第三单元  代词、冠词、数词

 

【单元主要内容及目标】

本单元主要复习代词、冠词、数词。通过本单元学习和训练，熟悉并掌握相关的语法知识点。

【讲授】

 要点1  代词 

 

典型试题解析

1. The baby is hungry, but there’s_________ milk in the bottle.

A. little           B. a little           C. few               D. a few

3. I don’t think we’ve met before. You are confusing me with      .

   A. some other     B. other person      C. one other          D. someone else

3. —I have forgotten my bread.

  — Never mind, you can have      .

  A. some of us      B. some of our      C. some of ours       D. some of ourselves

4. She has two best friends. _________ of them is in the country.

A. All            B. Both            C. No one           D. Neither

5. Neither John_________ his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

A. nor           B. or              C. but               D. and

6. Jim and Bill have come back, but ________students in the class aren’t here yet.

A. the others      B. others           C. another            D. the other

7. The girl is_________ of a film star.

A. somebody     B. something        C. anybody          D. anyone

8. — It’s time to tidy your room, Harry!

— See the tidy room, Mum! _________ is where it should be.

A. Something    B. Anything         C. Everything        D. Nothing

9. The red flower goes from one to_________ in the class.

A. the other     B. others            C. another           D. other

10. We couldn’t buy anything because ________of us had ______money with us.

A. all; no       B. every; not         C. none; any         D. no one; any

答案：

T：请看第1 题。句中but表示转折，暗示没有牛奶，因而选A（little）。再看第2题：我想以前我们没有见过面，你把我和其他什么人搞错了。someone else意思是“别人，其他人”，本题选D。

S：第3题。根据句意（没关系，你可以吃一些我们的面包），我想应该选C（some of ours）。

T：完全正确。这是名词双重所有格的一种表达方法。再看第4题。注意在第2个句子中，谓语动词是is。

S：前提是两个人，不能用选项A和C。Both表示复数谓语动词不能用单数（is）。这样的话，本题的正确选项应该是D。

T：完全正确。neither of them意为“他们俩个人中没有一人”。接着看第5题。neither与哪个选项连用？

S：neither A nor B, 要用选项A。

T：是的。再看第6题。指“除Jim 和Bill以外”所有其他人，要用the other students，选D。the others后面不能接名词。

S：第7题是什么意思？

T：意思是：那女孩有点像明星。句中something of…意思是“达到某种程度”。正确选项是B。再看第8题：“Harry该把你的房间收拾干净了。”“瞧！妈妈，多干净的房间。一切都井井有条（一切都在应该在的地方）”。

S：这样说来，应该选C。every thing可以表示“一切”的意思。

T：是的。请看第9题：红花在班上从一个人传到了另一个人那里。

S：班上不止两个人，不能用the other，应该选C（another）。

T：正确。请看第10题：我们什么东西都没法买，因为我们身上都没带钱。

S：不对。如果指“在有特定的范围里都没有”，要用none。正确选项是C。

 

要点2  冠词

 

典型试题解析

1. Shanghai is in       east of China.

  A. /                     B. an                     C. a                             D. the

2. The policeman gave the thief a blow in_________ stomach.

A. his            B./                C. the               D. that

3. It’s half       hour’s walk from here to our company.

  A. an                   B. a                          C. the                           D. some

4. There is       “s” in the word “stone”.

  A. a                     B. an                    C. the                                 D. /

5. He is fond of playing_________ piano while his brother is interested in listening to _________ music.

A. /; the         B. /; /             C. the; /               D. the; the

6.       ground was covered with       snow.

  A. The…the                B. The…/                 C. /…/                         D. The…a

7. Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He needs _________ day.

A. other         B. the other         C. the third           D. a third

8. It is such       important match that we can’t miss it.

  A. a                     B. /                           C. an                         D. the

9. Now our city has      of more than two million.

A. the population  B. a large population  C. populations        D. population

10.   Alexander Graham Bell invented______ telephone in 1876.

A. /             B. a               C. the               D. one

答案：

T：请看第1题。east, west用作名词，表示方位时，前面要加the 。本题要用选项D。接着看第2题：警察在小偷的肚子上打了一拳。

S：我想应该选A。

T：错了。英语中，表示“打在某人身体的某个部位”，要用定冠词，如hit sb. on the head。再看第3题。

S：hour（小时）以元音开头，因而要用选项A：an。

T：是的。请看第4题。字母s，以元音开头/ es /，因此也要用an。

S：那该选B。

T：对。请看第5题。表示演奏乐器时，乐器之前要加定冠词。

S：本题中，music之前也要加定冠词吗？

T：music在句中表示泛指，不加定冠词。正确选项是C。接着看第6题。

S：ground在句中是特指，加上定冠词。snow之前要不要用定冠词？

T：snow在句中表示一种物质，泛指时，不加定冠词。本题选B。

S：第7题是什么意思？

T：意思是：对他来说，要完成此项工作，两天时间不够。他还需要一天的时间。third在句中表示“又，再”的意思，前面不用定冠词，而是加a。本题选D（a third day）。

