翻译练习3．匆匆 （朱自清）

    燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？——是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢？

    我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。

    去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着，去来的中间，又怎样地匆匆呢？早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。太阳他有脚啊，轻轻悄悄地挪移了；我也茫茫然跟着旋转。于是——洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地从我身上跨过，从我脚边飞去了。等我睁开眼和太阳再见，这算又溜走了一日。我掩着面叹息。但是新来的日子的影儿又开始在叹息里闪过了。

参考译文3：Rush （Zhu Ziqing）

Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return: willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return? –If they had been stolen by someone, who could it be? Where could he hide them? If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment?

I do not know how many days I have been given to spend, but I do feel my hands are getting empty. Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. Like a drop of water from the point of a needle disappearing into the ocean, my days are dripping into the stream of time, soundless, traceless. Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welling up in my eyes.

Those that have gone have gone for good, those to come keep coming; yet in between, how swift is the shift, in such a rush? When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun marks its presence in my small room in two or three oblongs. The sun has feet, look, he is treading on, lightly and furtively; and I am caught, blankly, in his revolution. Thus –the day flows away through the sink when I wash my hands, wears off in the bowl when I eat my meal, and passes away before my day-dreaming gaze as I reflect in silence. I can feel his haste now, so I reach out my hands to hold him back, but he keeps flowing past my withholding hands. In the evening, as I lie in bed, he strides over my body, glides past my feet, in his agile way. The moment I open my eyes and meet the sun again, one whole day has gone. I bury my face in my hands and heave a sigh. But the new day begins to flash past in the sigh.

What can I do, in this bustling world, with my days flying in their escape? Nothing but to hesitate, to rush. What have I been doing in that eight-thousand-day rush, apart from hesitating? Those bygone days have been dispersed as smoke by a light wind, or evaporated as mist by the morning sun. What traces have I left behind me? Have I ever left behind any gossamer traces at al? I have come to this world, stark naked; am I to go back, in a blink, in the same stark nakedness? It is not fair though: why should I have made such a trip for nothing!

You the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return?

第8讲：从 “湖光山色”的英译说开去（两讲合并）

翻译练习：

1．常胜的歌手（王蒙）

有一位歌手，有一次她唱完了歌，竟没有一个人鼓掌，于是她在开会的时候说道：“掌声究竟说明什么问题呢？难道掌声是美？是艺术？是黄金？掌声到底卖几分钱一斤？被观众鼓了几声掌就飘飘然，就忘乎所以，就选成歌星，就坐飞机，就灌唱片，这简直是胡闹！是对灵魂的腐蚀！你不信，如果我扭屁股唱黄歌儿，比她得到的掌声还多！”

她还建议，对观众进行一次调查分析，分类排队，以证明掌声的无价值或反价值。

后来，她又唱了一次歌，全场掌声雷动。她在会上又说开了：“歌曲是让人听的，如果人家不爱听，内容再好，曲调再好又有什么用？群众的眼睛是雪亮的，群众的心里是有一杆秤的，离开了群众的喜闻乐见，就是不搞大众化，只搞小众化，就是出了方向性差错，就是孤家寡人，自我欣赏。我听到的不只是掌声，而且是一颗颗火热的心在跳动。”

过了一阵子，音乐工作者又开会，谈到歌曲演唱中的一种不健康的倾向和群众的趣味需要疏导，欣赏水平需要提高。她便举出了那一次唱歌无人鼓掌作为例子，她宣称：

“我顶住了！我顶住了！我顶住了！”

又过了一阵子，音乐工作者又开会，谈到受群众欢迎的歌曲还是创造演唱得太少。她又举出了另一次掌声如雷的例子宣称：

“我早就做了，我早就做了，我早就做了！”

参考译文：

1．An Infallible Singer

One day, a singer sang for the audience. After she finished, nobody applauded. Thereupon, she said at a meeting, “What possibly can applause mean? Does it mean beauty? Art? Or gold? How much is one burst of clapping worth? If on account of some sporadic clapping, a singer should become smug and starts to forget herself, and people around her start to vote her a star, qualified to travel by air and cut discs, this would be sheer folly, and an attempt to corrupt the souls of the people. Believe me, I can get much louder applause if I should sing those smutty songs and swing my hips all the while.” She also suggested that the audiences be polled and classified so that he non-value or anti-value of applause could be established.

On a later occasion her singing was greeted with thunderous applause. At a meeting convened after the performance, she declared, “Songs are composed for the audience. If the audience don’t like your songs, what’s the use of their good content and melody? The audience know what is good for them and they have their own criteria. If we don’t give them what they like, we are meeting the needs of only a few people, instead of the broad masses. We’ll be committing a mistake in political direction. We’ll be acting like Narcissus, admiring our own images and isolating ourselves from he outside world. What I heard at the concert was not just the clapping of hands, but the beatings of a multitude of fervent hearts.”

Sometime later, musicians met for another meeting, at which they criticized the unhealthy tendency in vocal concerts and suggested that the musical taste of the masses be properly guided and their level of appreciation be raised. Citing as an example that occasion when her songs received no applause, she declared, “I resisted that tendency! I did that long, long ago!”

At still another gathering held later, musicians deplored that songs the people really liked were still too few in number and that too few singers song such songs. Citing as an example the other occasion when her songs were warmly applauded, she exulted, “I sang such songs long ago! Long, long ago!”

