加载中…多读读书--培根《王佐良译》
(2024-01-06 11:55:55) 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足；因为天生才干犹如自然花草，读书之后方知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
Of Studies
Bacon
Studies
serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use
for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in
discourse;and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of
business.
For
expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one;
but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs,
come best form those that are learned. To spend too much time in
studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is
affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour
of a scholar.
They
perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural
abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and
studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large,
except they be bounded in by experience.
Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and
wise men use them;for they teach not their own use; but that is a
wisdom without them, and above them, won by
observation.
Read
not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted;
nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and
consider.
Some
books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be
chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in
parts;others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read
wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be
read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would
be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of
books; else distilled books are,like common distilled waters,
flashy things.
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and
writing an exact man.And therefore, if a man write little, he had
need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a
present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning,
to seem to know that he doth not.
Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics
subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric
able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse.
Nay
there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out
by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate
exercises.Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the
lungs and breast;gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the
head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study
the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away
never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to
distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for
they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters,
and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him
study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a
special receipt.
财富与幸福有关系吗
What is the
relationship between wealth and happiness
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