章振邦语法英语句子汉译:自由间接引语

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365自由间接引语 |
在英语的实际使用中,直接引语和间接引语往往以混合的形式出现,这就是自由间接引语
(free indirect
speech)
和自由直接引
(free direct
speech)
这两类引语分别是间接引语和直接引语的变体,带有上述两种引语的结构特征。
自由间接引语
自由间接引语是直接引语和间接引语的混合形式之一。它基本上是间接引语:它不用引号,动词时间往过去推移,人称代词、指示代词、某些限定词、时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的改变,这些都和一般的间接引语相同
但是,自由间接引语同时又保留着直接引语的某些特征,如不用引述分句,即便使用,也往往放在括号内。试比较:
Blake
said,
"I've to think
it
over
before
I
can
decide."
(直接引语)
Mr
Blake
said
(that)
he
had
to
think
it
over
before
he
could decide.
(间接引语)
He
had
to
think
it
over
(muttered
Mr
Blake)
before
he
could
decide.
(自由间接引语)
自由间接引语具有双重叙事视点
它一方面保留了表现被引述人物的主体意识和个人特征的话语,叙述生动直接;另一方面,人称的变化、时体的后移、引述分句的省略等又时时让人感到叙述者的介入、体会到其观点和态度。
Tess
remained
where
she
was
a long
while,
till
a
sudden
rebellious
sense
of injustice
caused the
region of
her
eyes
to swell with
the
rush
of
hot
tears
thither.
Her
husband, Angel
Clare
himself, had,
like
others,
dealt
out
hard
measure
to
her
-
surely
he
had!
She
had
never
before
admitted such
a thought,·but
he had,
surely!
Never
in
her life
-
she could
swear
it from
the bottom
of
her soul
-
had
she ever intended
to
do wrong;
yet these
hard judgments
had come.
Whatever
her sins,
they
were
not sins
of intention,
but
of inadvertence,
and
why should
she have
been
punished so
persistently?
(—
Thomas Hardy: Tess
of
the d'Urbervilles)