Key structures

一般过去时和现在完成时的比较

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作。

时间状语多为：last year, last month, 3 years ago, in 1994, just now等。

2）现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果；或表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在，而且还可能继续延续下去的动作；或表示经验。

时间状语多为表示到现在为止的这段时间。

since 1994, for three years, up until now, just, before等。此外，在用already, yet, just ,ever, never这类副词做状语时，常可用现在完成时。

I saw him in 1994. 我在1994年看见他的。

I haven’t seen him since 1994. 我从1994年以后就再也没有见过他了。

I saw him 3 years ago. 我三年前见过他。

I haven’t seen him for 3 years. 我已经三年没有见过他了。

He stayed at this hotel last month. 他上个月住过这家旅馆。

Have you ever stayed at this hotel? 你住过这家旅馆吗？

I went abroad last year. 我去年出国了。

Up till now, I have never been abroad before. 至今为止，我从没出过国。

1. We _____ each other again since then. [ not see ] have not seen

从那以后，我们再没有见过对方。

2. I _____ in last night. [ am ] was

昨天晚上我在家。

3. I _____ much of him recently. [ not see ] have not seen

recently=these days

我最近没见过他几次。

4. The day before yesterday / Yesterday she _____ for the U.K. [ leave ] left

U.K. = the United Kindom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。英国。

leave for 离开去某地

前天她去了英国。

5. He _____ a good deal since he _____ here. [ learn / come ] has learnt / came

自从他来这儿，他学到了很多东西。

课文内容：

Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.

参考翻译：

本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客。然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上；还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛 -- 罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。

解析：

1. Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.

本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。

captain 机长 （本文含义）

可指上尉，队长，船长，连长，领班等。

service ['sə:vis]

1) n. 服务，贡献，帮助，功劳

social services 社会福利事业

He did me a great service. 他帮了我很大的忙。

2) n. 供水，通讯等公共事业，业务，公共汽车的行驶，班次等。

a mail service / a postal service 邮政业务

the telephone service 电话业务，电话网络

Is there a good train service into the city?　往市内的火车班次方便吗？

3) n. 车辆，机器等定期的维修

When did you take your car for service? 你什么时候修的车？

after-sale service 售后服务

4) n. 军务，兵役

He was in the service for two years. 他在服两年兵役。

at a person’s service 随时为某人服务

I’m at your service. 我随时为您效劳。

2. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'.

这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。

Swiss adj. 瑞士人的，瑞士的 n. 瑞士人（单复数同形）

Switzerland 瑞士

called a ‘Pilatus Porter’

被叫做…的飞机

过去分词短语作定语

3. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.

这架奇妙的飞机可以载七名乘客。

4. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.

然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。

that 引导表语从句。

anywhere 任何地方 somewhere 某个地方 nowhere 没有什么地方

ploughed 过去分词过定语。刚刚被耕过的。

5. Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.

弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。

who引导定语从句，修饰医生。

6. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.

从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。

since then 现在完成时的时间状语。

fly-flew-flown

1) vi. 鸟，飞机等飞

Look, we are flying over the Rocky Mountains.

看，我们在落基山脉上面飞行呢。

2) vt. 驾驶飞机

It seems very difficult to fly a jumbo. 驾驶大型喷气式飞机看起来很难。

jumbo ['dʒʌmbəu] 大型喷气式飞机

3) Time flies. 光阴似箭。

soar  [sɔ:] 急速升空，高飞

float  [fləut] 漂浮

hover  ['hɔvə] 盘旋

glide [ɡlaid] 滑行

skim  [skim] 掠过

7. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.

一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上；还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。

once…on another occasion 一次……还有一次on one occasion…on another occasion

occasion [ə'keiʒən] n. 场合

on several occasions 在几次不同场合

in honor of the occasion 为表庆贺

on rare occasions 偶尔

I have met him on several occasions. 我见过他几次。

8. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.

弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。

refuse 拒绝请求或给予某种东西

He refused my help. 他拒绝了我的帮助。

He refused my present. 他拒绝了我的礼物。

refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

He refused to help me. 他拒绝帮助我。

deny [di'nai] 否认（一种指控），不承认

He denied that he had stolen the money. 他否认他偷了钱。

9. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.

这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛 -- 罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。

the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

the Artic Ocean 北冰洋

the Indian Ocean 印度洋

难点：

bring / take / fetch

bring 带来，由某处带来某物

take 拿走，从某地或某人处带走

fetch 取来，去某地，取某物并带回

He brought the book with him when he came to see me.

他来看我的时候把书带来了。

He took the book with him when he left.

他走的时候把书带走了。

I asked him to go to my room and fetch my glasses.

我请他去我的房间取来我的眼镜。

very / too

very 很，非常

I arrived very late but I caught the train.

我到得很迟，但赶上了火车。

too 太，过于

I arrived too late and I missed the train.

我到得太迟，误了火车。

1. When you go to the kitchen, please _____ me a glass of water. [ fetch / bring ] bring

当你到厨房的时候，请帮我拿一杯水。

2.The ball went over the fence and football player asked a boy to _____ it. [ fetch / bring ] fetch

足球飞过了栅栏，运动员叫小男孩去拿回来。

3. When I asked him he _____ to tell me. [ refused / denied ] refused

当我问他的时候他拒绝回答我。

4. Do you _____ that you have told me a lie? [ deny / refuse ] deny

你否认你说过谎吗？

5.How are you? _____ well, thank you. [ too / very ] very

你好吗？很好，谢谢。

Exercises

1. This is the most surprising thing about it. It is _____ than anything.

A. most surprising  B. more surprising  C. more surprised  D. most surprised

分析：看到than得知应该找比较级，所以排除AD。Surprised主语应为人，表示感到惊奇的。选B

2.The ploughed field is ready for ____ .

A. sewing  B. sowing  C. seeding  D. growing

分析：A. 缝纫；C. 结出种子，也有播种的意思，但作及物动词，常与with搭配，如：seed the field with wheat; D. 生长，长大，不符合题意。选B

耕好的田地是准备来播种的。

3. It’s a lonely village. It is ______ .

A. far  B. far from anywhere  C. alone  D. the only one

分析：选B。远离任何地方。A只表示远。C只表示单独，并不孤独。D含义不符。

4. I shall have a companion in the house after all these years _____ .

A. single  B. sole  C. alone  D. lonely

分析：single单个的，唯一的，常作表语和定语，不能做副词用。Sole唯一的，词义不符。alone独自一人地，可做形容词或副词，符合句义和搭配。lonely孤独的，寂寞的，尤指心情上，词义和搭配都不符合。选C

谚语

1. A watched kettle never boils. / A watched pot never boils.

   老是看壶水不开；心急水不开。凡是越焦急地等待反越觉得慢。

2. Actions speak louder than words. / Facts speak louder than words.

   行动比言语更为重要。事实胜于雄辩。少说多做。