加载中…亚拉巴马州的美国民权运动
(2012-07-10 14:00:57)
标签：
杂谈 |
分类： 社会与生活 |
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美国民权运动史上一些具有里程碑意义的事件发生在亚拉巴马州。
从蒙哥马利（Montgomery）、塞尔玛（Selma）到伯明翰（Birmingham），亚拉巴马州的一些城市体现了深厚的民权运动传统。当年美国掀起的民权运动要求通过非暴力行动取消种族隔离，实现全体美国人的平等权利。
1955年在蒙哥马利，罗莎·帕克斯（Rosa Parks）在公共汽车上拒绝向一名白人男子让座。帕克斯因采取抵制行动被逮捕。 但她的行动引发了蒙哥马利抵制公共汽车的拒乘运动（Montgomery Bus Boycott）。这场运动持续了381天，最终迫使整个公共交通系统取消种族隔离。
10年后，马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King Jr）发起从塞尔玛向蒙哥马利进军的一系列示威游行，其中第一次游行以州警和县法警殴打示威民众的事件结束。有人用相机拍下了这些攻击事件的镜头，结果引发了暴乱，促使更多的民众参加示威。第三次游行有20,000多人参加，他们举行了行走87公里的活动，要求获得投票权。几个月之后，林登∙约翰逊（Lyndon Johnson）总统签署了《投票权法》（Voting Rights Act），把平等的投票权扩大到全体美国人。
今天，蒙哥马利的罗莎·帕克斯图书馆及博物馆（Rosa Parks Library and Museum）、从塞尔玛向蒙哥马利进军国家历史步道（Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail）和伯明翰的伯明翰民权研究所（Birmingham Civil Rights Institute）都成为纪念亚拉巴马民权运动的标志。
有关亚拉巴马州的详情见探索美国网站DiscoverAmerica.com。
Read more: http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/chinese/inbrief/2012/07/201207058518.html#ixzz20CGdSWtf
The U.S. Civil Rights Movement in Alabama
21 June 2012
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Some watershed moments of the U.S. civil rights movement happened in Alabama.
From Montgomery to Selma to Birmingham, the cities of Alabama are steeped in the history of the U.S. civil rights movement, a nonviolent effort to end racial segregation and achieve equal rights for all Americans.
In 1955 Montgomery, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man. For her defiance, she was arrested. But her actions led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a 381-day campaign that generated the desegregation of all public transportation.
Ten years later, Martin Luther King Jr. began a series of marches from Selma to Montgomery, the first of which ended in the beating of demonstrators by state troopers and the sheriff’s police. Photographers caught the attacks on film. The footage sparked rioting and motivated more people to act. More than 20,000 demonstrators joined by the third march, an 87-kilometer walk for the right to vote. Months later, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act to extend equal voting rights to all Americans.
Today, the Rosa Parks Library and Museum in Montgomery, the Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail and the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute in Birmingham commemorate the civil rights movement in Alabama.
Find out more about Alabama at DiscoverAmerica.com.
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