Uint7
II. Basic Listening Practice
12. Script
M: We offer all kinds of tours and excursions. DO you have anything particular in mind?
W: Not really, we’d just like to see the local sights and have an English speaking guide. It would be good if they were someone local too. My husband is interested in the local stories and folklore.
Q: What does the woman mention as one of her preferences?
2. Script
M: Are you joining a tour group when you go to Indonesia?
W: No, I’m going to backpack my way round. I like being independent and seeing things at my own pace. Besides, there’s more chance of meeting local people that way. I’ve just got to be careful.
Q: what dose the woman want?
3. Script
W: Hey, could you bring your video camera to the kids’ concert tomorrow? I’d love to capture it on film.
M: No problem. I’ll burn it to a DVD for you afterwards, then you can watch it at home.
Q: How will the woman watch the concert later in the week?
4. Script
W: I can’t find that track I really like anywhere. It’s not on CDs in any of the shops, and I really want it on a CD.
M: Well, let’s look online. Maybe we can download it, then burn it to a CD.
Q: What does the man suggest doing to get the track?
5. Script
W: Here’s a riddle: You love deep-sea finishing in Florida, and you’re crazy about skiing in Canada, but you can’t afford even one vacation home. What do you do?
M: I buy a share in two holiday homes, so I own a week or more at each place. Timesharing is the way many people afford seemingly expensive holidays.
Q: What advice does the man give for people unable to afford expensive holiday homes?
Keys: 1.A 2.A 3. D 4.B 5.C
III. Listening In
Task 1: I’m doing a lot of things on the computer!
Script
Barbara: Jack, you’re sitting in front of your computer again! The sea and the sand are only steps only away. Why are you wasting these beautiful holidays? The summer will be over before you know it.
Jack: I’m not wasting the holidays as you say. The computer is a good thing. On the Internet you can go to any part of the world; I can see everything in the world. It’s more real than reality.
Barbara: But…but you can’t spend your entire summer watching that screen. You’ll get a big bottom.
Jack: I’m not just watching the screen. I’m doing a lot of things—I’m sending e-mails, I’m learning things, I’m chatting in chat rooms…
Barbara: Right! But I’ll bet you’re spending most of your time playing computer games—a time-wasting, mindless activity that I’ll turn your brain into Chinese doufoo.
Jack: No, it isn’t a single mindless pastime. It’s many activities: role-playing games, arcade games, adventure games, strategy games…
Barbara: I understand the computer is a wonderful thing, but you have to be careful not to get too much of a good thing. Every life needs some variety in it. It would be a lot healthier if you played a chess game outdoors, in the park.
Jack: It wouldn’t be the same. In those games in the park I can’t play against the grandmaster of Moscow, can I? And there are creative games in the computer, where I can learn city planning and psychology.
Barbara: Well, what about me? Don’t you think I’d like a little attention?
Jack: Now, Baby, that’s no way to talk. After all this time together, you know I love you.
Barbara: I’m not so sure any more. It’s time you made a choice. Is it going to be more me or the computer?
Jack: Well…
1. Where does this dialog probably take place?
2. What dose the man like to do according to the dialog?
3. What does the woman mean when she says the man’s brain will turn into Chinese doufoo?
4. What does the man think about a chess game outdoors?
5. What does the woman mean when she says, “Don’t you think I’d like a little attention?”
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3. C 4.D 5.C
For Reference
1. He says that in those games in the park he can’t play against the grandmaster of Moscow. And there are creative games in the computer, where he can learn city planning and psychology,
2. She asks him to make a choice between her and the computer.
Task3: The Modern Circus
Script
The first modern circus was staged in London in 1768 by Philip Astley, a former English cavalry officer, who performed as a trick ride. Beginning with a visit to Paris in 1772, Astley introduced the circus in cities throughout continental Europe and was responsible for establishing permanent circuses in a number of European countries as well as in England. A circus was first presented in 1793 at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg.
