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美国国际开发署坚持促进性别平等

(2013-01-29 14:02:23)
标签:

杂谈

分类: 政治与经济
Kathryn McConnell | Staff Writer | 2013.01.25
http://photos.state.gov/libraries/amgov/3234/week_4/01242013_USAID-Somali-woman-300.jpg

由于美国国际开发署的“促进稳定过渡计划”(Transition Initiatives for Stabilization),一名索马里妇女获得经济机会。

 

 

华盛顿——美国国际开发署(U.S. Agency for International Development,USAID)副署长唐纳德·斯坦伯格(Donald Steinberg)称,该署已经在运作过程的所有环节促进性别平等。

斯坦伯格在华盛顿一所以第28届美国总统的名字命名的研究机构伍德罗·威尔逊中心(Woodrow Wilson Center)表示,该行动符合国务卿希拉里·罗德姆·克林顿(Hillary Rodham Clinton)支持女性自主权和缩小性别鸿沟的要求。

此外,斯坦伯格还表示,欧巴马总统提名接替克林顿担任国务卿的候选人约翰·克里(John Kerry)参议员已表明他在整个职业生涯中致力于维护妇女自主权。

斯坦伯格说,美国国际开发署在平等问题上关注的对象包括以往其他一些被剥夺权利的群体,如残疾人、土著居民、男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者群体。他说:“他们必须成为我们所有发展工作的规划者、实施者和受益者。”

1月初的讲话中,斯坦伯格列出了美国国际开发署为促进性别平等采取的一些措施。

该署建立了“民主、人权及良治中心”(Center for Democracy, Human Rights and Governance),其工作重心是妇女权利,打击人口贩运,制止基于性与性别的暴力。为了在所有办事处促进性别平等,他们对数百名工作人员进行了培训。

美国国际开发署制定了制止童婚和解决已婚儿童需求的计划,并且要求在所有新的援助项目建议书中纳入关于性别平等的内容。

 

http://photos.state.gov/libraries/amgov/3234/week_4/01242013_USAID-LandTenure-240x138-300.jpg

一名年轻妇女展示其在美国国际开发署的帮助下获得的埃塞俄比亚政府颁发的土地证。

 
斯坦伯格称,美国国际开发署还推出了一些致力于为女孩建立安全学校、在灾难期间保护妇女免受性暴力、拓展计划生育服务、降低产妇死亡率、扩大妇女对清洁炉灶的使用的项目。

他提到了几个美国国际开发署维护妇女自主权的例子。该署提供了1,400万美元用于教育世界各地妇女如何参与和平建设进程;启动了多项旨在解决妇女难民需求的计划;帮助培训哥伦比亚的妇女放弃古柯生产,转而生产替代作物。

在危地马拉,当地官员在美国国际开发署的援助下制定了一项帮助家庭暴力受害者的制度。美国国际开发署还实施了一些帮助妇女在生活多年的土地上保有土地权益的计划。斯坦伯格说,有了所有权,妇女就可以通过借贷改善其拥有的土地。

美国国际开发署在其网站上声明,它致力于让男女全面参与社会事务,将性别平等和妇女自主权纳入有关加强粮食安全、发展健全的卫生系统以及促进可持续经济增长的工作中。该署还承诺在为减少气候变化的影响、提供人道主义援助以及防止和应对冲突的工作中坚持性别平等。

美国国际开发署的进展

美国国际开发署署长拉吉夫·沙阿(Rajiv Shah)在2012年的一份报告中表示,美国国际开发署维护性别平等和妇女自主权的政策“肯定了妇女在加快发展进程及促进全球繁荣和安全方面所发挥的关键作用”。

沙阿还指出,美国国际开发署近年来与各当地政府、其他捐助者和民营部门建立了伙伴关系,协调各方面的工作并体现有关国家的当务之急。美国国际开发署还打算利用科学、技术和创新缩小性别鸿沟。

斯坦伯格表示,美国国际开发署的努力“使我对未来怀抱很大希望”。



Read more: http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/chinese/article/2013/01/20130125141461.html#ixzz2JLFilnOl

USAID Instills Gender Equality in All Its Operations

By Kathryn McConnell | Staff Writer | 24 January 2013
http://photos.state.gov/libraries/amgov/3234/week_4/01242013_USAID-Somali-woman-300.jpg

A Somali woman has gained economic opportunities as a result of USAID's Transition Initiatives for Stabilization program.

 

Washington — The U.S. Agency for International Development has instilled gender equality into all parts of its operations, the agency’s deputy administrator said.

The action is in line with Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton’s support for women’s empowerment and reducing gender gaps, Donald Steinberg said at the Woodrow Wilson Center, a Washington research institute named for the 28th U.S. president.

In addition, Senator John Kerry, President Obama’s nominee to succeed Clinton as secretary of state, has demonstrated a commitment to women’s empowerment throughout his career, Steinberg said.

USAID’s focus on equality includes other previously disenfranchised groups like people with disabilities, indigenous people, and members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community, Steinberg said. “They must be planners, implementers and beneficiaries of all our development efforts,” he said.

In the early January speech, Steinberg listed some of the ways USAID has promoted gender equality.

The agency created a Center for Democracy, Human Rights and Governance with emphasis on women’s rights, anti-trafficking, and sexual- and gender-based violence. It trained hundreds of its staff members to champion gender in all of its offices.

It spelled out plans to end child marriage and meet the needs of married children. And it adopted a requirement that all new aid project proposals include a gender component.

 

http://photos.state.gov/libraries/amgov/3234/week_4/01242013_USAID-LandTenure-240x138-300.jpg

A young woman displays her land certificate obtained from the Ethiopian government with USAID assistance.

Further, USAID launched projects to create safe schools for girls, protect women from sexual violence during disasters, expand family planning services, combat maternal mortality, and expand women’s use of clean cook stoves, Steinberg said.

He noted examples of how the agency focuses on empowering women. USAID provided $14 million to teach women around the world how to participate in peace-building processes. It started programs to address the needs of women refugees. It helped train women in Colombia “to turn their backs” on coca production and produce alternative crops.

In Guatemala, with USAID assistance, officials developed a system to aid victims of domestic violence. And USAID put in place programs to help women get tenure of lands that they had lived on for years. With titles, the women could borrow money to improve the property, Steinberg said.

USAID’s commitment to the full participation of women and men in their societies involves integrating gender equality and female empowerment into efforts to increase food security, develop strong health systems and promote sustainable economic growth, the agency states on its website. The commitment also involves including gender in efforts to reduce the impact of climate change, provide humanitarian aid, and prevent and respond to conflict, the agency says.

EVOLUTION OF USAID

USAID’s gender equality and female empowerment policy “affirms the critical role women play in accelerating progress in development and advancing global prosperity and security,” the agency’s administrator, Rajiv Shah, said in a 2012 report.

Shah noted that in recent years USAID has built partnerships with host governments, other donors and the private sector to coordinate efforts and reflect country priorities. It also aims to harness science, technology and innovation to reduce gender gaps.

USAID's effort "gives me great hope about the future,” Steinberg said.



Read more: http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/article/2013/01/20130124141432.html#ixzz2JLFkPo2U

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