引语，一般由that引导。

The doctor says that…      医生说，后面是Lucy转述医生的话，是间接引语。

I'm sure that …    后面接宾语从句

I'm sure …           我确信…

Eg:I'm sure it will rain tomorrow.我确信明天会下雨。

X-ray 注意X字母的读音是以元音音素开头的，因此前面的不定冠词要用an。

【课后小结】

fall downstairs     从楼上摔下来

hurt one's back    伤到后背

stand up                     站起来

I am afraid that… 我恐怕…（后面接宾语从句）

get up                 起来，站起来

had better do…           最好…

I'm sure that…            我确信…（后面接宾语从句）

[语法]
宾语从句
宾语从句在句中作宾语，一般用that引导，但在口语中经常省略掉that。可用在say，think，believe，hope，know，understand，suppose等动词之后；也可用在某些描写感情的形容词之后，如afraid，sure，sorry，glad等之后。
如果间接引语中的引述动词是现在时，那么其后的时态通常与原来口头陈述句的时态相同。
I know that I can repair this car.
I am sorry that you are ill.
宾语从句还可以由when，where，what，why，how以及if和whether来引导，而它们在句中不能省略，且宾语从句通常都应以陈述句的形式出现。.

S +be adj./v. +if +一般疑问句

I want to know if you went to London last week

S +be adj./v. +特殊疑问句 +陈述句
I don’t know what you are talking about.

Lesson 100  He says that…  She says that…

They say that…  他/她/他们说……

New words and expressions生词和短语

licence ['laisəns] n.执照

【单词讲解】

licence n.执照

driving licence 驾照

Written exercises书面练习

A Rewrite these sentences.

模仿例句把下列句子改写成间接引语。

Example：

He is drinking his milk. He says that he is drinking his milk.

1 She has found her pen.

2 They must remain here.

3 He remembers you.

4 She doesn't speak English.

5 They're washing the dishes.

B Answer these questions.

模仿例句用间接引语回答以下问题。

Examples：

What's the matter with him? (feel/tired)

He says that he feels tired.

What do they want? (some/money)

They lay that they want lame money.

1 What's the matter with him?                  (feel/ill)

2 What's the matter with her?                   (have got/a headache)

3 What does he want?                             (a haircut)

4 What's the matter with them?                (are/thirsty)

5 What's the matter with them?                (have/a toothache)

6 What does she need?                            (a licence)

7 What does he want?                             (an X-ray)

8 What's the matter with her?                   (is/cold)

9 What's the matter with him?                  (have got/a cold)

10 What's the matter with him?                (have/an earache)