By the early 19th century, several permanently-based circuses were located in larger European cities. In addition, small traveling shows moved from town to town in covered wagons in which the performers lived. The traveling shows were usually simple affairs, featuring a fiddler or two, a juggler, a ropedancer, and a few acrobats. In the early circuses such performers gave their shows in open spaces and took up a collection for pay; later, the performers used elaborate shows. In the earlier part of the 19th century a main feature of the permanent circus program was the presentation of grams that included displays of horsemanship. Throughout the 19th century the circus evolved in programming and management. Initially, trained horse and horsemanship performances dominated circuses, but ropedancing, juggling, acrobatic acts, wild-animal acts, and clowning were all introduced within the first few decades. The flying trapeze, an important part of the modern circus, was not invented until 1858, and the street parade and sideshow did not become standard circus events until later in the 19th century. Tents are believed to have come into use in the 1820s, but it is uncertain whether they appeared first in Europe or in the United States.
Nowadays, the entertainment activities offered at a circus are more elaborate, generally consisting of displays of horsemanship, exhibitions by gymnasts, aerialists, wild-animal trainer, performing animals, and comic performance by clowns.
27. What was Phillip Astley especially good at?
28. According to the passage, what was true of the early traveling shows?
29. What acts were featured in permanent circus programs in the early 19th century?
30. When were wild-animal acts introduced?
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
Keys: 1C 2.A3. B 4.B 5.D
For Reference
They are more elaborate, generally consisting of displays of horsemanship, exhibitions by gymnasts, aerialists, wild-animal trainer, performing animals, and comic performance by clowns
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: The History of Chinese Acrobatics
Script
Welcome to the magnificent world of the Beijing Acrobats! Here the impossible is made of possible, and “daring” only begins to describe their amazing performance. The Beijing Acrobats are comprised of the finest acrobatic troupes in China today and have received acclaim from countries around the world. An outgrowth of Great China Circus, popular during the 1920’s, this group became an integrated professional acrobatic company in 1958.
Many of the magnificent and sophisticated feats we see today were performed even in ancient times. The history of Chinese acrobatics is rich in tradition and dates back over 2,000 years. It began with folk arts; tumbling, juggling ordinary household objects and balancing.
Myth and religion also influenced the acrobatic performing arts. The Lion Dance is Buddhist in origin. It was a symbol for the spirit of renewal and for avoiding bad luck. Throughout the history of China the acrobatic arts flourished, but in varying degrees. Originally, court entertainments were formal and monotonous, quite the opposite of the lively folk arts of the people. Eventually, however, the excitement of the acrobats’ amazing feats caught and held the attention of the ruling class. Acrobatic performers were routinely invited to the court to entertain and impress the Emperors. These varied acts of tumbling, singing, dancing and juggling became known as “The Hundred Entertainments” in the Han Dynasty, more than 2, 000 years ago. The acrobatic arts have always maintained their popularity with the people. Today the acrobatics of families carry on this highly-acclaimed tradition. Children begin training at a young age to do handstands on a chair, balance jar, spin plates and throw knives; they stick to a strict training schedule which they follow the rest of their lives.
Now let’s sit back, relax and enjoy the shows as our performers reveal to you their mastery of an ancient art from, thousands of years in the making!
27. Where does this speech probably occur?
28. When was the Great China Circus popular?
29. How long is the history of Chinese acrobatics?
30. According to the passage, what does the lion in a Lion Dance symbolize?
5. How long do acrobats receives training?
Keys: 1D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
Task 2: Exercise to Relax
Script
Wendy: What a day…a walk on the beach, bodysurfing, an hour of pumping iron, followed by a nice long jog. Maybe we can finish off with a little badminton this evening.
Howard: Groan.
Wendy: So far this week, we’ve played beach volleyball, gone hiking, gone swimming, and ridden mountain bikes. Don’t you feel better in mind and body than when we arrived here?
Howard: To tell the truth, I ache all over. My muscles are complaining that they’re being mistreated.
Wendy: Oh, now, admit it: This is the way to get the most out of life. This is how Nature intended us to live. I’ll bet you’d be exercising even if I weren’t here.