S：第8题中，important以元音开头，那该用an。such an important match“如此重要的一场比赛”。

T：完全正确。请看第9题：现在我们的城市有两百多万人。population意为“人口”，用have a population of…来表示“有……人”。

S：那本题应该选B。

T：完全正确。但别忘了，用population一词询问“有多少人”，用疑问词what。例如：What’s the population of Shanghai?请看第10题。可数名词单数加上定冠词用来表示一类事物。

 

要点3  数词

5

典型试题解析

1. The Mississippi is       kilometers long.

  A. six thousand, two hundred, sixty-two 

B. six thousands, two hundreds and sixty-two

C. six thousand and two hundred and sixty-two

D. six thousand two hundred and sixty-two

2. His brother will have his       birthday next year.

  A. nineteen                B. nineteenth          C. the nineteenth         D. nineteen’s

3. Nancy is_________ girl.

A. a eighteen-year-old                 B. an eighteen-years-old

C. a eighteen-years-old                D. an eighteen-year-old

4. They have learned about_________ in the past few months.

A. several hundreds English words

B. hundreds of English words

C. hundred of English words

D. several hundred English word

5. My brother lives at ______on ________floor.

A. Room Six; the second              B. Six Room; second  

C. Room Six; two                    D. the room six; the second

6. The old stone bridge is       .

  A. twelve-metre-long                              B. twelve metres long

  C. long twelve metres                             D. twelve-metre long

7.       of the boxes belong to Mr. Green.

  A. Four-fifth         B. Four-fifths          C. Fourth-fifths             D. Fourths-fifth

8. He began to learn Japanese________.

A. in the 1980s    B. in the 1980      C. in 1980’s           D. in 1980s

9. My grandma is ______, but she can still look after herself.

A. over ten eighties B. eighty and five    C. in the eighty        D. in her eighties

10. The Asian Games take place       .

  A. once for every year                                   B. once every four years

  C. once for years every                          D. once every four year

答案：

T：请看第1题。hundred, thousand前面用了2以上的基数词不能加-s；百位数与十位数或个位数之间用and连接。

S：按此规则，本题该用选项D。

T：是的。再看第2题。表示第几个生日要用序数词，之前还要加上定冠词，因而本题选C，接着看第3题。“一个18岁的女孩”怎么说？

S：an eighteen-year-old girl，要注意的是：复合形容词用连字号连接时，其中的名词要用单数形式。正确选项是D。

T：完全正确。接着看第4题。hundred与of一起用，要用复数形式。

S：那本题不能选C。但不知能否选A？

T：也不能选A。several与hundred一起用，hundred不能加-s。本题的正确选项是B（hundreds of English words）。

S：第5题有关事物的编号。

T：事物编号有两种方法：一是“名词+基数词”，如Lesson Two，二是“the +序数词+名词”，如the second lesson。

S：按此表达方式，第5题该用选项A。

T：是的。请看第6题。

S：选A，对吗？

T：不对。复合形容词是用来修饰名词的。long是个形容词，因而要用选项B（twelve metres long）。接着看第7题，“几分之几”英语怎么说？

S：由基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母合成，如“五分之一”，要说one-fifth。

T：要是分子大于1时该怎么说？

S：表示分母的序数词, 要用复数形式，如two-fifths。所以本题应该选B。

T：正确。请看第8题。英语中，表示年代有何特点？

S：一定要用定冠词，二要是表示“几十年代”的词要用复数形式，如the eighties。

T：是的。如用阿拉伯数字表达时有两种方法：一是1980之后加-s或1980后加“’”，再加-s。本题选项C缺少定冠词不能选用，正确答案是A。再看第9题：我奶奶80多岁了。

S：“80多岁”该怎么说？

T：用“in +物主代词+ eighties”来表达，因而要用选项D（in her eighties）。请看第10题：亚运会每四年举行一次。

S：那该用选项B（once every four years）。

T：说得对。

 

【扩展学习】

 

代词

1. __________of the boys has got a pencil and some paper.

