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简六级阅读-题源文章 Passage4

题源时文四

【文章大意】

本文介绍一项研究探讨做兼职对青少年发展的影响，并从中得出结论：每周兼职时间超过20个小时的青少年对学习的投入减少，还会产生一些不良行为问题。这应引起人们的重视，并应多方合作限制青少年兼职的时间。

【题源时文】

      Many teens work part-time during the school year, and in the current economic climate, more youths may take jobs to help out with family finances. But caution is advised: Among high school students, working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can lead to academic and behavior problems. That's the finding of a new study by researchers at the University of Washington, University of Virginia, and Temple University. It appears in the January/February issue of the journal, Child Development.

     In a reanalysis of longitudinal（纵向的） data collected in the late 1980s, researchers examined the impact of getting a job or leaving work among middle-class teens in 10th and 11th grades. Drawing from the full sample of about 1,800 individuals, the researchers compared adolescents who got jobs to similar teens who didn't work, and adolescents who left jobs to similar teens who kept working.

     Using advances in statistical methods, the researchers matched the teens on a long list of background and personality characteristics that are known to influence whether or not a young person chooses to work; using this technique allowed more certainty in estimating the effects of working on adolescents'development than in the original analysis of the data.

      The researchers found that working for more than 20 hours a week was associated with declines in school engagement and how far adolescents were expected to go in school, and increases in problem behavior such as stealing, carrying a weapon, and using alcohol and illegal drugs. They also found that things didn't get better when teens who were working more than 20 hours a week cut back their hours or stopped working altogether. In contrast, working 20 hours or less a week had negligible academic, psychological, or behavioral effects.

     “Working part-time during the school year has been a fixture of American adolescence for more than 30 years,” notes Kathryn C. Monahan, a postdoctoral research scientist at the University of Washington, who led the study. “Today, a substantial proportion of American high school students hold part-time jobs during the school year, and a large number of them work more than 20 hours each week.”

      “Although working during high school is unlikely to turn law-abiding teenagers into criminals or cause students to drop out of school, the extent of the adverse effects we found is not trivial, and even a small decline in school engagement or increase in problem behavior may be of concern to many parents,” she adds. The bottom line, suggests Monahan: “Parents, educators, and policymakers should monitor and constrain the number of hours adolescents work while they are enrolled in high school.”  

【题源分析】

本文选自《卫报》

【核心词汇及短语】

constrain     v. 强迫；束缚

fixture      n. 固定存在物，固定的事

negligible    a. 微不足道的，可以忽略的

reanalysis     n. 重新分析

substantial     a. 大量的

trivial      a. 不重要的，琐碎的；琐细的

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