Howard: Not a chance. Whenever I feel the urge to exercise, I lie and wait for the feeling to pass. I prefer sitting around fishing or resting on a comfortable chair and watching the grass grow or stretching out on the beach while the sun slowly sets.
Wendy: You’re a lazy lump. Before long you’ll be fat and weak and short of breath. If you think we had a big workout this week, just wait till next week. We’re going rafting, and after that, I want to go camping and mountain climbing.
Howard: Know what you are? You’re fitness freak. You’re hooked on exercise.
Wendy: Well, that may be true. But I’ll make a deal with you. If you promise to go camping with me next week, we’ll go to a movie this weekend.
Howard: Wonderful. Just what I was waiting to hear. It sounds like a great chance to relax. Maybe someday I can even help you break free from that horrible fitness habit.
Wendy: That’ll be the day!
Keys: FTTFF
Uint8
II. Basic Listening Practice
1. Script
M: Scentists claim the world population has 99.5% of the same DNA.
W: But this doesn’t tell us there is no such thing as race.
Q: What is true of the DNA of difference races?
2. Script
W: With the advent of the genetic map we know where everything is, but do we know where to go with it?
M: Your map seems to differ largely from my geographical map!
Q: What does the man imply?
3. Script
M: As you know, it has taken millions of years of evolution and natural selection to get us where we are today.
W: Yes, but now that we have genetic engineering, we seem to have decided that we want to be God.
Q: What does the woman imply?
4. Script
M: I think the research into cloning will lead us into dangers, filling us with false hopes of perfection.
W: It’s too late to turn back the clock. We’ll just have to depend on common sense to solve uncommon problems.
Q: What does the woman mean?
5. Script
W: In America, many prisoners are having their cases reviewed, and some have even been freed through DNA testing.
M: Except for the ones whose death sentence has already been carried out.
Q: What can we learn about DNA testing from the dialog?
Keys: 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C
III. Listening In
Task 1: Stem Cell Research
Script
Gregory: The Republican party in America is opposing stem cell research. I find it
hard to believe that in this day and age, someone would do that.
Lillian: Stem cell research sounds pretty impressive, I’ll admit. But just what is it?
Gregory: Well, a stem cell is a special type of cell. It is a general cell that, when it
devides, can become any specific type of cell.
Lillian: You mean, a stem cell can become a heart cell? Or a brain or a kidney cell?
Gregory: That’s about it. Stem cells are a part of the body’s maintenance and repair
system. When they divide, they can become any cell type.
Lillian: I guess there would be some tremendous medical advantages in that sort of
research.
Gregory: You’ve said a mouthful. Recently, scientists were able to help a man who
lost a jawbone for cancer. They recreated bone material for his jaw from stem cells. What it means is that since the new bone was created out of the person’s own cells, there was no problem with rejection because the DNA was the same.
Lillian: I bet the person was delighted. Why would anyone oppose that sort of research? It would seem to have endless potential to benefit the human race.
Gregory: I agree, but there are people who think we should not interfere with nature and manipulate “what is natural”.
Lillian: It’s easier to hold such a narrow view if you’re not in a position to need the benefits of the research. If you’re missing a jawbone because of cancer, you probably support the research.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
2. Who is against stem cell research?
3. What is special about a stem cell?
4. When can a stem cell become another cell type?
5. According to the passage, why do some people oppose stem cell research?
Keys: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.D
Task 2: The Improvement of Rice
Script
Scientists now know a lot more about a grain that people have eaten for ten thousand years. (S1) Research teams around the world have completed a map of the (S2) genes of rices. The findings appeared last week in the (S3) journal Nature.
The aim is to speed up the improvement of rice. The scientists (S4) warn that the kinds of rice plants used now have reached the limit of their (S5) productivity. Yet world rice production must (S6) grow by an estimated 30 percent in the next twenty to meet demand. By 2025, as many as 4.6 billion people will depend on rice for (S7) survival. There is a lot of pressure on breeders to improve the crop, and the rice genome is a valuable tool to do that. (S8) Plant breeders have already used preliminary information from the rice genome to create experimental strains of rice that better resist cold and pests.