A. All                    B. Every                     C. Everyone                D. Each

1.       Help _______ to the cake, John and Marry.

A. yourselfs     B. yourselve         C. yourself          D. yourselves

3. —Would you like some wine?

—Yes. Just__________.

A. little                   B. very little                C. a little                    D. little bit

4. Bob’s wife found __________in the house, did she?

A. something strange                                B. any thing strange

C. nothing strange                                   D. strange anything

5. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have__________.

A. it                      B. those                      C. them                      D. one

6. A lot of people have tried, but __________have succeeded.

A. many                 B. few                       C. some                     D. a few

7. Why didn’t you take __________medicine and __________hot water?

A. some; some       B. any; any                 C. some; any              D. any; some

8. I’m sorry to say __________of your answers is correct.

A. either                 B. some                      C. each                      D. neither

9. Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in__________.

A. the other            B. some other             C. others                    D. these others

10. Most of the housework was done by two members of the family, my mother and__________.

A. I                      B. mine                      C. me                        D. myselfs

11. We used to meet __________month.

A. every other       B. any other                C. other                      D. the other

12. One should do__________ work well.

A. oneself’s          B. ones                       C. one own                 D. one’s own

13. The days in summer are longer than __________in winter.

A. that                  B. one                        C. those                     D. these

14. —How many sheep are there on top of the hill?

—__________. But there are some rabbits.

A. None                B. No one                   C. Many                     D. A lot

15. She told me to take either of the skirts and leave __________to her.

A. another             B. other                      C. the other                D. the others

16. Lee contributed fifty dollars, but he wishes he could contribute__________.

A. other fifty dollars                                B. the same amount also

C. another fifty                                       D. more fifty dollars

17. What I want to tell you is __________: the meeting is put off till Friday.

A. it                     B. this                        C. that                        D. its

18. She always thinks more of __________than of__________.

A. him; others       B. himself; others        C. his; the other      D. herself; the others

19. There are trees on __________sides of the square.

A. every               B. both                       C. neither                   D. all

20. One of the students hasn’t prepared __________lessons well.

A. one’s               B. their                       C. his                        D. its

21. —When shall we meet again?

—Make it __________day you like; it’s all the same to me.

A. one                  B. any                        C. another                  D. some

22. Of the three men one is from Paris, and __________are from London.

A. other two         B. the other two          C. two others              D. others

23. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with__________.

A. everything        B. anything                 C. something              D. nothing

24. Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it__________.

A. themselves       B. oneself                   C. itself                      D. himself

25. Yesterday I wrote to you. Have you received __________?

A. the letter          B. that                        C. /                            D. it

答案：

1．D。every不能直接加of一起用。另外，everyone与of一起用，必须分开写，即every one of。

2．D。John and Mary是两个人，反身代词要用复数形式。

3．C。just a little表示肯定的意思，不能选A。

4．C。形容词要放在不定代词之后。

5．D。one 在句中指代杯子。it只能用来表示这一个，这与句意不符。

6．B。but表示转折，含有否定意义。

7．A。本题虽是疑问句，并不表示询问而是提出建议。

8．D。表示“两者都不”用neither。

9．C。others指“在其他方面”。

10．C。by是介词，介词宾语用宾格。

11．A。every other month意为“每隔一个月”。

12．D。one泛指“人人”时，其所有格是one’s。

13．C。those指代days。

14．A。none在此表示“所指的东西没有”，no one只能指人。

15．C。句中either两个，因此“另一个”要用the other。

16．C。contribute anothes fifty意为“再捐50元”。

17．B。this在句中指下面要讲的事。

18．D。“总是更多地考虑自己”要用反身代词。

19．D。广场有边, 但不止两条边，因而用all。

20．C。one在此指“学生之一”而不是泛指，因而用his.

21．B。强调任何一天用any。

22．B。the other two在此等于the others。

23．A。句意：你说的大部分我都同意，但不能同意你说的一切。句中everything指“每件事”。

24．A。they的反身代词是themselves。

25．A。上句并没有the letter一词，因而下句不能用it。

 

数词与冠词

1. About __________of the workers in that steel-works are young people.

A. third-fifths          B. three-fives              C. three-fifths             D. three-fifth

2. Mr. Wang wrote a book on teaching when he was__________.

A. sixties                B. in sixties                 C. in the sixties           D. in his sixties

3. In __________, my grandfather joined the Red Army.

A. the 1930s’         B. 1930’s                    C. 1930s’                   D. the 1930’s

4. We can see __________stars at night if it doesn’t rain.

A. thousand           B. thousands               C. thousand of            D. thousands of

5. Flight nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at__________.

A. Gate Two          B. the gate two            C. the two gate           D. Second Gate

6. __________of the students in John’s class are in__________.

