71、问：何为天皇大帝和土皇地祗?

答：道教尊为四御之一，“勾陈上宫天皇大帝”，是协助玉皇执掌南北极与天、地、人三才，统御诸星，并主持人间兵革之事。“承天效法后土皇地祗”，是协助玉皇执掌阴阳生育，万物生长与大地山河之秀的女神。

72、问：何为三皇五帝?

答：三皇是古时代帝王。道教供奉为神。《史记•三皇本纪》引《河图》、《三五历》记载：为“天皇、地皇、人皇”。五帝：为道教供奉五位天帝，据云笈七签卷十八老子中经一名珠宫玉历记载：“东方苍帝，东海君也”，“南方赤帝，南海君也”，“西方白帝，西海君也”，“北方黑帝，北海君也”，“中央黄帝君也”，“与中太一并治度人命，爱养善人，成就人”。

73、问：老子是否即太上老君，其事迹有哪些?

答：老子生於商武丁庚辰岁（公元前一三00年）二月十五日，母（玄妙玉女元君）怀孕八十一年，於李树下，破腋而出。指李树曰此为我姓，生而白首，故号老子，耳有三漏，又号老聃。名耳，字伯阳。唐为元始天王所化神宝君之化身。道书以元始八十一化，至老子是为弟十八化，世乃称为太上老君。老子出生於，楚国苦县（今河南鹿邑东）厉乡曲仁里人。唐高宗乾封元年（666），封老子为“太上玄元皇帝”。宋真宗大中祥符六年（1013）加号“太上老君混元上德皇帝”。

74、问：创成道教张道陵天师其传略如何?

答：正一教祖张天师道陵（本名陵），字辅汉，系张良（子房）八世孙，后汉沛国丰（今江苏丰县）人。东汉五斗米道的创立者。汉顺帝（125—144在位）时于鹤鸣山（今四川大邑县境）修道。永和六年（141）作道书二十四篇，自称“太清玄元”，创立道派，凡入道者纳米五斗，故称五斗米道。教人悔过奉道，用符水咒法冶病。建二十四治，立祭酒以领道民。后道教徒尊为天师。后裔承继道法，世居龙虎山，称“张天师”。

75、问：何为道教五祖?

答：道教五祖有南北二派。据吕祖全书仙派源流云：“大道之传，始於太上老君，而盛於吕祖。溯其源，少阳帝君得老君之传也。两传而得吕祖云。盖少阳帝君王玄甫，传正阳帝君钟离云房。钟离祖传孚佑帝君吕纯阳。吕祖传海蟾帝君刘成宗；又传重阳帝君王德威”。按此系为北派五祖，系出少阳祖师一脉传承者也。

76、问：少阳帝君仙迹如何?

答：是全真道北五祖之一，为第一祖。姓王讳诚，字玄甫，号少阳，又号东华子。系天仙东王公所降生，乃亦称为东华帝君，生於战国时。据《金莲正宗记》云：东华帝君生有奇表，幼慕真风，白云上真见而爱之，曰：“天上谪仙人也”。乃引之入道，授以青符玉篆，金科灵文，大丹秘诀，周天火候，青龙剑法。东华得之，拳拳服膺，三年精心，尽得其妙。遂隐居於昆仑山烟霞洞，结草奄以自居，额曰东华观。度门人正阳子钟离云房，嗣弘法教。元世祖至元六年（1269年）正月诏封其为“东华紫府少阳帝君”。后元武宗又加封为“东华紫府辅元立极大道帝君”。

77、问：正阳祖师传略如何?

答：是全真道北五祖之一，也称正阳帝君，姓钟离名权，五代京兆咸阳（今陕西咸阳）人，号和谷子，一号正阳子，又号云房。面容慈善，身材魁梧，美髯俊目，身长八尺。历仕汉、魏、晋为将军，后因兵失利，退隐终南山，得东华帝君授道真诀，复隐晋卅羊角山，於正阳洞修炼登仙。强调内丹炼养，创内丹药物、采取、火侯之理论，崛起内丹道之先声，故被全真教尊为北派第二祖。元世祖诏封其为“正阳开悟传道真君”，元武宗加封为“正阳开悟传道垂教帝君”。

78、问：纯阳祖师圣迹如何?