The researchers also say rice is an excellent choice for genetic mapping and engineering. Rice genes have only about 390 million chemical bases. That maight sound like a lot. But other major food grains have thousands of millions. (S9) The new map could better explain more than just rice. Rice shares a common ancestor with other cereal crops. Because rice is the first cereal crop to be fully analyzed, researchers expect that sufficient knowledge of its genetic information will reveal the heredity of more complex grains, including corn, wheat and barley.
(S10) While significant progress has been made in the analysis of the rice genome, the mapping of human genes is also making headway. When scientists can identify and manipulate genes that cause certain diseases, mankind will cure them easily. The human genetic map may help us control a person’s height, weight, appearance and even length of life.
Task3: The First Cloned Cat
Script
In the age-old battle of cats and dogs, score one for the cats. Researchers at Texas A&M University recently announced that they have successfully cloned a cat name Rainbow—the first pet ever cloned—after several years of unsuccessful efforts to clone a dog name Missy.
The ork, financed by a company hoping to provide pet-cloning services to wealthy owners, adds cats to a growing list of successfully cloned animals that includes pigs, sheep, cattle and mice.
The success demonstrates cloning is a technology that could be transferred to other animal families as well. The accomplishment may provide new tools for studying diseases such as cats’ AIDS, a valuable research model for AIDS in humans.
Research into animal cloning remains an important scientific alternative until the issue of human cloning is settled. And that seems unlikly in the immediate future, for it involves religious and moral principles. There are, for example, groups that insist no one should be allowed to take on the role of God the Creator.
To create cloned cat embryos for the experiment, researchers transferred DNA from adult cat cells into egg cells stripped of their own genetic information. Out of 82 attempts with cloned embryos, one attempt resulted in a failed pregnancy, and another yielded a kitten named CC, delivered from a surrogate mother on December 22. The kitten’s name refers to “Carbon Copy” and “Copycat”, the name of the cloning project.
Cloning attempts with dogs have proven unsuccessful in part because dogs’reproductive cycles are more complicated.
The technique may also work with endangered cats such as the African wildcat, fishing cat and blackfooted cat.
Ironically, the increased knowledge of cat reproduction may best be suited for developing cat contraceptives to control the U.S. cat population.
1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
1. What did researchers at Texas A&M University recently announce?
2. Which animals are NOT mentioned in the passage as having been cloned?
3. According to the passage, why is human cloning unlikely to happen in the near future?
4. What does the passage say about the pregnancy and birth in cat cloning?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Confident enough to control your fate?
Script
Some people are born with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate. New research shows that part of those feelings are in the genes.
Psychologists have long known that people confident in their ability to control their fates are more likely to adjust well to growing old than those who feel they drift on the currents of fate.
Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence, or lack of it, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.
They also found that the belief in blind luck—a conviction that chance plays a big role in life—is something learned in life and has nothing to do with heredity.
The research was conducted by Nancy Pedersen, a professor of psychology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. The results were recently published in the United States in the Journal of Gerontology.
People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an “internal locus of control”, and have a better chance of being well adjusted in their old age, said Pedersen. An “external locus of control”,believing that outside forces determine the course of life, has been linked to depression in latter years, she said.
“We are trying to understand what makes people different. What makes some people age slowly and others have a more difficult time?” she said.
The study showed that while people have an inborn tendency toward independence and self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person’s environment and lifetime experiences.
Pedersen’s studies, with various collaborators, investigate the aging process by comparing sets of twins, most of whom were separated at an early age.
The subjects were drawn from a list first compiled about 30 years ago, registering all twins born in Sweden since 1886. The complete list, which was extended in 1971, has 95,000 sets of twins.
