章振邦语法限定词英语句子汉译：限定词的选择与限定词的搭配_信息流翻译观

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章振邦语法限定词英语句子汉译：限定词的选择与限定词的搭配

(2020-03-21 22:18:37)

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365 限定词搭配

限定词的选择取决于随后的名词的类别，是单数名词、复数名词，还是不可数名词。
（一）能与三类名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如 the, some, any, no, other, whose 以及 my, your 等物主限定词和名词属格(John's, my friend's) 等能与三类名词搭配：单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词。

No student is to leave the classroom. 没有任何学生会离开这个教室。
No words can express my grief. 没有任何言辞可以表达我的悲伤。
I have no time to write to you. 我没有任何时间写信给你。
And whose side are you on? 哪一边你会选站？
It is still unclear whose houses were burnt last night. 还不清楚是谁家的房子，烧毁的时间是昨夜。

He is a writer whose humor is not without substance. 他作为作家，其幽默不是没有实质内涵哟。

（二）只能与单数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如 a (n) , one, another, each, every, either, neither, many a, such a 等只能与单数名词搭配。

It should be compulsory reading for every adult. 这个应该读的是每个成年人。
Neither accusation is true. 两项指控没有一个能成立。
He is going to buy another car. 他打算再买一辆车。

（三）只能与复数名词搭配的限定词

有些限定词如 both, two, three, another two / three, many, (a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of 等只能与复数名词搭配。

There are few things I enjoy more than watching fish swimming in the stream.

没几件事情是我喜欢的，除非是看鱼游在河流里。
They have invited me several times to their home.

他们邀请过我，好几次都是去他们家。
In another two weeks, it will be finished.

再过两周事情就完成了。

（四）只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词

有些限定词如 a (little) bit of, a large amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much, less, (the) least 等只能与不可数名词搭配。

There is little doubt that he and his accomplices are guilty. 毫无疑问，他和他的同伙都有罪。

The Square was the scene of much fighting in last year's revolution. 广场上发生了的许多战斗都属于去年的革命。

I can speak a bit of French and understand more. (我能讲一点点法语，理解比口语好一些。）

（五）能与单复数名词搭配的限定词

有些限定词如序数词和通用序数词 the first, the second, the last, the next 等既可与单数名词搭配，也可与复数名词搭配。

My first reaction was to hit him, but he was old, and my second was to resign.

我的第一反应是想打他，但他老了；我的第二反应是准备辞职。
The next thing he heard was an insistent knocking on the door of his room.

接下来他听到的是不停的敲门声响彻自己的房间。
The last three shipments of grain for West Africa haven't yet arrived.

最后三船谷物，运往西非的，尚未运到。

（六）能与名词和不可数名词搭配的哏定词

有些限定词如 this, that 等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。

Whoever had come up with this idea deserved a medal.不管是谁，想出了这个主意的，都应该得到一枚奖章。

My family have lived in that village for many generations. 我家住在那个村子,都有好几代了。

I hope to enjoy that feeling again before long. 我希望享受这种感觉的下次是在不久以后。

（七）能与复数名词和了可数名词搭配的限定词

还有些限定词如 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, more, most, such, other 等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配。

Are there enough cakes for everyone? 有足够的蛋糕给大家吗？
They didn't have enough information about the incident. 他们没有足够的信息说明这个事件。
Like all such stories, that is largely a myth. (像所有这类故事一样，那个故事在很大程度上是虚构的。）
Such optimism has become strangely out of place. (此种乐观已经很不合时宜。）
这一类限定词也可以包括 less 和 (the) least 。如前所述， less 和 least 通常只与不可数名词搭配，但在非正式语体中也可与复数名词搭配。
Less and less people can afford to go abroad for their holidays. 越来越少的人能有足够的钱出国度假。
Advertisements on TV attract the least viewers. 做广告的电视节目基本上吸引不了什么观众。

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