加载中…英语教学中的重要一环--操练 Drills
(2009-03-22 01:16:03)
标签：
师资培训少儿英语幼儿英语教学游戏步骤操练drill教育 |
分类： 师资培训 |
操练和游戏(Drills and
Games)都是英语学习中不可或缺的用来呈现或复习语言知识的手段。
下面的这段文字，对操练(Drills)的几种基本形式给与了简单的描述。在这些基本形式的基础上，老师可以创造出更多适于学生使用的课堂操练活动。
Drills
Drilling is a time-efficient, enjoyable way to review or
present material in a tightly organized manner. While doing drills,
it is a good idea to alternate between choral and individual
responses. When doing the latter, choosing students in random order
and maintaining a quick pace will help keep their
attention.
There are many kinds of drills to choose from. Brief de
script ions of several kinds of drills and the procedures for doing
them follow.
Repetition Drill
Model vocabulary words or new language patterns for the
class to repeat.
T: a do a dog,
Ss: a dog.
T: a rabbit, a rabbit.
Ss: a rabbit.
Or,
T: This is a red book.
Ss: This is a red book.
T: This is a yellow pencil.
Ss: This is a yellow pencil.
Substitution Drill
To do a substitution drill, use picture cards or realia
as cues.
T: Where are the books? (show a picture of books on a
table) They're on the table.
Ss: They're on the table.
T: (show a picture of books under a table)
Ss: They're under the table.
Or,
T: (show a picture of a bird) There's a bird. I like
birds.
Ss: There's a bird. I like birds.
T: (show a picture of a frog)
Ss: There's a frog. I like frogs.
Chain Drill
In a chain drill, use objects or picture cards as cues.
Show an object or picture card to the first student and ask a
related question. The student answers, then turns to the next
student to ask the same question with appropriate substitutions.
Continue until all the students have had a chance to ask and answer
the question. Divide larger classes into three or four small
groups, and have each group do a chain drill.
T: (show a picture of a robot to S1) What's
this?
S1: It's a robot. (show a picture of a jump rope to S2)
What's this?
S2: It's a jump rope.
Transformation Drill
In a transformation drill, you say a word in one tense,
and the students "transform" the word into another
tense.
T: eat.
Ss: ate.
This can also be done with full sentences.
T: The girl is at the zoo.
Ss: The girl was at the zoo.
操练是一种高效的、设计紧凑、易于操作的活动，可以用来复习或呈现语言知识。进行操练时，要经常在全班操练和个体操练之间转换。在进行个体操练时，不要按顺序叫学生，另外要注意保持操练的快节奏，这样可以让学生注意力集中。
跟读操练（Repetition
Drill）
老师为学生示范新单词或新句型，学生跟读。
T: a do a dog,
Ss: a dog.
T: a rabbit, a rabbit.
Ss: a rabbit.
或者，
T: This is a red book.
Ss: This is a red book.
T: This is a yellow pencil.
Ss: This is a yellow pencil.
替换操练（Substitution
Drill）
一定要借助教学卡片或实物来进行替换操练。
T: Where are the books? (show a picture of books on a
table) They're on the table.
Ss: They're on the table.
T: (show a picture of books under a table)
Ss: They're under the table.
或者，
T: (show a picture of a bird) There's a bird. I like
birds.
Ss: There's a bird. I like birds.
T: (show a picture of a frog)
Ss: There's a frog. I like frogs.
接龙操练（Chain
Drill）
一定要借助教学卡片或实物来进行接龙操练。把物品或图片展示给第一个学生并提问一个相关的问题。这个学生回答，再转向另外一名学生，用另一个物品或图片提同样的问题。
T: (show a picture of a robot to S1) What's
this?
S1: It's a robot. (show a picture of a jump rope to S2)
What's this?
S2: It's a jump rope.
转换操练（Transformation
Drill）
在转换操练中，老师说一个单词的某种时态，学生将这个单词转换成另外的时态。
T: eat.
Ss: ate.
这种操练同样适用于句子转换。
T: The girl is at the zoo.
Ss: The girl was at the zoo.
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