1. Which of the following is concerned with blind luck?
2. Which of the following is related to an external locus of control?
3. According to the passage, what is true of one’s inborn tendency towards self-confidence?
4. What subjects were mostly used in Pedersen’s studies?
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D
Task 2: Is it moral to clone humans?
Script
Laura: Did you hear about that peculiar cult that claimed to have created the world’s first human clone?
Ian: Yeah, I did! They also said that it was aliens that created life on earth over 25,000 years ago. What are they on?
Laura: I know! It was so obviously just part of an elaborate hoax to bring publicity to their crazy movement. But I don’t think the truth can be far off. Scientists have been working on it for years.
Ian: Sure, but most scientists are working on cloning human cells or body parts that can be used to repair or replace damaged organs. Not complete human beings! That’s just science fiction!
Laura: Well, the science may seem to be very advanced, but the idea is not a new one. In A Journey to the West, Sun Wu-kung, the Monkey King, can clone himself from the hairs on his head. He just plucks a few hairs, chews them a bit, and when he spits them out, they change into replicas of him!
Ian: Really? Now that would be cool! You could send your clone to school while you went to the cinema, and then it could do your homework! Wow! Now that I think of it, it would be kind of fun to have a clone!
Laura: You would say that! Don’t you think it’s slightly immoral? I mean, it’s just like having a slave. Doesn’t the clone deserve a life of his own?
Ian: Sure, but human beings must learn to strike a balance between the welfare of a patient and of a clone.
Keys: 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T
UNIT 9
Ⅱ.Basic Listening Practice
1-5: ACDBA
Ⅲ.Listening In
Task 1
1-5: CDCAB
Task 2
(S1) downtown (S2) loan (S3) security (S4) agreed (S5) against (S6) proceeded
(S7)That will be $5,000 in principal ,and $20.30 in interest, the loan officer said, The woman wrote out a check and started to walk away.
(S9)We are very happy to have had your business and this transition has worked out very nicely, but we are a little puzzled.
(S10)Where else in Manhattan can I park my car for two weeks for only $20.30 and expect it to be there when I return?”
Task 3
1-5: DBCAD
Ⅴ.Let’s Talk
1. the cost of natural resources and the environment
2. high energy consumption and uncontrolled discharge of wastes
3. both the economy and environmental costs.
4. traditional GDP minus the costs of resources and environmental damage.
5. effectively restrict an enterprise’s impulse to expand
6. the benefit green GDP brings will outweigh the demands imposed on enterprises.
7. introduce the “green GDP” index system
8. the prosperity of future generations
Ⅵ. Further Listening and Speaking
Task 1
1-5: CDDAB
Task 2
1-5: FTFTT
News Report
(S1)on display (S2)90 percent (S3)largest (S4)city and country (S5)folded (S6)side doors (S7)outdoors (S8)shower(S9)top (S10)ride (S11)cells (S12)innovative
UNIT 10
Ⅱ.Basic Listening Practice
1-5: CADBA
Ⅲ.Listening In
Task 1
1-5: CACBD
Task 2
(S1) roots (S2) what (S3) moral (S4) diligence (S5) sin (S6) teachings
(S7) centuries
(S8) Even as children they were taught, "If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well."
(S9) In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively.
(S10) Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive.
Task 3
1-5: CADBC
Ⅴ.Let’s Talk
1. fairly smoothly
2. many problems 3. transportation, shopping, or interpersonal communication
4. no longer care about your problems
5. foreigners
6. complain about and reject
7. host culture
8. your own language
9. from your home country
10. from home
11. only the good things about your home country
12. more comfortable with the customs of the host country
13. is that much better than another
14. different
15. completely comfortable in your home country
16. become at ease with your home culture
Ⅵ. Further Listening and Speaking
Task 1
1-5: CBACD
Task 2
1-5: TFTFF
News Report
(1) heart (2) introduction (3) delicacy (4) artists (5) painting (6) painstaking (7) 120/one hundred and twenty(8) equivalent (9) witness (10) onlookers (11) followed (12) consuming (13) voiced (14) sense (15) hours (16) delicious mess
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