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苹果-消费者共同的期望和责任 Apple Consumers world-wide share same expectation and responsibility

(2011-02-03 16:23:01)
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分类: 绿色还是黑色
最近一份名叫“苹果的另外一面”的报告,已经通过西方的主要媒体在西方世界引起关注。 国内36家环保组织发起的系列活动还在渐进中。呼吁苹果公司直面自己的责任,做一个名副其实的有社会和环境责任的公司,在国内外的公众和消费者中引发了仁者见仁,智者见智的复杂讨论。 

一直拖到大年初一,才有时间对最近听说的和观察到的种种讨论简单做一点个人层次的回应。 
首先,中国国内环保组织的目的并非要通过拒绝苹果的产品来“打倒苹果公司"。 其次,此次活动并没有在消费者中间,对使用苹果产品的消费者有任何的染指,苹果产品,特别是苹果手机仅仅是通讯的工具而已,大家针对的是苹果公司供应链条上的问题。 简单地说,我们希望公众和消费者能集体呼吁苹果公司重视自己的责任,通过供应链条的治理,履行苹果公司在社会和环境责任方面的庄重承诺。我身边有很多朋友,他们在使用苹果的产品,包括手机,他们对苹果公司出现这样的环境和公共健康问题,深表遗憾,希望看到苹果公司令人满意的回应。

随着经济全球化的深化,在中国大陆的生产活动已经难以分出国内和国际公司的清晰界限。 此次报告和活动虽然具体是针对苹果的,但绝不是如某些言论所说的,中国本土组织“受影响”专门挑选了美国的公司。 凡是在中国生产的公司,只要其生产行为违反中国的环境保护法律和规定,污染了环境,忽视了工人的合法权益,都有机会被放在公众的视野中来让大家评判。 所以,这次活动完全是中国本土环保组织在供应链-环境和社会权益治理方法上的一次实践。

由36家中国本土组织发起的活动将继续在中文世界里以公民的行为向苹果公司的上层喊话。 但是,我同时也觉得中文世界的公民喊话,作用可能有限。 因为苹果在80年代末走出低潮期之后卧薪尝胆的十年,也是pc产品和服务走上垄断的十年。 对于美洲和欧洲的有一定公益心和质疑全球化的公众来说,苹果有相当的亲和力,不仅因为它是与pc相抗衡的技术方案, 而且苹果的技术方案在考虑人的使用方面的确有它吸引人的地方,所以有相当的公众或者意见领袖以购买苹果的股票作为一种表达,显示自己对所谓的“alternative”-可替代方案,或者负责人企业的支持。

从现在的情况来看,尽管北京的两大苹果专卖店人头攒动,购买力强劲,但是苹果公司显然还没有特别在意中国消费者的意愿。苹果公司的服务对象看起来更在意其本土的消费者意志。 

为了真正让苹果感到压力, 我认为我们需要西方消费者的合作和呼应。 毕竟地球只有一个,全球化时代的环境和社会责任很难以国家的边界来完全划清彼此的责任和权力。  

以下是一份来自美国杜克大学人类学系教授李瑞的信。 这封信以苹果产品西方消费者的口吻和视角,把此次中国环保组织的诉求直接反馈给苹果公司。欢迎中国朋友把这封信转给认识的西方朋友,请他们采取行动给苹果公司写信。 当然,这封信也值得中国朋友的了解,假如中国在海外的公司有环境和社会责任方面的问题,我们是否也可以采用类似的办法,向本土的公司表达同样的诉求,要求中国的公司采取负责任的行动呢? 

This letter was written by Professor Ralph Litzinger, Department of Cultural Anthropology Duke University.  Professor Litzinger does research on migrant labor and education in China, including work on health, environment and development issues in China and globally.  The views expressed herein are his alone, and are based on investigative reports and conversations with concerned citizen groups in Beijing.  He is distributing this letter to implore all concerned Apple product users to contact Apple management about the environmental and health conditions in their outsourced factories in China.


                                                 Jan. 28, 2011

Dear C.E.O of Apple Inc.,

For many years I have been a loyal customer of Apple.  I have bought many of your products:  the iTouch, iPhone, iMAC, and new MacBook Pro, to name just a few.  Like many Apple users, I was an avid fan of the wonderfully witty commercials that pitted cool, hip and trendy Mac users against the staid and blasé conventionality of Microsoft users.  I embraced Apple for its brilliant operating system, its commitment to making user-friendly tools, and its aesthetic sensibility.  Apple crafts beautifully designed machines, which is one reason your market share continues to grow.

But it seems there is another Apple that few of your customers know about.  Recent reports in the press – in China, and indeed throughout much Europe and North America – about Apple’s poor environmental and labor record in China have begun to erode my loyalty.   These reports indicate that Apple does not directly own or directly manage any of its own factories in China.   Rather, you have chosen to outsource much of the manufacturing, assembly, and finishing work to companies operating in China.  On your own corporate social responsibility page, you explicitly state,

       “Apple is committed to ensuring the highest standards of social responsibility        wherever our products are made.  We insist that our suppliers provide safe working conditions, treat workers with dignity and respect, and use environmentally responsible manufacturing processes.”  

There is ample evidence Apple is no longer committed to this code of ethics.  You are failing to properly monitor the companies that make and supply parts for your products.  You are turning a blind eye to environmental and labor violations, accidents, and human tragedies along your supply chain.  Moreover, you are systematically ignoring community organizations, concerned workers and labor groups, and academics and public intellectuals in China that have invited you to join them in dialogue about your environment, health, and labor record.  Your refusal to engage these groups, to remain silent in the face of concerned citizens in China and elsewhere, is eroding the Apple brand, and may soon result in the loss of your expanding consumer, in China, East Asian, and throughout the world.

Throughout the long spring and summer of 2010, your customers endured report after report of miserable working conditions, labor law violations, and twelve tragic suicides at the Foxconn plant, one of your major suppliers.  Now reports are reaching your customers of another round of unacceptable labor and environmental practices, suggesting that Apple is committed less to the people and places that make its products and more to maintaining its stylish image of a benevolent and hip company.  Why did Apple allow one of its supplies, the Taiwan-based Wintek Corporation, to illegally make its workers use n-hextane, a known poison, as a cleaning devise for your touchscreens?  How are your loyal customers to respond when many workers at the Wintek factory in the Suzhou Industrial Park go sick, must be hospitalized, or may indeed suffer neurological damage for the rest of their lives?  Why did Apple ignore the poisoned and disabled supplier employees who wrote to seek your help in arranging a fair and appropriate compensation?   With these evasive maneuvers, can we believe that Apple is committed to ensuring safe working and environmental conditions in the factories that supply your parts?  How many more deaths, suicides, hospitalizations, and ruined lives will it take before you begin to live up to your own stated commitments to corporate social responsibility?  Is it possible the Apple brand has been built on a lie?

The Apple Corporation has a responsibility to answer the questions posed to you by concerned social and community groups in China.  Contrary to some reports and comments in the western press, these groups do not want to harm Apple; nor are they advocating that people stop using Apple products.  Rather, they are calling on Apple to become a leader in creating healthy, humane, and just working conditions in the factories where its products are made.  Continuing to ignore requests for dialogue from people in China committed to promoting fair and humane working conditions and safe environments is a no win situation.  Apple needs to break the silence.  Show these concerned citizen groups, and your loyal customers around the world, that you truly are committed to a just, healthy, and humane production cycle. 

 

                                                 Sincerely,

 

                                                 Concerned Apple Users

 

 

 



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