答：是全真道北五祖之一，也称孚佑帝君。姓吕讳岩，号纯阳子，自称回道人。唐德宗贞元丙子（796年）四月十四日巳时生，众见一白鹤，自天而降，飞入母之房中，随即吕祖降生。山西蒲坂县（今山西济县）永乐镇招贤里人。传说咸通三年（862）六十四岁进士及第。后游长安，遇钟离权，经过“十试”，乃授以“大道天遁剑法，龙虎金丹秘文”。百余岁而童彦，步履轻疾，顷刻数百里，世以为神仙。其理论以慈悲度世为成道路径，改丹铅与黄白之术为内功，改剑术为断除贪嗔、爱欲和烦恼的智慧，对北宋道教教理的发展，有一定影响。北宋宣和元年（1161年）诏封为“妙通真人”。元世祖至元六年（1269年），封为“纯阳演正警化真君”。至大三年（1310年）加封为“纯阳演正警化孚佑帝君”。

79、问：海蟾祖师仙迹如何?

答：是全真道北五祖之一，五代时道士。名操，字昭远，又字宗成，以号行。燕山（今北京市西南宛平）人。为辽进士，又说名哲，字元（铉或玄）英。事燕主刘守光为丞相。好黄老之学。一日，有道人自称正阳子来谒，海蟾待以宾礼。道人为演清静无为之宗，金液还丹之要，并索鸡卵十枚，金钱十文，一文置几上，累十卵于金钱上，若浮图状。海蟾惊曰：“危哉！”道人曰：“居荣禄，履忧患，其危殆甚！”尽以其钱劈破掷之，辞去。海蟾“大悟”，遂弃官隐于华山，终南山。相传得道仙去。元世祖封其为“海蟾明悟弘道真君”。元武宗加封为“海蟾明悟弘道纯佑帝君”。

80、问：重阳祖师传略如何?

答：是全真道北五祖之一。金代道士，全真道的创立者。原名中孚，字允卿，后应武举，易名德威，字世雄，入道后改名吉，字知明，号重阳子。咸阳（今属陕西）大魏村人。政和壬辰年十二月二十二日生，出身豪门，伪齐阜昌（1130～1137）时曾应礼部试未第，金熙宗天眷（1138～1140）时应武举，中甲科。年四十七，顿猛省，解组归。弃妻儿，拂衣尘外。游终南山，遇正阳祖同纯阳祖二师，因再拜求道，密授金丹口诀。次年复遇二师於醴泉观，更授金丹真旨。大定八年和九年间创立“三教七宝会”、“三教金莲会”、“三教三光会”、“三教玉华会”、“三教平等会”，主张儒、道、释三教的合流，提倡“全神炼气”，“出家修真”，不炼外丹，并制定道士出家的制度。元世祖至元六年（1269年）追封为“全真开化真君”。元武宗至大三年（1310年）加封为“重阳全真开化辅极帝君”。著有《重阳全真集》、《重阳教化集》、《立教十五论》等。度化弟子有马丹阳、谭处端、刘处玄、丘处机、王处一、郝大通、孙不二（女）等，后世称“北七真”。又分别创立遇仙、南无、随山、龙门、嵛山、华山、清静七派，极大地弘扬了全真教，在道教史上产生了极其深远的影响。

71. Who is "Tian-Huang Da-Di" and "Tu-Huang Di Zhi"?

 

They are two of the "Four Heavenly Kings". "Tian-Huang Da-Di" is the one directing the North and South Poles, the sky, the earth, the people. He is also in charge of the stars and the wars.

 

"Tu-Huang Di Zhi" is the Heavenly King (Female) responsible for the bearing, breeding and growing of all living things. She is also responsible for land and mountains on earth.

 

72. Who are the "San-Huang", "Wu-Di"?

 

San Huang are three ancient Emperors commonly known by the names of Tian-Huang, Di-Huang and Ren-Huang. "Wu-Di" refers to five Heavenly Emperors who are the "Cang-Di of the East', "Chi-Di of the South", "Bai-Di of the West", "Hei-Di of the North" and "Huang-Di of the Center".

 

73. Is Laozi and “Tai-Shang Lao-Jun” the same person?

 

Laozi was an actual person in history. Laozi was born in 1300 B.C. on the date of February fifteenth according to Chinese calendar. It is said that Laozi was out of a virgin birth, and his mother bearded him for eight one years before he was born. His name "Laozi' means "old son".

 

Tai-Shang Lao-Jun is one of the three highest Gods in heaven. His is also known as Dao-De Heavenly God. Daoism believes that Tai-Shang Lao-Jun had descended to earth in the form of human for eighty one times. Laozi is the one when Tai-Shang Lao-Jun came to earth on the eighteenth time.    