2．夜间，九时余 ---- 从前面漆黑的夜幕中，看见很小很小几点亮光。人们指给我那就是长江大桥，“江津”号稳稳地向武汉驶近。从这以后，我一直站在船上眺望，渐渐的渐渐的看出那整整齐齐的一排像横串起来的珍珠，在熠熠闪亮。我看着，我觉得在这辽阔无边的大江之上，这正是我们献给我们母亲河流的一顶珍珠冠呀……再前进，江上无数倒影在浮动，那是无数船只在航行，而那由一颗颗珍珠画出的大桥的轮廓，完全像升在云端一样，高耸空中，而桥那面，灯光稠密的简直像是灿烂的金河，那是什么？仔细分辨，原来是武汉两岸的亿万灯光。当我们的“江津”号，嘹亮地向武汉市发出致敬欢呼的声音时，我心中升起了一种庄严的情感，看一看，我们创造的新世界有多么灿烂吧！

2   It is after nine in the evening. Through the black night ahead we see tiny pinpoints of lights. We are told that this is the great bridge over the Yangtze. The S. S. Jiangjin steams steadily towards Wuhan and I remain on deck watching. By degrees I see a row of twinkling lights like a string of well-matched pearls. To me, on this boundless Yangtze, it seems a pearl-decked tiara which we have presented to our mother of rivers … As we approach, innumerable blue, white, red and green lights on different boats appear, trailing long reflections in the water. Then the outline of the giant bridge marked by so many pearls looms high above as if rising to the clouds, while the blaze of lights beyond seems a gleaming river of gold. I see now that it is the millions of lights on both banks at Wuhan. And as the S. S. Jiangjin calls out a loud cheerful greeting to the city, my heart swells with pride. See what a glorious new world we have built!

第9讲：Denotation和Connotation（两讲合并）

翻译练习1：

学校

    我怎能忘记那美丽的校园呢？

    那儿处处是碧绿的芳草，绿草中铺着洁白的、笔直的石路。路两旁种的那些树分明是一品红，然而原该为大红色的排列为环状的叶，却变为柔媚的粉红，还有着淡绿色的边儿。我常在这条长长的石径上散步。走着走着，来到一座宽阔的台子上，站在这里可以看到迷人的晚霞与夕照，偶然也能看到冒着浓烟呜呜南去的列车。转身往回走，不远便会来到实验室和图书馆。这儿宽大的落地窗软帘垂地，窗外的木棉树上开着耀眼的红花。再往前走便是餐厅了，那儿有一株美丽的树，开着雪一样白的花儿。那花儿开得轻柔而又婀娜，一朵朵地连成一片，从远处看去，美得像新嫁娘雪白的头纱。后来我才知道这就是我在书上读到那么多次的曼陀罗。

    学校的中心地带是个扇形的喷水泉，中间很艺术地摆着些中国式的太湖石。这是新建的。

    在我们中国教师住的院子里，有一个跟这模式一样的喷水泉，不过比这要小得多，像个盆景似的，那是早来这儿的老师利用业余时间建的。他们在池中放了些水草和金鱼，可能是为了抒发对祖国的怀念之情吧，还在太湖石上用秀丽的隶书字体刻了“二泉映月”四个红字，似乎这么一来，西湖便在他们的怀抱之中了，故乡的月便也在向着这些游子微笑了。

    一天，学校的校长来到中国教师的住所。他对这个喷水池赞不绝口，定要中国教师为学校也设计一个跟这一样的喷水池，建在校园的中央。于是在校园里，在绿茸茸的芳草和艳丽的花朵之间又加上了一个中国色彩的喷水池，在阳光的辉照下，喷射着亮晶晶的水珠儿。

参考译文：

1.The College

How can I ever forget the beautiful campus in Africa?

The grounds were covered with dark green grass through which stretched a straight white stone path. On both sides of the path were planted what I believed to be poinsettias. Now the flowers were surrounded by pinkish leaves instead of bright red ones as they should have been. Trimmed with light green edges, the leaves looked delicate and charming. Along the long path I often took a stroll which would take me to a wide terrace, where I could watch the enchanting glow of sunset, and occasionally catch the sight of a train puffing and hooting on its way southward.

On my way back I would pass by the laboratory and library building whose large French windows had soft curtains let fall to the floor. Just outside the windows kapok flowers glowed red in full bloom. A short way off stood the dining hall, where I found a tree bearing snow-white blossoms so graceful and soft to the touch. Viewed together from the distance, they were as beautiful as a bridal veil. Later I learned that it was a tree called datura which I had so often read about in books.

In the center of the campus was newly-built fan-shaped fountain. A number of Chinese taihu rocks were arranged in it with a touch of artistry. And there was a story behind it.

In the courtyard of the house where Chinese teachers were living, there was also a similar but much smaller fountain looking like potted landscape. It was built by the Chinese teachers who had come earlier in their spare time. They had graced it with water plants and goldfish. Perhaps out of a yearning for their homeland, they had even engraved on a taihu rock four Chinese characters: “Er Quan Ying Yue” meaning “two springs reflecting the moonlight.” These characters were painted red and written in an ancient calligraphic style. The homesick Chinese teachers seemed to feel that at the sight of these characters, they could by a fight of the imagination bring to their presence a native moon smilingly beaming over the West Lake.

One day the president of the college came to visit the Chinese teachers. Delighted by the beauty of their fountain he asked then to design another one for the college. Thus in the center of the campus, in a field of green grass and colorful flowers appeared a new Chinese fountain spurting out water drops glistening in the sunlight.

翻译练习2：

    我最大的爱好是沉思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都在孤独中产生的。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情 ---- 激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。

参考译文2：My greatest avocation is musing. I can stay by myself for a long time without feeling disconsolate in the least. Happiness enjoyed alone is a pleasure, so is sorrow tasted privately. In solitude, the mind is not a complete blank; it remains a rich and colorful world. Solitude often induces ecstasy or anguish, and allows thinking to wander in a random way. She inspires the mood for poems, passionate or pathetic. She also enables people to think further and deeper and to have a more thorough understanding and examination of themselves and their environment.