as既可以用作连词，引导多种状语从句，也可以用作关系代词引导定语从句，其用法繁多复杂。现将as从句小结
1.引导时间状语从句，
作"当……的时候"，其特点为：
1) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行，指"一边……,一边……"。如:
The girl dances as she sings on the stage. 这个孩子在舞台上载歌载物。
He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 他边走边不时地回头看。
2)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为"随着……"。历程比较长。如：
As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 随着时间的流失，她越发担心。
As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. 随着年龄的增长，他们对周围的事物越感兴趣。
3)表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。如:
I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.
Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.
4) 后接名词表示某一年龄段时，用as。如:
As a young man（=When he was a young man）, he was active in sports. 年轻时，他在运动上很活跃。
注意与when、 while的用法区别：
1）when作"当……的时候"解，可以指较短的(一点)时间，也可指一段时间从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。如：
When he was at college, he could speak several foreign languages. 他上大学时能讲好几门外语。
When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the street went out. 当钟敲响12点时，街上所有的灯都熄灭了。
2）while从句中的动词是可延续性动词，表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生。如：
Work while you work. Play while you play. 工作时工作，娱乐时娱乐。
2. 引导原因状语从句
作"既然"、"由于"解，相当于since，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如：
As you're not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然你身体不好，你还是留在家里吧。
注意与because，since的差别：because表示的语气最强，表示一种直接的原因； since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作"既然"；而as在引导原因状语从句时一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。例如：
He will succeed because he is in earnest.他一定会成功，因为他很认真。
Since you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.既然你对此如此有把握，他会相信你的。
As rain has fallen, the air is cooler. 因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。
3. 引导方式状语从句
作"像"、"按照……的方式"解。如:
You must do everything as I do.你必须要照我的样子去做。
She stayed in bed as the doctor had told her. 她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。
Leave it as it is.把它维持原状好了。
注意与as if, as though的区别。as though/if引导方式状语从句时的含义是“好像、似乎”。如果从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能行，从句中通常使用直陈语气；如果as if从句描述的是非现实的情况或纯属假设，从句则应使用虚拟语气。另外，as if引导的从句有时用省略形式，一般是省略和主句相同的主语和动词be。例如：He always talks to me as if he were my brother. 他总是以哥哥的口气跟我说话。The boy is running here and there as if (he were) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这个孩子跑来跑去，好像是在找丢在操场上的东西似的。He acts as if (he were) a fool.他表现得像个傻子。
4．引导比较状语从句。
在as...as...或not so/ as...as...中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式。如:
They helped the old man as often as (it is) possible. 他们尽可能经常地帮助那位老人。
I don't speak English so/ as well as he ( speaks English). 我讲英语没有他那么好。
几个关于as...as的常见句型：
1) as...as possible （等于as … as sb. can/ could）
Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。
2) as...as usual/before
She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。
另外，一些as...as结构也常作为习语而使用：
as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌
as easy as ABC 像ABC一样容易
as deep as a well 像井一样深
as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻
as soft as butter 像黄油一样软
as rich as a Jew 像犹太人一样富裕
5. 引导让步状语从句
as引导的让步从句必须是倒装的形式，倒装的形式是：1）提前表语（单数可数名词做表语时要省略冠词）2）提前状语3）提前动词原形。例如：
Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 尽管他是个孩子，他却知道什么是该做的事情。
Try as he might, he failed in the exam. 尽管他努力了，可还是考试没及格。
Much as I like it, I can’t afford the laptop. 虽然我非常喜欢这部笔记本电脑，我却买不起。
注意与though和although的区别：although 和though也可以引导让步状语从句，含义是“虽然，尽管”，但as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；although语气稍正式些，它所引导的从句可放在句首，也可放在句中，主句中不能再用but，但可以用yet，它所引导的从句不能倒装；though引导的让步状语从句最为常用，它所引导的从句既可和as从句一样倒装，也可以使用正常语序。另外though和although所引导的从句在主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词有be时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。例如：
Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.他虽然年纪相当大，仍然每天慢跑。
Though (it is) not very large, the room is very lit and comfortable to live in. 尽管房间不大，但采光很好，而且住起来很舒服。
Although (he was) born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City. 这位作家虽然出生在芝加哥，但他却以关于纽约的故事而闻名。
6．用作关系代词引导定语从句。
关系代词as引导定语从句时，既可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以引导限制性定语从句。as引导限制性定语从句时先行词一般被the same, such等词修饰时。例如:
Such a good film as you described is well worth seeing.你所描述的这么一部好电影是很值得一看的。
I’m reading the same book as he bought yesterday. 我在读一本和他昨天买的一样的书。
as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常是一个句子或句子中的一部分。例如：
She is late, as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)
To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is very foolish.对事实视而不见--你们好多人都是如此，是非常愚蠢的。(先行词是不定式短语)
注意和which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰一个句子时的差异：1）as引导的定语从句的位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的前或后，也可以插在主句的中间，而which引导的定语从句只能置于主句的后面。例如：
As we all know now, heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back.
= Heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back, as we all know now.
= Heavy objects and light objects, as we all know now, fall at the same speed unless air holds them back. 正如我们都知道的那样，轻重物体以相同的速度下降，除非是空气阻碍它们。
Bamboo is hollow, which makes them very light.竹子是中空的，这使竹子非常轻。
2）as在指代所修饰的句子的同时，依然保留着其作为连词的含义，有“正如，好像，像……”之义；which仅单纯地指代其所修饰的句子所体现的含义。例如：
As we expected, he succeeded in passing the exam. 正如我们所预料的那样，他通过了考试。
He was late this morning, which surprised us very much. 今天早上他迟到了，这让我们非常惊讶。
3）as 多在从句中作宾语，仅在as is known、as is reported、 as is said、 as is announced等被动形式的定语从句中作主语；which多在从句中作主语，但当非限制性定语从句中有宾语补足语时，which也可以作宾语。例如：
She has made rapid progress, which delighted her parents.她进步迅速，这让她父母很高兴。
Great wrong was done to him, as anyone can see. 他蒙受了巨大的冤屈，这是尽人皆知的事情。

