章振邦语法分句结构英语句子汉译:中心成分之宾语_信息流翻译观

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章振邦语法分句结构英语句子汉译:中心成分之宾语

(2020-03-09 22:38:20)

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宾语可以按语义分类，分类的理由之一是信息结构的需要。
a) 受动宾语 (recipient object):
She lowered her head and said nothing.

她低下头，没说什么。
The ball hit the boy on the head.

球打在男孩的头上。
Do you still burn coal?

你还是烧煤吗？

b) 结果宾语 (resultant object)
We painted a flower on the wall.

我们画了一朵花在墙上。

He asked many questions.

他问了许多问题。

Moths eat many holes in the curtain.

蛾子咬了许多洞在窗帘上。

c) 使役宾语 (causative object)
She danced the baby on her knees. (= She made the baby dance on her knees.)

她让婴儿跳舞一样站在膝上。

He stood the little child against the wall.

他让小孩站着靠在墙上。
The captain marched the troops away.

上尉把部队开走了。

d) 转喻宾语 (metonymic object).
He wiped off the table.=He wiped something off/ from the table.

他擦过了桌子。
They are hatching chickens.

= The hens are hatching eggs.

它们正在孵鸡。
He is not smoking a pipe.
= He smokes cigarettes.

他抽烟没有用烟斗。（他抽的是纸烟。）

e) 同源宾语 (cognate object)
He died a heroic death.
= He died heroically.

他死得很英勇。
I slept a peaceful sleep.
= I slept peacefully

我睡了一个安稳觉。
The king lived a long life of exile.
= The king lived in exile for a long time.

国王好久都是在流亡。

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