必修五 Unit2 过去分词做宾补

课文中过去分词作宾补用法归纳

1).  Now, when anyone refers to England you find Wales included as well.

2）.  So to their surprise the three countries find themselves united…

3）.  …they were going to get Ireland connected to form the united kingdom.

过去分词做宾语补足语

Past Participle as Object Complement

作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词，表示被动和完成意义，说明宾语所处的状态，一般跟它前面的宾语在逻辑上构成主谓关系，表被动,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象，其结构形式为：主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋过去分词。

 

She found the door broken in when she came back. (宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)

一． 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等的后面。

e.g.:

They kept the door locked for a long time.

他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.

不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. (谚语：少说多看）

Don’t leave such an important thing undone.

二．过分词用在get, have, make 的后面。

1. 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：

a）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"

e.g.: I have had my bike repaired.

我让人修了修我的自行车

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

就在那时，村民们叫人种了许多树

b)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受. . . . 影响，蒙受. . . . .  损失"

e.g.: My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.

上个月，我姐姐的钱包在汽车上被偷了

The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.

这位老人在事故中腕部摔坏了。

I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

He had his leg broken in the match yesterday. 

2. "make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

我提高了嗓门以便被人家听到

They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.

他们用了很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解

They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等后面。如

When we got to school，we saw the door locked.

当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音

She found the door broken in when she came back.

He felt himself cheated.

The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.

四、过去分词用在want, wish, like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment.

老师不想此刻讨论这个问题

I want the suit made to his own measure.

我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做

My parents expected me to be well-prepared for the entrance examination.

我父母希望我好好准备入学考试

The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

I would like my house painted white.

I wish the problem settled.

五、过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。

With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building，his house looks like a beautiful garden.

周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园

With everything well arranged, he left the office.

Do you know the man with his hair tied back? 你认识头发扎到脑后的那个男子吗？
They left without a plate untouched. 他们走了，没有一盘菜没动过。

 

从上述的例子来看，作宾语补足语的过去分词大多数来自及物动词，强调被动或完成。然而也有少数来自不及物动词，强调动作完成后的状态。
They found all the guests gone when they woke up. 当他们醒来时，发现所有的客人都走了。

 

六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

不定式作宾补：　表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

eg:

He didn't notice me waiting.

I saw him opening the window.

I saw the window opened.

I saw him open the window.

I heard the song sung in English.

I heard her sing the song in English. 

 

find 的用法与搭配

have用法大全

Keep 用法

Leave 用法

专项训练1：

1. ___ poor at English, I’m afraid I can't make myself ___.

a.  To be; understand          

b.  I’m ;to understand

c.  Being ;understanding       

d.  Being; understood

2. I have had my bike ___ ,and I’m going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.

a. repair; to repair            

b. repairing; to be repaired

c. repaired; repair            

d. to repair; repairing

3. You must get the work ___ before Friday.

a. do     b. to do     c. doing    d. done

4. ___ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.

a. entering; stealing              

b. entering; gone

c. to have entered; being stolen     

d. having entered; to be stolen

5. We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.

a. settled     b. having been settled   

c. be settled     d. settling

6. Mrs.  Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.

a. it     b. it repaired     

c. repaired     d. to be repaired

7. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age.

a. put away   

b. keep up   

c. give away

d. laid up 

8. I don't want the children ___ out in such weather.

a. take  b. to take  c. taken  d. taking

9. I’m afraid that i can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor English.

a. understand    b. understanding  

c. to understand   d. understood

10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.

a. being tied    b. having tied   

c. to be tied     d. tied 

专项训练2：

1. We found her greatly ___.

a. improving    b. changed   

c. to help   d. having disturbed

2. Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist's.

a. to put in    b. pulled out   

c. pushed out    d. drawing out

3. When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.

a. completed    b. completing    

c. being completed   d. to be completed

4. with a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.

a. settled     b. settling    

c. to settle    d. being settled

5. the research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it.

 

a. begins       b. having begun

c. beginning     d. begun

6. ___ ,they went home,___.

a. Their work had been finished; singing and laughing

b. They had finished their work; sang and laughed

c. Their work finished; singing and laughing

d. After their work finished; singing and laughing

7. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single english word ___

a. speaking     b. speak   

c. spoken     d. to speak

8. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

a. Given     b. To give    

c. Giving     d. Having given

9. ___ from space, the earth with water ___70％ of its surface looks like a "blue blanket".

a. Seen ;covered            

b. Being seen; covers   

c. Seeing; covering          

d. Seen; covering

10. ____,the experiment will be successful.

a. If carefully doing       

b. If it done carefully   

c. If carefully done        

d. If doing carefully

11. The girl wrote a composition without ___.

a. ask    b. asking   

c. being asked    d. to be asked

12. He finished his homework and then went on ___me.

a. helping    b. with help    

c. with helping    d. to help

13. ___where to go, he asked a policeman.

a. Having lost his way and not knowing

b. Losing his way and didn't know

c. Having lost his way and didn't know

d. Lost his way and didn't know

14. ____ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.

a. Hearing     b. Having heard   

c. To hear    d. Heard

15. ____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.

a. Knowing    b. When knowing   

c. After knowing    d. When he knew

专项训练3：

1. They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.

a. break    b. to break   

c. broken   d. breaking

2. When he came to, he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.

a. to sit; tied    b. sitting; tying    

c. sat; tied    d. sitting; tied

3. We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings; everything about them seems unfriendly.

a. invited   b. inviting   

c. to invite   d. to be invited

4. I’m going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I’ve got them ready by then.

a. to type    b. type    c. typed    d. typing

5. Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ___ in art and literature.

a. expressed          b. to express  

c. being expressed    d. to be expressed

 

 

 

答案：

专项训练1：1-10 dcdba cacdd

专项训练2：:1-15 bbaad ddadc cddad

专项训练3：:1-5 cdaca