加载中…2017年5月SAT北美真题历史类文章
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Mary
Robinson ( 27 November 1757? – 26 December 1800) was an English
actress, poet, dramatist, novelist, and celebrity figure. During
her lifetime she was known as "the English Sappho".She earned her
nickname "Perdita" for her role as Perdita (heroine of
Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale) in 1779. She was the first public
mistress of King George IV while he was still Prince of
Wales.
In A
Letter to the Women of England, Robinson includes an entire page
dedicated to English women writers to support her notion that they
were just as capable as men of being successful in the literary
world. These ideas have continued to keep Mary Robinson relevant in
literary discussions today.
作者：Mary Robinson
选自：A
Letter to the Women of England on the injustice of Mental
Subordination.
Woman is
destined to pursue no path in which she does not find an enemy. If
she is liberal, generous, careless of wealth, friendly to the
unfortunate, and bountiful to persecuted merit, she is deemed
prodigal, and over-much profuse; all the good she does, every tear
she steals from the downcast eye of modest worth, every sigh she
converts into a throb of joy, in grateful bosoms, is, by the world,
forgotten; while the ingenuous liberality of her soul excites the
imputation of folly and extravagance. If, on the contrary, she is
wary, shrewd, thrifty, economical, and eager to procure and to
preserve the advantages of independence; she is condemned as
narrow-minded, mean, unfeeling, artful, mercenary, and base: in
either case she is exposed to censure. If liberal, unpitied; if
sordid, execrated! In a few words, a generous woman is termed a
fool; a prudent one, a prodigal.
If WOMAN is
not permitted to assert a majesty of mind, why fatigue her
faculties with the labours of any species of education? why give
her books, if she is not to profit by the wisdom they inculcate?
The parent, or the preceptress, who enlightened her understanding,
like the dark lantern, to spread its rays internally only, puts
into her grasp a weapon of defence against the perils of existence;
and at the same moment commands her not to use it. Man says you may
read, and you will think, but you shall not evince your knowledge,
or employ your thoughts,beyond the boundaries which we have set up
around you. Then wherefore burthen the young mind with a gaudy
outline which man darkens with shades indelible? why expand the
female heart, merely to render it more conscious that it is, by the
tyranny of custom, rendered vulnerable? Let man remember, that "A
little learning is a dangerous thing."
Let him not
hope for a luxurious mental harvest, where the sun of cultivation
is obscured by impenetrable prejudice; that cloud which has too
long spread over the mind of woman a desolating darkness. So
situated, woman is taught to discriminate just sufficiently to know
her own unhappiness. She, like Tantalus, is placed in a situation
where the intellectual blessing she sighs for is within her view;
but she is not permitted to attain it: she is conscious of
possessing equally strong mental powers; but she is obliged to
yield, as the weaker creature. Man says, "you shall be initiated in
all the arts of pleasing; but you shall, in vain, hope that we will
contribute to your happiness one iota beyond the principle which
constitutes our own." Sensual Egotists! woman is absolutely
necessary to your felicity; nay, even to your existence: yet she
must not arrogate to herself the power to interest your actions.
You idolize her personal attractions, as long as they influence
your senses; when they begin to pall, the magick is dissolved; and
prejudice is ever eager to condemn what passion has
degraded.
Supposing
women were to act upon the same principle of egotism, consulting
their own inclinations, interest, and amusement only, (and there is
no law of Nature which forbids them; none of any species but that
which is framed by man;) what would be the consequences? The
annihilation of all moral and religious order. So that every good
which cements the bonds of civilized society, originates wholly in
the forbearance, and conscientiousness of woman.
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