 

 

 

as (1) conj 用作连词可引导时间，原因，让步，比较，方式等状语从句

二、表示让步

意为“虽然”“尽管”，要用于倒装句（相当于 though，但语气稍弱）。引导让步状语从时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时应注意几点：一是若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定冠词；二是若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词)，与之连用的通常是may, might, will, would等，且这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后)；三是though有时也可像as这样使作倒装。如：

如：

Tired as I was, I tried to help them. 虽然我很累，我还是努力帮助他们。

Try as he would, he couldn’t open the door. 他试过多次了, 却仍打不开那门。

Search as they would, they would find nobody in the house. 无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。

Hard as (though) they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。

Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl. 他虽是个男孩，但举止却像个女孩。

Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl. 他虽然是个男孩，但举止却像个女孩。

Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你一起生活。

Try as he would [might]，he couldn’t open the door. 他试过多次了，却仍打不开门。

Try as he would , he couldn’t open the door.

Tired as they were, they walked on. Leave the table as it is.

  Young as he is , he knows a lot.

 Child/Student as he is, he has a good knowledge of history.

三、表示时间

意为“当……时候”。如：

He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。

As I was coming here, I met your brother. 我来这里时碰到了你的弟弟。

  As he looked at her, she made a face.

I watched her as she combed her hair.

I read the letter as I walked along the river.

意为“随着”。如：

As time passed, things seemed to get worse. 随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。

若其后不接从句，而接名词，则用介词 with 表示“随着”。如：

With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced. 随着现代工农业的发展，污染越来越严重了。

 

注意，as 引导时态状语从句时，其谓语动词通常只能是动作动词，而不能是静态或状态动词。如：

她出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。

误：Her parents died as she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.

正：Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.

■as 引导时间状语从句表示“当……的时候”“在……期间”时，该从句的谓语通常是那些表示动作意义的动词，而不能是be(是、在), have(有)，like(喜欢)，belong(属于)等表示状态或静态意义的动词。

我打算去邮局。——当你在邮局的时候，请帮我买几张邮票好吗?

误：I’m going to the post office.—As you are there, can you get me some stamps?

正：I’m going to the post office.—While you are there, can you get me some stamps?

■正因为 as 引导时间状语从句表示“当……的时候”“在……期间”时，从句的谓语不能是表示状态或静态意义的动词，所以当下面第一句变为第二句这样的状语从句时，不能再用 as，而应用 when：

As a student he had known great poverty.

