章振邦语法英语句子汉译:自由直接引语_信息流翻译观

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章振邦语法英语句子汉译:自由直接引语

(2020-07-15 08:54:02)

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365 自由间接引语。

自由直接引语

在现代英文小说中还常见另外一种引语形式，这种引语也是直接引语和间接引语的混合形式，但基本上是直接引语，因为它具有直接引语的多数特征，例如动词的时、体形式不要改变；人称代词、指示代词和某些限定词仍保持原样；时间状语和地点状语一般也不作变更但同时它又具有间接引语的某些特征，如不用引号，可以保留引述分句。试比较

"After all," he said to himself, "it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it." （直接引语）

After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it. (自由直接引语）

自由直接引语不以叙述者的视角为出发点，叙述者隐身在后，以引述人物为中心。和自由间接引语一样，也着力于描绘人的心理活动，所以第一人称在自由直接引语中较为多见。例如：

Oh, Mama, Ida thought did I know you? Did you know me? What am I afraid of? She asked herself and she thought, I am a widow and losing my look. I am afraid of the future.

又例如

(Typed, retyped, torn up. The discarded pages filled the wastebasket. A typical morning's work, thought Tom Kelso, and pushed his chair away from his desk ...)

Every aspect of his work now seemed to have become uncertain. Who the hell will want to read this book anyway? He asked himself angrily. Who in the United States worried about long term policy and what they would have to cope with ten years from now? Short-term, that's us — jumping from one crisis to another. "We'll cross that bridge when we come to it" - and that we will, even if the bridge blows under our feet and we have to swim for it.

在时体选择上自由直接引语保留了原文的状态，可以同时采用多种时体形式例如：

Mr Bloom stood far back, his hat in his hand, counting the bared heads. Twelve, I'm thirteen.

Death's number. Where the deuce did he pop out of? He wasn't in the chapel, that I'll swear. Silly

superstition that about thirteen. (— James Joyce: Ulysses)

自由直接引语不用引述分句，引述人物可以不受干扰地由内往外地展示自己内心瞬间的感受。例如：

Oh, to be away from this! She actually said,'Help me, God,'as she walked up the tiny path and knocked. To be away from those staring eyes, or to be covered up in anything, one of those women's shawls even. I'll Just leave the basket and go, she decided, I shan't even wait for it to be emptied. (— Katherine Mansfield: The Garden-Party)

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