A. One-half; the twenties                          B. Half; the twenties

C. Half; their twenties                              D. A half; their twenties

7. —When were you born?

—I was born__________.”

A. on October twelveth nineteen sixty-five

B. on October the twelfth nineteen sixty-five

C. in nineteen sixty-five October twelveth

D. in nineteen sixty-five October twelfth

8. Today’s homework is to write __________about your school.

A. a five-hundred-word composition

B. a five-hundred-word’s composition

C. a five-hundred-words composition

D. a five-hundreds-word composition

9. Mr. Smith will stay in China for__________.

A. one and a half years                             B. one and a half year

C. one and half year                                                                  D. half and one year

10. Mr Smith __________me to buy several __________eggs for the dinner party.

A. asked; dozen                                     B. suggested; dozens of

C. had; dozen                                         D. persuaded; dozens

11. She was born__________.

A. in early sixties                                    B. in the early sixties

C. on the early sixty                                D. in the early sixtys

12. —What time is it?

—__________.

A. One fifteen       B. It’s July the secoond                                 C. It’s Friday D. One a quarter

13. Look! So many people are in __________hurry to catch __________last bus.

A. a; /                   B. a; the                     C. the; /                      D. /; the

14. We had __________wonderful lunch last Saturday.

A. a                     B. one                        C. the                         D. /

15. A computer is__________ useful invention in __________world.

A. an; the              B. a; the                     C. the; the                  D. /; /

16. The Whites are thinking of moving to __________of the United States.

A. south               B. southern                 C. the south               D. the southern

17. You have left out__________“m” in the word “common”.

A. a                      B. an                         C. /                            D. the

18. Alexander Graham Bell invented __________telephone in 1876.

A. /                       B. a                            C. the                        D. one

19. Five years ago her brother was __________university student of __________physics.

A. a; the                B. an; the                    C. an; /                       D. a; /

20. I remember he was here __________autumn of 1985, perhaps in __________October that year.

A. in; /                  B. in the; the               C. in the; /                  D. the; the

21. His honesty is__________, and nobody can doubt it.

A. in question                                         B. out of the question

C. beside the question                              D. out of question

22. He lost his way for __________time yesterday.

A. a second          B. the second              C. second                   D. his second

23. People in our country work __________ 8-hour day and five-day week.

A. a                      B. an                         C. the                         D. /

24. Mary, __________ wife of Pierre, lost the necklace she borrowed from Jeanne.

A. a                      B. an                          C. the                         D. /

25. This drug is occasionally useful in__________ treatment of __________ cold.

A. / ; /                  B. the; a                     C. / ; the                     D. a; the

答案：

1。C。分子大于1，表示分母的序数词要加-s。

2．D。表示“60多岁”，要用“in +物主代词+ sixties”的结构。

3．D。表示年代要加the。用阿拉伯数字表达有两种方法：一是1930直接加-s；二是1930加“’”，再加-s。

4．D。thousands of 表示概数，意为“好几千，成千”。

5．A。事物编号按Lesson One, the first lesson方式来表达。

6．C。表示“20多岁”，用“in +物主代词+ twenties”的结构。

7．B。表示某一天，用介词on。序数词（第12）的正确拼法是twelfth。

8．A。复合形容词中word, hundred不能用复数形式。

9．A。one and a half (years) 要加复数名词，另一种说法是a year and half。

10．A。与hundred, thousand相似，dozen用在several之后不能加-s。

11．B。表示年代用介词in，还须加the，“几十年代”用复数形式。

12．A。直接按时刻表上的数字读，是钟点表达的另一种方法，如8：25读成：eight twenty-five。

13．B。in a hurry这是一种固定说法，意为“匆忙”。

14．A。have lunch（吃午饭）不加冠词，但lunch之前有修饰语，需用不定冠词a。

15．B。useful不是以元音开头，不能用an。in the world不能缺少the 。

16．C。方位词用作名词，前面要加the。

17．B。“m”/ em /以元音开头，用an。

18．C。the telephone在此表示一类事物。

19．D。physics, politics等表示学科，不加冠词。

20．C。“1985的秋天”是特指，autumn之前要加the 。月份之前不加the。

21．D。句意：他的诚实是不容置疑的。out of question意为“毫无疑问”，而out the question则作“不可能”解。

22．A。a second time在句中表示“又一次”的意思。

23．B。8（eight）以元音开头，因而用an。

24．D。wife作用同位语，不加冠词。

25．B。treatment（治疗）在此表示特指，要加the。