脑瘫患者经常性的运动能够带来诸多好处，包括生活感受和外在形象的改善以及日常生活能力的提高。运动同样有助于减轻某些症状，如痉挛和手足徐动。最大程度享受运动的益处的办法是从病人自己的需要出发精心设计运动方案并予以坚持。

如何开始

* 在开始运动前，需要与您的医生沟通，获得他对运动方案的建议

* 遵医嘱服用医生处方的药物

* 运动锻炼最主要的目的是改善您的健康并帮助提高日常生活能力

* 选择您喜欢的并且您的能力所及的运动项目，比如选择手摇式自行车、卧式自行车。缓慢开始，逐步加大强度和运动时间。目的是开展有氧运动20-40分钟，每周3-4次。

* 行走或者轮椅运动15分钟，每周1-2次，目的是能够行走更长的距离。

* 力量训练每周2次，可以使用具有三套训练大肌肉群功能的辅助力量训练器，每次重复8-10次。

* 每次训练前后都需要做伸展运动，以便提高活动限度

* 根据感受及时调整自己的训练方案，如果感觉疲劳而不是兴奋，就说明运动量偏大

注意事项

* 抗癫痫和解痉药可能会有损您的有氧运动能力

* 如果您有痉挛或者手足徐动症，有必要使用绷带或者手套来保护您的手脚。请确认您能够容易地从绷带中解脱出来或者您的附近有人可以迅速地帮助您解脱出来。

Getting Started

• Talk with your health care provider before starting an exercise program and ask for specific programming recommendations.
• Take all medications as recommended by your physician.
• The primary goal of exercise training is to improve your health and increase your ability to perform everyday activities.
• Choose activities you enjoy and that are within your functional capabilities, such as using an arm bike or recumbent bicycle. Start slowly and gradually progress the intensity and duration of your workouts. Aim to do aerobic exercise 20 to 40 minutes, three to five days per week.
• Walk or wheel your wheelchair up to 15 minutes, one to two times per week; aim to improve the distance you are able to cover.
• A twice-per-week strength-training program using free weights or machines with three sets of exercises for the major muscle groups, with eight to 10 repetitions, is recommended.
• Stretching exercises to improve your range of motion should be done before and after every workout.
• Be prepared to adjust your workouts according to your symptoms—if you feel fatigued rather than energized, you may be overdoing it.

Exercise Cautions

• Anti-seizure and antispasmodic medications may decrease the intensity of aerobic exercise that you can do.
• If you have spastic and/or athetoid complication, straps, wraps or gloves may be necessary to keep your hands and/or feet secure. Make sure you can get out of the straps safely or exercise with a person close by to help if you need to get out of the straps quickly.

Your exercise program should be designed to maximize the benefits with the fewest risks of aggravating your health or physical condition. Consider contacting a certified health and fitness professional* who can work with you and your health care provider to establish realistic goals and design a safe and effective program that addresses your specific needs.

For more information, visit www.exerciseismedicine.org or e-mail eim@acsm.org.

* If your health care provider has not cleared you for independent physical activity and would like you to be monitored in a hospital setting or a medical fitness facility, you should exercise only under the supervision of a certified professional. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has two groups of certified fitness professionals that could meet your needs. The ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist (CES) is certified to support those with heart disease, diabetes and lung disease. The ACSM Registered Clinical Exercise Physiologist (RCEP) is qualified to support patients with a wide range of health challenges. You may locate all ACSM-certified fitness professionals by using the ProFinder at www.acsm.org.

Sources: ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription and other ACSM publications.