＝When he was a student he had known great poverty. 他当学生时，经历过很贫困的生活。

 

四、表示原因

引导原因状语从句时，其谓语动词可以是动作动词，也可以是状态动词。如：

■但是，当 as 引导原因状语从句时，其谓语动词可以是状态或静态动词。如：

As there was very little support, the strike was not successful. 由于支持的很少，罢工未获成功。

As I was anxious to please him, I bought him a nice present. 因为我急于讨好他，我给他买了一件精美礼品。

As there isn’t anything more to do, I may as well go home early 既然这里没有别的事要做，我还不如早点回家。

As you weren’t there I left a message. 因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。

As he didn’t know much English, he got out his dictionary and looked up .

As you weren’t there , I left a message.

As he has been ill , perhaps he needs help.

另外，引导原因状语从句，可用以下这样的倒装语序。如：

Tired as she was, I decided not to disturb her. 因为她累了，我就决定不打扰她了。

Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。

 

  (2) 作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词前常有such, the same, as, so 与之呼应，构成such…as, so…as,其意为“像……的”“凡是……的”“……一类的人(物)”。如：

He’s not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。

He is not such a man as would leave his work half done. 他并不是一个做事半途而废的人。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. 你必须对我妻子表现出与对我同样的敬重。

He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。

  We’ll make such computers as are needed in different branches of science. I want to buy the same shoes as were advertised.

 

 

 (3) 作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，as 指前或后面整个句子的内容。根据情况可位于主句之前或之后，有时也可插在主句中间，其意为“这件事”“这一点”

He is late, as is often the case. 他迟到了，这是经常的事。

As is usual with children, they soon got tired. 孩子们一贯如此, 他们很快就厌倦了。

David, as you know, has not been well lately. 大卫最近身体不太好，这你是知道的。

As you can see in the map, the two cities are far away from each other. As everybody knows ,all that glitters is not gold.

 (4) prep 作为

You will be welcomed as a hero tomorrow morning .

She treats him as her brother.

 

 

 

They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.

他们力争如实地画出人物和自然

【用法理解】

As they really were为连词as 引导的方式状语从句。 As 相当于in the way (that), 表示“按照…的方式”。例如：

Do as I say and sit down.

Leave the table as it is.

Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you to?

The trousers are rather long, but I’ll take them just as they are.

You must do everything as I do.你必须要照我的样子去做。
She stayed in bed as the doctor had told her. 她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。
Leave it as it is.把它维持原状好了。

【归纳拓展】

1.方式状语从句通常由 as, in the way 或 as if/though引导

1. as 作为连词的其他用法：

1） 引导时间状语从句,表示当……的时候

As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.

We didn’t know what to do as we were just visiting there.

The girl dances as she sings on the stage. 这个孩子在舞台上载歌载物。
He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 他边走边不时地回头看。

As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 随着时间的流失，她越发担心。
As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. 随着年龄的增长，他们对周围的事物越感兴趣。

2引导让步状语从句，表示虽然

as引导的让步从句必须是倒装的形式，倒装的形式是：1）提前表语（单数可数名词做表语时要省略冠词）2）提前状语3）提前动词原形。例如：
Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 尽管他是个孩子，他却知道什么是该做的事情。
Try as he might, he failed in the exam. 尽管他努力了，可还是考试没及格。
Much as I like it, I can’t afford the laptop. 虽然我非常喜欢这部笔记本电脑，我却买不起。
Tired as he was, he sat up late.

3 引导比较状语从句，表示和……一样的；相同的

  在as...as...或not so/ as...as...中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式。如:
They helped the old man as often as (it is) possible. 他们尽可能经常地帮助那位老人。
I don't speak English so/ as well as he ( speaks English). 我讲英语没有他那么好。
I love you as much as she. 比较：I love you as much as her.

 

 

 

 

1. Young _______ he was, it is not strange that he should have acted as foolishly.

A. while    B. when      C. as        D. although

2. _______ it was getting dark, we soon turned back.

A. As        B. With        C. For      D. While

3. _______ time goes by, we seem to be losing the pleasure of communicating face to face.

A. As        B. With       C. On       D. Though

4. This lake is three times as large _______ that one.

A. than      B. as          C. of        D. with