内容来源：分享美国  地址连接：http://go.usa.gov/cuhzF  

美国和加拿大于1932年在落基山脉(Rocky Mountains)建立了世界上第一个“国际和平公园”。今天，这两个友好邻邦的这一友谊的象征正在被其他国家效仿。

沃特顿-冰川国际和平公园(Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park)坐落在美国蒙大拿州(Montana)和加拿大阿尔伯塔省(Alberta)的边界两侧。这个面积为4556平方公里的国际公园为世界各地200多处跨界河流，森林，山脉和野生区的保护工作提供了样板。

目前全球只有十几个保护区被称为国际和平公园，但不少环保组织，如国际自然保护联盟（International Union for Conservation of Nature, 简称IUCN），在为保护这些自然奇观作出极大努力。纳尔逊·曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)在1990年代帮助在非洲南部创建了多个跨国保护区。

2001年，被放归到大林波波河跨境公园(Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park )的大象漫步在丛林中。这个3.5万平方公里的野生动物保护区涵盖南非、莫桑比克和津巴布韦三国部分地区。 (© AP Images)

建立国际和平公园的建议也出现在一些意想不到的地方，其中包括朝韩非军事区(Korean Demilitarized Zone)，以及在俄罗斯和美国之间的白令海(Bering Sea)沿岸。

清理圣河

中东生态和平(EcoPeace Middle East)组织是一个由以色列、巴勒斯坦和约旦负责人共同领导的非政治合作组织，它成为清理被污染的约旦河(Jordon River)的领军力量。

Boys playing in pond surrounded by tall vegetation (© AP Images)以色列儿童站在被污染的约旦河形成的小泻湖里。 (© AP Images)

野生区培训机构，国际和平公园探险（International Peace Parks Expeditions）的创始人托德·沃尔特斯(Todd Walters)说，2004年在厄瓜多尔和秘鲁之间的孔多尔山脉(Cordillera del Cóndor)地区建立的和平公园，源于之前一个平息暴力的条约。

他还指出，分布在曾经隔离东西方的12500公里长的铁幕(Iron Curtain)沿线的欧洲绿带(European Green Belt)，是国际合作的另一个典范。

拉阿米斯塔德国际公园(La Amistad International Park)：巴拿马和哥斯达黎加

People looking at waterfall surrounded by forest (Shutterstock)在拉阿米斯塔德国家公园云林中的瀑布。 (Shutterstock)

巴拿马和哥斯达黎加之间的公园(英文)涵盖中美洲最高和最原始的非火山山脉的大片地区。这两个国家曾经有过边界争端。

澳大利亚昆士兰大学（University of Queensland in Australia）可持续资源发展主任萨利姆·阿里(Saleem Ali)说：“收获跨境环保的和平红利需要政界人物”把环境当作他们的首要目标之一，而不是仅作为“锦上添花”。

在开创国际公园先河的沃特顿-冰川公园，每年9月会举行一个“跨境手拉手”(Hands Across Borders)仪式，纪念公园的创立周年。虽然公园在美国和加拿大有各自的门票，但两国护林员共同举办徒步游览讲解，并在火警和搜救行动上合作。冰川公园主管杰夫·慕(Jeff Mow)说:“我们正在考虑重新形成一个跨境野牛群。”  

When the U.S. and Canada established the world’s first “international peace park” in 1932 in the Rocky Mountains, the friendly neighbors created a symbol of goodwill that other countries seek to replicate today.

Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park straddles the U.S. state of Montana and the Canadian province of Alberta. The 4,556-square-kilometer park is a model for a groundswell of efforts to conserve rivers, forests, mountains and wilderness areas that cross more than 200 boundaries around the world.

Elephants wander in the bush after being released into Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park in 2001. The 35,000-square-kilometer game reserve covers parts of South Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. (© AP Images)

Only a dozen or so are called international peace parks, but environmental organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) are hard at work trying to protect these wonderlands. Nelson Mandela helped create several transnational preserves in southern Africa in the 1990s.

International peace parks have been proposed in surprising places, including the Korean Demilitarized Zone and along the Bering Sea between Russia and the U.S.

Cleaning up a sacred river

Young Israelis stand in a small lagoon fed by the polluted Jordan River. (© AP Images)

EcoPeace Middle East, a nonpolitical partnership led by Israeli, Palestinian and Jordanian co-directors, spearheads efforts to clean up the fouled Jordan River.

The 2004 establishment of a peace park in the Cordillera del Cóndor region between Ecuador and Peru grew out of an earlier treaty to quell violence, said Todd Walters, founder of International Peace Parks Expeditions, a wilderness training organization.

The European Green Belt along the 12,500-kilometer Iron Curtain line that once divided East from West is another exemplar of international cooperation, he said.

La Amistad International Park: Panama and Costa Rica

A waterfall in the cloud forest in La Amistad International Park (Shutterstock)

This park between Panama and Costa Rica covers large tracts of the highest and wildest non-volcanic mountain range in Central America. Those two countries once had border disputes.

Saleem Ali, who holds the chair in sustainable resource development at the University of Queensland in Australia, said, “Harnessing peace dividends of transboundary conservation will require politicians” to place the environment among their top objectives and not make it “icing on the cake.”

At Waterton-Glacier, the park that started it all, a “Hands Across Borders” ceremony marks the anniversary of its creation each September. While the parks have separate entrance fees, U.S. and Canadian rangers lead joint interpretive hikes and collaborate on fire response and search and rescue.  “We’re looking at re-establishing a transboundary bison herd,” Glacier Superintendent Jeff Mow s