章振邦语法英语句子汉译:存在句在语篇中的运用_信息流翻译观

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章振邦语法英语句子汉译:存在句在语篇中的运用

(2020-06-09 15:18:52)

标签：

365 存在句

语篇中的运用

存在句在语篇中的应用

如前所述，存在句的主要交际功能是传达新信息，引出新话题。这种句型之所以要用作形式主语而把“实义主语“置于动词之后正是为了让这种“实义主语“处于述位 (Rheme), 成为信息中心，以达到引出新话题之目的。正由千存在句具有引出新话题的特殊交际功能，所以常在语篇中被用来作主题句，借以介绍一个人或物，随即对之作进一步的说明。例如：

Too Many Cats

Many years ago, there was an old woman. She did not like children at all.

But she loved cats.

She had black cats and white cats

She had mother cats and baby cats.

So the children all came to her house.

They came to play with the cats.

More and more cats came to the old woman's house.

Soon there were too many cats. The old woman couldn't feed them all.

Then she had an idea. "The children love my cats," she thought.

So she gave each child a cat.

Then she was happy.

And the children were happy.

And the cats were happy, too, because they each had a home.

(Helen Fritch)

又例如：

Required class attendance is so common at colleges and universities that many teachers and even students themselves simply assume it as a good thing. But in fact, required class attendance is not an effective way to motivate learning.

There are several reasons why teachers should not require attendance. First, rigid attendance policy does not benefit students. For example, a student may have to give up a lecture he finds vital to his studies simply because he dare not risk being penalized for skipping class occasionally. Second, the lectures of some teachers are not always constructive. When a teacher merely repeats material from the textbook or wastes class time telling irrelevant stories, a student should be allowed to decide for himself whether an in-class experience is worthwhile. Finally and most importantly, there is no proven correlation between attendance and performance. A student

may never miss a single lecture but who knows, he may be just sitting there day-dreaming all the time.

Required class attendance may secure one hundred percent attendance for a course, but does not make much sense.

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