 

In the year 666, the Emperor of Tang Dynasty crowned Laozi with the title "Tai-Shang Xuan-Yuan Emperor", and later in 1013 another Emperor gave Laozi the title "Tai-Shang Lao-Jun Hun-Yuan Shang-De Emperor".

 

74. Who is the founder for Daoism as a religion?

 

His name was Zhang Dao Lin. Zhang Dao Lin created the very first Daoism organization called Wu-Dou-Mi Daoism in year 141 A.D. He had written 24 books in which he preached words of repent and Dao worshipping. He cured people with incantation and talismans. He is considered one of the "Celestial Masters" of the Heaven. However, "Celestial Masters" became an inherited title after him among his offspring.

 

75. Who are the Wu-Zu or the Five High Masters of Daoism religion?

 

Wu-Zu refers to five most recognized Taoists (immortals) in the history. They are Wang Cheng and his student Zhong Li Quan, his second generation student Lu Dong Bin, his third generation student Liu Hai Chan, and his forth generation student Wang Chong Yang. 

 

Quan-Zhen Northern Lineage Daoism considers Wu-Zu as the founders and high masters of their lineage.

 

76. Who is “Shao-Yang Di-Jun”?

 

“Shao-Yang Di-Jun” is first of the Wu Zu (the Five High Masters). His name was Wang Chen, lived around the 4th to 5th century before his enlightenment. Wang Chen is said to be a direct student of Laozi. His title "Shao-Yang Di-Jun" was crowned by an Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty in year 1269.

 

77. Who is Grand Master Zheng-Yang?

 

Grand Master Zheng-Yang is the second of the Wu-Zu (the Five High Masters). His name was Zhong Li Quan before enlightenment and he is the student of Shao-Yang Di-Jun. Before converting to a Taoist, Grand Master Zheng-Yang was a high ranking general.

 

Grand Master Zheng-Yang had created many basic concepts in Taoist Internal Alchemy, such as "Internal Herbs", "Huo Hou" or "the control of fire", "Collecting" of the internal herbs and etc.

 

78. Who is Grand Master Chun-Yang?

 

Grand Master Chun-Yang was born on April the 14th in year 796. His name was Lu Yan before enlightenment. It is said on the day of birth a white crane flied into the delivery room, soon Lu Yan was born.

 

Lu Yan had once passed the highest qualification exam for becoming a government official in the year 862. But soon after the exam he met his master Zheng-Yang, and again after went through extensive tests he was accepted as a student and being given full knowledge of immortality and enlightenment.

 

Grand Master Chun-Yang had made many changes to the theories and practice of Daoism. For example, he had emphasized compassion and society serving as the correct way for enlightenment; he had changed Daoism from practicing external alchemy (for immortality purposes) to practicing internal alchemy; he had also stopped popular swordsmanship in Taoists to the practice of slashing one's own greed, worry and desire.

 

These changes are very significant in the development of Daoism. In 1161, he was given a holy title, later in year 1269 and 1310 he was again crowned with holy titles by the Emperors.

 

79. Who is Grand Master Hai-Chan?

 

Grand Master Hai-Chan is the forth of the Wu-Zu (the Five High Masters), his name was Liu Cao and lived around the 10th century before enlightenment.

 

He had served as the prime minister of a small nation. While he was the prime minister, a man came to visit him one day and asked for ten eggs and ten coins. Then the man piled the eggs one on top of another separated by the coins. Having seen this Liu Cao awed with "How dangerous it is"! The visitor smiled and said "Your position in this world is more risky than this pile". Soon after the encounter, Liu Cao resigned from his high post and became a student of the visitor, Grand Master Zheng-Yang.

 

Grand Master Hai-Chan was later crowned with holy titles twice by Emperors.

 

80. Who is Grand Master Wang Chong-Yang?

 

Grand Master Chong-Yang is the last of the Wu-Zu (the Five High Masters). Grand Master Chong-Yang's secular name was Wang Zhong Fu and he changed his name to Wang Ji after becoming a Taoist Monk.

 

When he was 47 Grand Master Chong-Yang met his master Lu Dong Bin. He taught seven very famous students, they are the "North Seven" Taoist Masters. Grand Master Chong Yang is the actual founder of one of the most influential Taoist sects, the Quan-Zhen Daoism.