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俄罗斯素描在世界上独树一帜，以严格的学院写实主义闻名于世。在数百年的薪火相传中，出现过许多世界美术史上的大师级的画家。特别是在19世纪，出现了一位伟大的美术教育家契斯恰可夫，他所创立的素描体系独树一帜，不但影响了俄罗斯，也曾经对新中国的美术教育产生过巨大影响。

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